Update in the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Journal of Hematology and Oncology

Volumn 2, Issue , 2009, Pages

  Maddocks, Kami J ^a   Lin, Thomas S ^a  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABT 263; ALEMTUZUMAB; ALKYLATING AGENT; ANTILEUKEMIC AGENT; BENDAMUSTINE; BETA 2 MICROGLOBULIN; CAL 101; CHLORAMBUCIL; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; FLAVOPIRIDOL; FLUDARABINE; LENALIDOMIDE; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; N [5 (5 TERT BUTYL 2 OXAZOLYLMETHYLTHIO) 2 THIAZOLYL]ISONIPECOTAMIDE; OFATUMUMAB; PENTOSTATIN; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE INHIBITOR; PROTEIN BCL 2; PURINE NUCLEOSIDE; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; RITUXIMAB; SCH 727965; TRU 016; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; DRUG DERIVATIVE; VIDARABINE;

ADD ON THERAPY; ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION; ANEMIA; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPY; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CHRONIC LEUKEMIA; CHRONIC LYMPHATIC LEUKEMIA; CYTOGENETICS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; DRUG DOSE ESCALATION; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG DOSE REDUCTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG SAFETY; ERADICATION THERAPY; FATIGUE; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; INFECTION; INFECTION RATE; LOW DRUG DOSE; LYMPHADENOPATHY; MINIMAL RESIDUAL DISEASE; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; MULTIPLE MYELOMA; NEUTROPENIA; NONHODGKIN LYMPHOMA; PATIENT SELECTION; PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA; PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL; RASH; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEPSIS; SPLENOMEGALY; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR CELL DESTRUCTION; TUMOR FLARE; EVALUATION; IMMUNOTHERAPY; METHODOLOGY; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; ONCOLOGY; ORGANIZATION;

ANTINEOPLASTIC COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY PROTOCOLS; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; CONGRESSES AS TOPIC; HUMANS; IMMUNOTHERAPY; LEUKEMIA, LYMPHOCYTIC, CHRONIC, B-CELL; MEDICAL ONCOLOGY; PATIENT SELECTION; VIDARABINE;

