Growth, yield and nutrient content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) using treated wastewater from waste stabilization ponds

Pakistan Journal of Botany

Volumn 41, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 1391-1399

  Khan, Moazzam A ^a   Shaukat, S Shahid ^a   Khan, M Altaf ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HELIANTHUS; HELIANTHUS ANNUUS;

EID: 68949189676     PISSN: 05563321     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Agunwamba, J.C. 2001. Analysis of socioeconomic and environmental impacts of waste stabilization and unrestricted wastewater irrigation. Interface with maintenance. Env. Manag., 27: 463-476.
2. Alcalde, L., G. Oron, L. Gillerman, M. Salgot and Y. Manor. 2003. Removal of faecal coliforms somatic coliphages and F- specific bacteriophages in a stabilization pond and reservoir system in arid regions. Wat. Sci. Tech., 3: 177-184.
3. Al-Jaloud, A.A., G, Hussian. A.J. Al-Saati and S. Karimulla. 1995. Effect of wastewater irrigation on mineral composition of corn and sorghum plants in a pot experiment. J. Plant Nutr., 18: 1677-1692.
4. Allen, S.E., H.M. Grimshaw and A.P. Rowland. 1986. Chemical Analysis. In: Methods in Plant Ecology, (Eds.): P.D. Moore., S.B. Chapman. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK, pp. 285-344.
5. Anonymous. 2003. Agriculture statistics of Pakistan. Ministry of Food, agriculture and Live stock. Economic wing, Islamabad.
6. Anonymous. 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 21th edition. American Public Health Association, Washington DC., USA.
7. Anonymous. 2007. Agriculture Statistics of Pakistan. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Live Stock, Food, Agriculture and Live Stock Division, Government Printer, Islamabad, Pakistan.
8. Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzyme in isolated chloroplast.I. Polyphenol oxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol., 24: 1-16.
9. Asano, T. and A.D. Levine. 1996.Wastewater reclamation and reuse in Japan. Overview and implementation examples. Wat. Sci. Tech., 34: 219-226.
10. Asano, T. and A.D. Levine. 1996. Wastewater reclamation, recycling: past, present and future. Wat. Sci. Tech., 33: 1-14.
11. Bange, M.P., G.L. Hammer and K.G. Rickert. 1997. Environmental control of potential yield of sunflower in the subtropics. Aust. J. Agric. Res., 48: 231-240.
12. Bhan, S. 1977. Studies on the optimum scheduling of irrigation, row spacing and fertilizer dose for sunflower in Central Tract of Uttar Pradesh. Ind. J. Agron., 22: 212-216.
13. Bouwer, H. and E. Idelovitch. 1987. Quality requirements for irrigation with sewage water. J. Irrig. Drain. Engr., 113: 516-535.
14. Curtis, T. P., D.D. Mara, N.G.H. Dixo and S.A. Silva. 1994. Light penetration in waste stabilization ponds. Wat. Res., 28: 1031-1038.
15. Curtis, T.P. and D.D. Mara. 1994. The effect of sunlight on mechanisms of the die off of faecal coliform bacteria in waste stabilization ponds. Research Monographs in Tropical Public Health Engineering. Dept. of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds.
16. Dalu, J.M. and J. Ndamba. 2003. Duckweed based wastewater stabilization ponds for wastewater treatment (a low cost technology for small urban areas in Zimbabwe). Phy. Chem. Earth., 28: 1147-1160.
17. Ensink, J.H.J., M. Mukhtar, W. Hoek, Van der and F. Konradsen. 2007. Simple intervention to reduce mosquito breeding in waste stabilization ponds. Trans. Royal Soci. of Trop. Medi. and Hyg., 101: 1143-1146.
18. Feigin, A., I. Ravina and J. Shalhevet. 1991. Irrigation with treated sewage effluent: Management for environmental protection. Berlin Springer-Verlag: pp. 224.
19. Fonesca, A.F., A.J. Melfi, F.A. Monteiro, C.R. Montes. V.V. Almeida and U. Herpin. 2007. Treated sewage effluent as a source of water and nitrogen for Tifton 85 bermudagrass. Agric. Wat. Manag., 87: 328-336.
20. Fonseca, A.F. A.J. Melfi and C.R. Montes. 2005b. Maize growth and changes in soil fertility after irrigation with treated sewage effluent II. Soil acidity, exchangeable cations, and sulfur, boron and heavy metals availability. Comm. Soil Sci. and Plant Analys., 36: 1983-2003.
