Optimal injection design for resin transfer molding with in situ permeability measurement and process simulation

Journal of Composite Materials

Volumn 43, Issue 16, 2009, Pages 1695-1712

  Jing, Li ^a   Xiang, Fu ^a   Zhang, Chuck ^a   Liang, Richard ^a   Wang, Ben ^a  

^a FAMU FSU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING   (United States)

Author keywords

Flow control; Hardware in the loop simulation; Permeability; Resin transfer molding

Indexed keywords

DESIGN APPROACHES; HARDWARE-IN-THE-LOOP-SIMULATION; IN-SITU; MOLDING PROCESS; OPEN LOOP CONTROL; OPTIMAL INJECTION; PART QUALITY; PERMEABILITY; PERMEABILITY CHANGE; PERMEABILITY ESTIMATION; PERMEABILITY MEASUREMENTS; PROCESS SIMULATIONS; QUALITY PRODUCT; RESIN FLOWS; STRUCTURAL COMPOSITES;

ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION; CAPILLARITY; FLOW CONTROL; FLOW SIMULATION; GAS PERMEABILITY; MOLDING; PREFORMING; RESINS; SYNTHETIC APERTURES;

RESIN TRANSFER MOLDING;

EID: 68949101789     PISSN: 00219983     EISSN: 1530793X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0021998309339633     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Scheidegger, A.E. (1974). The Physics of Flow Through Porous Media, MacMillan, New York.
2. Gauvin, R. and Trochu, F. (1998). Key Issues in Numerical Simulation for Liquid Composite Molding Processes, Polymer Composites, 19 (3). 233-240.
3. Lee, J., Young, W.B. and Lin, R.J. (1994). Mold Filling and Cure Modeling of RTM and SCRIM Processes, Composites Structure, 27: 109-120.
4. Young, W.B. (1994). Three-dimensional Nonisothermal Mold Filling Simulations in Resin Transfer Molding, Polymer Composites, 15 (2). 118-127.
5. Liu, B., Bickerton, S. and Advani, S.G. (1996). Modeling and Simulation of Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) - Gate Control, Venting and Dry Spot Prediction, Composites: Part A, 274 (2). 135-141.
6. Um, M.K. and Lee, W.I. (1991). A Study on Mold Filling Process in Resin Transfer Molding, Polymer Engineering and Science, 31 (11). 765-771.
7. Yoo, Y.E. and Lee, W.I. (1996). Numerical Simulation of the Resin Transfer Mold Filling Process Using Boundary Element Method, Polymer Composites, 17 (3). 368-374.
8. Lekakou, C., Johari, M.A.K., Norman, D. and Bader, M.G. (1996). Measurement Techniques and Effects on In-plane Permeability of Woven Cloths in Resin Transfer Molding, Composites: Part A, 27 (5). 401-408.
9. Parnas, R.S., Flynn, K.M. and Dal Favero, M.E. (1997). A Permeability Database for Composites Manufacturing, Polymer Composites, 18 (5). 623-633.
10. Carter, E.J., Fell, A.W., Griffin, P.R. and Summerscales, J. (1996). Data Validation Procedures for the Automated Determination of the Two-dimensional Permeability Tensor of a Fabric Reinforcement, Composites: Part A, 27 (4). 255-261.
11. Ferland, P., Guitard, D. and Trochu, F. (1996). Concurrent Methods for Permeability Measurement in Resin Transfer Molding, Polymer Composites, 17 (1). 149-158.
12. Weitzenbock, J.R., Shenoi, R.A. and Wilson, P.A. (1998). Measurement of Three-dimensional Permeability, Composites: Part A, 29 (1). 159-169.
13. Luo, Y., Verpoest, I., Hoes, K., Vanheule, M., Sol, H. and Cardon, A. (2001). Permeability Measurement of Textile Reinforcements with Several Test Liquids, Composites: Part A, 32 (10). 1497-1504.
14. Bickerton, S., Advani, S.G., Mohan, R.V. and Shires, D.R. (2000). Experimental Analysis and Numerical Modeling of Flow Channel Effects in Resin Transfer Molding, Polymer Composites, 21 (1). 134-153.