EID: 69049109924     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17568722     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-2-29     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. National Cancer Institute-sponsored Working Group guidelines for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: revised guidelines for diagnosis and treatment. BD Cheson JM Bennett MR Grever NE Kay MJ Keating S O'Brien KR Rai, Blood 1996 87 4990 4997 8652811
2. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A report from the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia updating the National Cancer Institute-Working Group 1996 guidelines. M Hallek BD Cheson D Catovsky F Caligaris-Cappio G Dighiero H Dohner P Hillmen MJ Keating E Montserrat KR Rai TJ Kipps, Blood 2008 111 5446 5456 10.1182/blood-2007-06-093906 18216293
3. Fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide versus fludarabine alone in first-line therapy of younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. BF Eichhorst R Busch G Hopfinger R Pasold M Hensel C Steinbrecher S Siehl U Jager M Bergmann S Stilgenbauer C Schweighofer CM Wendtner H Dohner G Brittinger B Emmerich M Hallek, Blood 2006 107 885 891 10.1182/blood-2005-06-2395 16219797
4. Phase III trial of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide compared with fludarabine for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia: US Intergroup Trial E2997. IW Flinn DS Neuberg MR Grever GW Dewald JM Bennett EM Paietta MA Hussein FR Appelbaum RA Larson DF Moore MS Tallman, J Clin Oncol 2007 25 793 798 10.1200/JCO.2006.08.0762 17283364
5. Assessment of fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (the LRF CLL4 Trial): A randomised controlled trial. D Catovsky S Richards E Matutes D Oscier MJ Dyer RF Bezares AR Pettitt T Hamblin DW Milligan JA Child MS Hamilton CE Dearden AG Smith AG Bosanquet Z Davis V Brito-Babapulle M Else R Wade P Hillmen, Lancet 2007 370 230 239 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61125-8 17658394
6. Randomized phase 2 study of fludarabine with concurrent versus sequential treatment with rituximab in symptomatic, untreated patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results from Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9712 (CALGB 9712). JC Byrd BL Peterson VA Morrison K Park RJ Jacobson E Hoke JW Vardiman K Rai CA Schiffer RA Larson, Blood 2003 101 6 14 10.1182/blood-2002-04-1258 12393429
7. Early results of a chemoimmunotherapy regimen of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab as initial therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. MJ Keating S O'Brien M Albitar S Lerner W Plunkett FJ Giles M Andreeff J Cortes S Faderl DA Thomas CA Koller W Wierda MA Detry A Lynn H Kantarjian, J Clin Oncol 2005 23 4079 4088 10.1200/JCO.2005.12.051 15767648
8. Combination chemoimmunotherapy with pentostatin, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab shows significant clinical activity with low accompanying toxicity in previously untreated B chroinc lymphocytic leukemia. NE Kay SM Geyer TG Call TD Shanafelt CS Zent DF Jelinek RC Tschumper ND Bone GW Dewald TS Lin NA Heerema L Smith MR Grever JC Byrd, Blood 2007 109 405 411 17008537 10.1182/blood-2006-07- 033274
9. Pentostatin, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab regimen in older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. TD Shanafelt TS Lin SM Geyer CS Zent N Leung B Kabat D Bowen MR Grever JC Byrd NE Kay, Cancer 2007 109 2291 2298 10.1002/cncr.22662 17514743
10. Cyclophosphamide remains an important component of treatment in CLL patients receiving pentostatin and rituximab based chemoimmunotherapy. NE Kay W Wu JC Byrd B Kabat DF Jelinek CS Zent T Call T Lin T Shanafelt, Blood 2008 112 22 10.1182/blood-2008-09-180265
11. Immunochemotherapy with fludarabine (F), cyclophosphamide (C), and rituximab (R) (FCR) versus fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) improves response rates and progression-free survival (PFS) of previously untreated patients (pts) with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). M Hallek G Fingerle-Rowson AM Fink R Busch J Mayer M Hensel G Hopfinger G Hess U von Gruenhagen MA Bergmann J Catalano PL Zinzani F Caligaris-Cappio JF Seymour A Berrebi U Jaeger B Cazin M Trneny A Westermann CM Wendtner BF Eichhorst P Staib S Boettcher M Ritgen S Stilgenbauer M Mendila M Kneba H Dohner K Fischer, Blood 2008 112 125
12. Quantitative MRD assessments predict progression free survival in CLL patients treated with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide with or without rituximab - a prospective analysis in 471 patients from the randomized GCLLSG CLL8 trial. S Boettcher K Fischer S Stilgenbauer R Busch G Fingerle-Rowson AM Fink H Dohner M Hallek M Kneba M Ritgen, Blood 2008 112 125 126
13. Phase III trial of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab vs. pentostatin, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. C Reynolds N Di Bella RM Lyons WJ Hyman GL Lee DA Richards GJ Robbins M Vellek KA Boehm F Zhan L Asmar, Blood 2008 112 126
