A pilot randomized trial comparing an intensive versus a standard intervention in stable HIV-infected patients with moderate - High cardiovascular risk

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Volumn 64, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 589-598

  Masiá, Mar ^a   Bernal, Enrique ^a   Padilla, Sergio ^a   García, Natalia ^a   Escribano, José C ^a   Martánez, Esteban ^b   Gutiérrez, Félix ^a  

^a HOSPITAL GENERAL UNIVERSITARIO DE ELCHE   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; HIV infection; Lipid lowering therapy; Statins

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; AMLODIPINE; ATAZANAVIR; ATORVASTATIN; BISOPROLOL; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CLOPIDOGREL; EZETIMIBE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; GLIMEPIRIDE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; INTERLEUKIN 6; IRBESARTAN; LOPINAVIR PLUS RITONAVIR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; METFORMIN; NELFINAVIR; PIOGLITAZONE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; RITONAVIR; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE INHIBITOR; ROSIGLITAZONE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VALSARTAN;

ADULT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BLOOD LEVEL; ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BILIRUBIN BLOOD LEVEL; BLOOD PRESSURE REGULATION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATINE KINASE BLOOD LEVEL; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIET THERAPY; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG DOSE INCREASE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SUBSTITUTION; DRUG TARGETING; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTED PATIENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA; INFLAMMATION; INTENSIVE CARE; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; INTERVENTION STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MYALGIA; MYOSITIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PILOT STUDY; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SECONDARY PREVENTION; SIDE EFFECT; TREATMENT DURATION; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ADULT; ANTI-HIV AGENTS; ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENTS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CAROTID ARTERIES; CHOLESTEROL, LDL; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INTERLEUKIN-6; INTERVENTION STUDIES; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PILOT PROJECTS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; TUNICA INTIMA;