15. Devillard, M., Hsiao, K.-T., Gokce, A. and Advani, S.G. (2003). On-line Characterization of Bulk Permeability and Race-tracking During the Filling Stage in Resin Transfer Molding Process, Journal of Composite Materials, 37 (17). 1525-1541.
16. Pan, R., Liang, Z., Zhang, C. and Wang, B. (2000). Statistical Characterization of Fiber Permeability for Composite Manufacturing, Polymer Composites, 21 (6). 996-1006. (Pubitemid 32159864)
17. Padmanabhan, S.K. and Pitchumani, R. (1999). Stochastic Modeling of Nonisothermal Flow During Resin Transfer Molding, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 42 (16). 3057-3070.
18. Berker, B., Barooah, P. and Sun, J.Q. (1997). Sequential Logic Control of Injection Molding with Automatic Vents and Vent-to-Gate Converters, Journal of Materials Processing and Manufacturing Science, 6 (2). 81-103.
19. Berker, B. and Sun, J.Q. (1998). Adaptive Control and On-line Permeability Estimation of Resin Transfer Molding for Composite Materials, Journal of Materials Processing and Manufacturing Science, 6 (3). 193-204.
20. Berker, B., Barooah, P. and Sun, J.Q. (1999). Sensor Based Modeling and Control of Fluid Flow in Resin Transfer Molding, Journal of Materials Processing and Manufacturing Science, 7 (2). 195-214.
21. Yoon, M.K., Barooah, P., Berker, B. and Sun, J.Q. (1999). Permeability and Porosity Estimation in Resin Transfer Molding Process, Journal of Materials Processing and Manufacturing Science, 7 (2). 173-184.
22. Barooah, P., Berker, B. and Sun, J.Q. (1998). Lineal Sensors for Liquid Injection Molding of Advanced Composite Materials, Journal of Materials Processing and Manufacturing Science, 6 (3). 169-184.
23. Barooah, P., Berker, B. and Sun, J.Q. (2001). Integrated Switching and Feedback Control for Mold Filling in Resin Transfer Molding, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 123 (2). 240-247.
24. Lawrence, J.M., Hsiao, K.-T., Don, R.C., Simacek, P., Estrada, G., Sozer, E.M., Stadtfeld, H.C. and Advani, S.G. (2002). An Approach to Couple Mold Design and On-line Control to Manufacture Complex Composite Parts by Resin Transfer Molding, Composites: Part A, 33 (7). 981-990.
25. Sozera, E.M., Bickertonb, S. and Advani, S.G. (2000). On-line Strategic Control of Liquid Composite Mould Filling Process, Composites: Part A, 31 (12). 1383-1394.
26. Bickerton, S., Stadtfeld, H.C., Steiner, K.V. and Advani, S.G. (2001). Design and Application of Actively Controlled Injection Schemes for Resin-Transfer Molding, Composites Science and Technology, 61 (11). 1625-1637.
27. Kueha, R.M.S., Parnas, R.S. and Advani, S.G. (2002). A Methodology for Using Long-period Gratings and Mold-filling Simulations to Minimize the Intrusiveness of Flow Sensors in Liquid Composite Molding, Composites Science and Technology, 62 (2). 311-327.
28. Gokce, A. and Advani, S.G. (2003). Gate Effectiveness in Controlling Resin Advance in Liquid Composite Molding Processes, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 125: 548-555.
29. Ding, L., Shih, C., Liang, Z., Zhang, C. and Wang, B. (2003). In-Situ Measurement and Monitoring of Whole-field Permeability Profile of Fiber Preform for Liquid Composite Molding Processes, Composites: Part A, 34 (8). 779-789.
30. Ding, L. (2001). In-situ and On-line Monitoring of Fiber Preform Permeability Variations for Resin Transfer Molding, Masters Thesis, Florida State University.
31. Nilsson, L. and Stenstroem, S. (1997). A Study of the Permeability of Pulp and Paper, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 23 (1). 131-153.