21. Fonseca, A.F., A.J. Melfi and C.R. Montes. 2005a. Maize growth and changes in soil fertility after irrigation with treated sewage effluent I. Plant dry matter yield and soil nitrogen and phosphorus availability. Comm. Soil Sci. and Plant Analys., 36: 1965-1981.
22. Fonseca, A.F., U. Herpin, A.M. de, Pual. R.L. Victoria and A.J. Melfi. 2007. Agriculture use of treated sewage effluents: Agronomic and environmental implication and perspectives in Brazil. Science Agriculture (Piracicaba, Braz), 24: 194-209.
23. Friedel, J.K., T. Langer, C. Siebe and K. Stahr. 2000. Effects of long-term wastewater irrigation on soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass and its activities in central Mexico. Biol. Fert. Soils, 31: 414-421.
24. Gadallah, M.A.A. 1994. Effects of industrial and sewage wastewater on the concentration of soluble carbon, nitrogen and some mineral elements in sunflower plants. J. Plant. Nutr., 17: 1369-1384.
25. Harper, J.L., P.H. Lovell and K.G. Moore. 1970. Shapes and sizes of seeds. Ann. Rev. Ecol. Sys., 1: 327-356.
26. Khan, M. A. and S.I. Ahmad. 1992. Performance evaluation of waste stabilization ponds in subtropical region. Wat. Sci. Tech., 26: 1717-1728.
27. Khan, M.A., S.S. Shaukat, I. Hashmi and M.A. Khan. 2001. Pollution profile of farm vegetables and tube well water in Karachi and its adjoining area. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 4: 196-191.
28. Khan, M.A., S.S. Shaukat, M.A. Khan. 2008. Economic benefits from irrigation of maize with treated effluent of Waste Stabilization Ponds. Pak. J. Bot., 40: 1091-1098.
29. Mara, D.D. and H.W. Pearson. 1998. Design Manual for Waste Stabilization Ponds in Mediterranean Countries. European Investment Bank. Mediterranean Environmental Technical Assistance Programme. Lagoon Technology International Leeds, UK.
30. Marcos do Monte, M.H., Angelakis and A.N.T. Asano. 1996. Necessity and basis for establishment European guidelines for reclaimed wastewater in the Mediterranean region. Wat. Sci. Technol., 33: 303-316.
31. Mekki, A., A. Dhoub and S. Sayadi. 2006. Changes in microbial and soil properties following amendment with treated and untreated olive mill wastewater. Microbiol. Res., 16: 93-101.
32. Meo, A.A., F. Baig and M.A. Khan. 2000. Response of water stress and nitrogen fertilizer on fresh matter production of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Pak. J. Agric. Sci., 36: 60-62.
33. Pal, M. 1981. Effect of soil moisture regimes and fertility levels on yield and quality of sunflower varieties. Ind. J. of Agric. Res., 15: 74-78.
34. Papadopoulos, I. and S. Savvides. 2003. Optimization of the use of nitrogen in the treated wastewater reuse for irrigation. Wat. Sci. Technol., 3: 217-221.
35. Pollice, A., A. Lopez, G. Laera, P. Rubino and A. Lonigro. 2004. Tertiary filtered municipal wastewater as alternative water source in agriculture a field investigation in Southern Italy. Sci. Tot. Envt., 324: 201-210.
36. Ramirez-Fuentes, E., C. Lucho-Constantino, E. Escamilla-Silva and L. Dendooven. 2002. Characteristics and carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soil irrigated with wastewater for different length of time. Bioresource Technol., 85: 179-187.
37. Shah, N.A., H. Shah and N. Akmal. 2005. Sunflower area and production variability in Pakistan: Opportunities and constraints. Helia, 28: 165-178.
38. Toze, S. 2006. Reuse of effluent water-benefits and risks. Agric. Wat. Manag., 80: 147-159.
39. Tsadilas, D.C. 1999. Recycling of municipal wastes in agriculture II. Irrigation of corn with treated municipal wastewater. Proceedings of R 99 4th World Congress, Geneva, 2-5 February: 263-268.
40. Tsadilas, D.C. and P.S. Vakalis. 2003. Economic benefit from irrigation of cotton and corn with treated wastewater. Wat. Sci. Technol., 3: 223-229.
41. Vazquez-Montiel, O.N.J. Horan and D.D. Mara. 1996. Management of domestic wastewater for reuse in irrigation. Wat. Sci. Technol., 33: 355-362.
42. Vivek, I., S. Chakor and H.K. Sharma. 1994. Effect of moisture regimes and nitrogen levels on seed yield of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Ind. J. Agron., 39: 142-143.
43. Zar, J.H. 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. 4th Ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Engelwood Cliffs. N.J. USA.