EID: 69049102138     PISSN: 03057453     EISSN: 14602091     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkp250     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Triant VA, Lee H, Hadigan C et al. Increased acute myocardial infarction rates and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with human immunodeficiency virus disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92: 2506-12.
2. Klein D, Hurley L, Silverberg M et al. Surveillance data for myocardial infarction hospitalizations among HIV+ and HIV- Northern Californians: 1994-2006. In: Abstracts of the Fourteenth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Los Angeles, CA, 2007. Abstract 807. Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, Alexandria, VA, USA.
3. Currier JS, Taylor A, Boyd F et al. Coronary heart disease in HIV-infected individuals. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2003; 33 506-12.
4. Obel N, Thomsen HF, Kronborg G et al. Ischemic heart disease in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals: A population-based cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44: 1625-31.
5. Friis-Møller N, Reiss P, Sabin CA et al. Class of antiretroviral drugs and the risk of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 1723-35.
6. Carr A, Samaras K, Burton S et al. A syndrome of peripheral lipodystrophy, hyperlipidaemia and insulin resistance in patients receiving HIV protease inhibitors. AIDS 1998; 12: F51-8.
7. Bernal E, Masiá M, Padilla S et al. Insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients receiving long-term therapy with efavirenz, lopinavir/ritonavir and atazanavir. Med Clin (Barc) 2007; 129 252-4.
8. Masiá M, Padilla S, Bernal E et al. Influence of antiretroviral therapy on oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk: A prospective cross-sectional study in HIV-infected patients. Clin Ther 2007; 29: 1448-55.
9. Sabin CA, Worm SW, Weber R et al. Use of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and risk of myocardial infarction in HIA-infected patients enrolled in the D:A:D study: a multi-cohort collaboration. Lancet 2008; 371: 1417-26.
10. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third and final report. Circulation 2002; 106: 3143-321.
11. Law MG, Friis-Møller N, El-Sadr WM et al. The use of the Framingham equation to predict myocardial infarctions in HIV-infected patients: Comparison with observed events in the D:A:D Study. HIV Med 2006; 7: 218-30.
12. Stein JH, Hadigan CM, Brown TT et al. Prevention strategies for cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients. Circulation 2008; 118: E54-60.
13. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The JNC 7 Report. JAMA 2003; 289: 2560-72.
14. Lichtenstein KA, Ward DJ, Moorman AC et al. Clinical assessment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy in an ambulatory population. AIDS 2001; 15: 1389-98.
15. Masiá M, Bernal E, Padilla S et al. The role of C-reactive protein as a marker for cardiovascular risk associated with antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients. Atherosclerosis 2007; 195: 167-71.
16. Wei L, Wang J, Thompson P et al. Adherence to statin treatment and readmission of patients after myocardial infarction: A six year follow up study. Heart 2002; 88: 229-33.
17. Gutiérrez F, Bernal E, Padilla S et al. Relationship between ankle-brachial index and carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-infected patients. AIDS 2008; 22: 1369-71.
18. Bernal E, Masiá M, Padilla S et al. Low prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in HIV-infected patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2008; 47: 126-7.
19. Moyle GJ, Lloyd M, Reynolds B et al. Dietary advice with or without pravastatin for the management of hypercholesterolemia associated with protease inhibitor therapy. AIDS 2001; 15: 1503-8.
20. Baldini F, Di Giambenedetto S, Cingolani A et al. Efficacy and tolerability of pravastatin for the treatment of HIV-1 protease inhibitor associated hyperlipidaemia: A pilot study. AIDS 2000; 14: 1660-2.
21. Visnegarwala F, Maldonado M, Sajja P et al. Lipid lowering effects of statins and fibrates in the management of HIV dyslipidemias associated with antiretroviral therapy in HIV clinical practice. J Infect 2004; 49: 283-90.
22. Palacios R, Santos J, González M et al. Efficacy and safety of atorvastatin in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia associated with antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Synd 2002; 30: 536-7.
23. Negredo E, Moltó J, Puig J et al. Ezetimibe, a promising lipid-lowering agent for the treatment of dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected patients with poor response to statins. AIDS 2006; 20: 2159-64.
24. Boccara F, Simon T, Lacombe K et al. Influence of pravastatin on carotid artery structure and function in dyslipidemic HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2006; 20: 2395-8.
25. Salonen R, Nyyssönen K, Porkkala E et al. A population-based primary preventive trial of the effect of LDL lowering on atherosclerotic progression in carotid and femoral arteries. Circulation 1995; 92: 1758-64.
26. MacMahon S, Sharpe N, Gamble G et al. Effects of lowering average of below-average cholesterol levels on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis: Results of the LIPID Atherosclerosis Substudy. LIPID Trial Research Group. Circulation 1998; 97: 1784-90.
27. Mercuri M, Bond MG, Sirtori CR et al. Pravastatin reduces carotid intima-media thickness progression in an asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic mediterranean population: The Carotid Atherosclerosis Italian Ultrasound Study. Am J Med 1996; 101 627-34.
28. Sawayama Y, Shimizu C, Maeda N et al. Effects of probucol and pravastatin on common carotid atherosclerosis in patients with asymptomatic hypercholesterolemia. Fukuoka Atherosclerosis Trial (FAST). J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 610-16.
29. Bale BF, Doneen AL, Charland SL. Effect of aggressive CV risk factor management on lipoproteins and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis Supplements 2007; 8: 186.
30. Kastelein JJ, Akdim F, Stroes ES et al. Simvastatin with or without ezetimibe in familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 1431-43.
31. Hsue PY, Lo JC, Franklin A et al. Progression of atherosclerosis as assessed by carotid intima-media thickness in patients with HIV infection. Circulation 2004; 109: 1603-8.
32. Kuller L, SMART Study Group. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 and D-dimer are associated with an increased risk of death in patients with HIV. In: Abstracts of the Fifteenth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA, 2008. Abstract 139. Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, Alexandria, VA, USA.
33. Calmy A, Nguyen A, Montecucco F et al. HIV activates markers of cardiovascular risk in a randomized treatment interruption trial: STACCATO. In: Abstracts of the Fifteenth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA, 2008. Abstract 140. Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, Alexandria, VA, USA.
34. Coll B, Parra S, Alonso-Villaverde C et al. The role of immunity and inflammation in the progression of atherosclerosis in patients with HIV infection. Stroke 2007; 38: 2477-84.
35. Fichtenbaum C, Yeh TM, Evans S et al. Changes in markers of atherogenic dyslipidemia, inflammation, and platelet activation with treatment with pravastatin, fenofibrate, or the combination: Results from the ACTG A5087 team. In: Abstracts of the Fifteenth Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, MA, USA, 2008. Abstract 932. Foundation for Retrovirology and Human Health, Alexandria, VA, USA.
36. Calza L, Manfredi R, Colangeli V et al. Substitution of nevirapine or efavirenz for protease inhibitor versus lipid-lowering therapy for the management of dyslipidaemia. AIDS 2005; 19: 1051-8.
37. Thiébaut R, Aurillac-Lavignolle V et al. Change in atherosclerosis progression in HIV-infected patients: ANRS Aquitaine Cohort, 1999-2004. AIDS 2005; 19: 729-31.