14. Combined cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, alemtuzumab, and rituximab (CFAR), an active regimen for heavily treated patients with CLL. WG Wierda S O'Brien S Faderl A Ferrajoli F Ravandi-Kashani J Cortes FJ Giles M Andreeff CA Koller S Lerner HM Kantarjian MJ Keating, Blood 2006 108 14a
15. CFAR, an active frontline regimen for high-risk patients with CLL, including those with del 17p. WG Wierda SM O'Brien SH Faderl A Ferrajoli C Koller Z Estrov JA Burger S Lerner HM Kantarjian MJ Keating, Blood 2008 112 729
16. Bendamustine versus chlorambucil in treatment-naive patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL): Results of an international phase III study. WU Knauf T Lissichkov A Aldaoud R Herbrecht AM Liberati J Loscertales G Juliusson C Dittrich K Merkle, Blood 2007 110 609a
17. Bendamustine versus chlorambucil as first-line treatment in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: An updated analysis from an international phase III study. WU Knauf T Lissitchkov A Aldaoud AM Liberati J Loscertales R Herbrecht G Juliusson G Postner L Gercheva S Goranov MW Becker K Hoeffken F Huguet R Foa K Merkle M Montillo, Blood 2008 112 728
18. Clinical efficacy of lenalidomide in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: results of a phase II study. A Chanan-Khan KC Miller L Musial D Lawrence S Padmanabhan K Takeshita CW Porter DW Goodrich ZP Bernstein P Wallace D Spaner A Mohr C Byrne F Hernandez-Ilizaliturri C Chrystal P Starostik MS Czuczman, J Clin Oncol 2006 24 5343 5349 10.1200/JCO.2005.05.0401 17088571
19. Lenalidomide as initial treatment of elderly patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A Ferrajoli S O'Brien W Wierda S Faderl S Kornblau K Yerrow Z Estrov H Kantarjian M Keating, Blood 2008 112 23
20. A phase II study of lenalidomide in previously untreated, symptomatic chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). C Chen H Paul W Xu V Kukreti S Trudel E Wei ZH Li J Brandwein M Pantoja C Leung-Hagensteijn, Blood 2008 112 23
21. Rituximab and high-dose methylprednisolone for the initial treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with promising clinical activity and minimal hematologic toxicity. DF James JE Castro JD Sandoval-Sus S Jain J Bole L Rassenti TJ Kipps, Blood 2008 112 24 10.1182/blood-2008-02-137877
22. p53 gene deletion predicts for poor survival and non-response to therapy with purine analogs in chronic B-cell leukemias. H Dohner K Fischer M Bentz K Hansen A Benner G Cabot D Diehl R Schlenk J Coy S Stilgenbauer M Volkmann PR Galle A Poustka W Hunstein P Lichter, Blood 1995 85 1580 1589 7888675
23. Genomic aberrations and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. H Dohner S Stilgenbauer A Benner E Leupolt A Krober L Bullinger K Dohner M Bentz P Lichter, N Engl J Med 2000 343 1910 1916 10.1056/NEJM200012283432602 11136261
24. Subcutaneous alemtuzumab (Campath) in fludarabine-refractory CLL: Final results of the CLL2H trial of the GCLLSG and comprehensive analysis of prognostic markers. S Stilgenbauer T Zenz D Winkler A Buhler S Groner R Busch M Hensel U Duhrsen J Finke P Dreger U Jager E Lengfelder LH Truemper U Soling R Schlag M Hallek H Dohner, Blood 2008 112 127
25. Therapeutic role of alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) in patients who have failed fludarabine: results of a large international study. MJ Keating I Flinn V Jain J-L Binet P Hillmen JC Byrd M Albitar L Brettman P Santabarbara B Wacker KR Rai, Blood 2002 99 3554 3561 10.1182/blood.V99.10.3554 11986207
26. Bendamustine in combination with rituximab (BR) for patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): A multicentre phase II trial of the German CLL Study Group (GCLLSG). K Fischer S Stilgenbauer C Schweighofer R Busch J Renschler M Kiehl L Balleisen MJ Eckart AM Fink J Kilp M Ritgen S Bottcher M Kneba H Dohner BF Eichhorst M Hallek CM Wendtner, Blood 2008 112 128
27. Flavopiridol (Alvocidib) induces durable responses in relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities. TS Lin NA Heerema G Lozanski B Fischer KA Blum LA Andritsos JA Jones JM Flynn ME Moran SM Mitchell AJ Johnson MA Phelps MR Grever JC Byrd, Blood 2008 112 23 24
28. Safety and efficacy of ofatumumab, a fully humanized monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A phase 1-2 study. B Coiffier S Lepretre LM Pedersen O Gadeberg H Frederiksen MH van Oers J Wooldridge J Kloczko J Holowiecki A Hellmann J Walewski M Flensburg J Petersen T Robak, Blood 2008 111 1094 1100 10.1182/blood-2007-09-111781 18003886
29. Ofatumumab (HuMax-CD20), a novel CD20 monoclonal antibody, is an active treatment for patients with CLL refractory to both fludarabine and alemtuzumab or bulky fludarabine-refractory disease: Results from the planned interim analysis of an international pivotal trial. A Osterborg TJ Kipps J Mayer S Stilgenbauer CD Williams A Hellmen T Robak RR Furman P Hillmen M Trneny MJ Dyer S Padmanabhan T Kozak G Chan RL Davis N Losic CA Russell M Piotrowska J Wilms WG Wierda, Blood 2008 112 126 127
30. Lenalidomide induces complete and partial remissions in patients with relapsed and refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A Ferrajoli BN Lee EJ Schlette SM O'Brien H Gao S Wen WG Wierda Z Estrov SH Faderl EN Cohen C Li JM Reuben MJ Keating, Blood 2008 111 5291 5297 10.1182/blood-2007-12-130120 18334676