Indoor allergens in minnesota schools and child care centers

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Volumn 6, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 582-591

  Tranter, Daniel C ^a   Wobbema, Amanda Teresa ^b   Norlien, Kathleen ^a   Dorschner, Dale F ^a  

^a MINNESOTA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH   (United States)

^b Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Minnesota   (United States)

Author keywords

Asthma triggers; Environmental interventions; Indoor environmental quality

Indexed keywords

ALLERGEN; HOUSE DUST ALLERGEN; VINYL DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; BUILDING; CAT; CHILD CARE; CLEANING; COCKROACH; DERMATOPHAGOIDES PTERONYSSINUS; DOG; ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION; FUNGUS CULTURE; FURNITURE; HEALTH CENTER; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; PRIMARY SCHOOL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESERVOIR; ROOM VENTILATION; SCHOOL; SCHOOL HYGIENE; SENSITIZATION; UNITED STATES;

ALLERGENS; ANIMALS; CATS; CHILD; CHILD DAY CARE CENTERS; COCKROACHES; DOGS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMANS; MINNESOTA; PYROGLYPHIDAE; SCHOOLS; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

EID: 68849111952     PISSN: 15459624     EISSN: 15459632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15459620903103454     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Tranter, D.C.: Indoor allergens in settled school dust: A review of findings and significant factors. Clin. Exp. Allergy 35:126-136 (2005).
2. Fernandez-Caldas, E., R. Condina, D.K. Ledford, W.K. Trudeau, and R.F. Lockey: House dust mite, cat, and cockroach allergen concentrations in daycare centers in Tampa, Florida. Ann. Allergy. Asthma. Immunol. 87:196-200 (2001).
3. Rullo, V.E.V., M.C. Rizzo, L.K. Arruda, D. Sole, and C.K. Naspitz: Daycare centers and schools as sources of exposure to mites, cockroach, and endotoxin in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 110(4):582-588 (2002).
4. Munir, A.K.M., R. Einarsson, and S. Dreborg: Allergen avoidance in a day-care center. Allergy 51:36-41(1996).
5. Arbes, S.J., M. Sever, J. Mehta, N. Collette, B. Thomas, and D.C. Zeldin: Exposure to indoor allergens in day-care facilities: Results from 2 North Carolina counties. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 116:133-139 (2005).
6. Instanes, C., G. Hetland, S. Bernsten, M. Lovik, and P. Nafstad: Allergens and endotoxin in settled dust from day-care centers and schools in Oslo, Norway. Indoor Air 15(5):356-362 (2005).
7. Engelhart, S., T. Bieber, and M. Exner: House dust mite allergen levels in German day-care centers. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 205(6):453-457 (2002).
8. Munir, A.K., R. Einarsson, and S. Dreborg: Mite (Der p 1, Der f 1), cat (Fel d 1) and dog (Can f 1) allergens in dust. Clin. Exp. Allergy 25(2):119-126 (1995).
9. Dornelas de Andrade, A., D. Charpin, J. Birnbaum, A. Lanteaume, M. Chapman, and D. Vervloet: Indoor allergen levels in day nurseries. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 95(6):1158-1163 (1995).
10. Einarsson, P., M. Hedren, P. Malmberg, and M. Wickman: Cat allergen (Fel d 1) in day-care centers in an immigrant dominated area. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 101:S82 (1998).
11. Wickens, K., I. Martin, N. Pearce, et al.: House dust mite allergen levels in public place in New Zealand. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 99:587-593 (1997).
12. Wickman, M., A.-C. Egmar, G. Emenius, et al.: Fel d 1 and Can f 1 in settled dust and airborne Fel d 1 in allergen avoidance day-care centers for atopic children in relation to number of pet-owners, ventilation, and general cleaning. Clin. Exp. Allergy 29:626-632 (1999).
13. Viet, S.M., J. Rogers, D. Marker, A. Fraser, and M. Bailey: First National Environmental Health Survey of Child Care Centers: Analysis of Allergen Levels on Floors. Rockville, Md.: Westat Publications, 2009.
14. Ramachandran, G., J.L. Adgate, D. Jones, G. Fischer, A. Fredrickson, and K. Sexton: Indoor air quality in two urban elementary schools: Comfort parameters and microbial concentrations in air and carpets. In Proceedings, 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 2002, San Francisco, pp. 461-465. Santa Cruz, Calif: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 2002.
15. Luczynska, C.M., L.K. Arruda, T.A.E. Platts-Mills, J.D. Miller, M. Lopez, and M. Chapman: A two site monoclonal antibody ELISA for the quantification of the major Dermatophagoides spp. allergens Der p 1 and Der f 1. J. Immunol. Methods 118(2):416-427 (1989).
16. Chapman, M.D., P.W. Heymann, S.R. Wilkins, M.J. Brown, and T.A.E. Platts-Mills: Monoclonal immunoassays for major dust mite (Dermatophagoides) allergens, Der p 1 and Der f 1, and quantitative analysis of the allergen content of mite and house dust extracts. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 80(2):184-194 (1987).
17. Pollart, S.M., D.E. Mullins, and L.D. Vailes: Identification, quantitation, and purification of cockroach allergens using monoclonal antibodies. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 87:511-521 (1991).
18. Ashley, P., J.R. Menkedick, M.A. Wooton, J. Gaitens, and J. Anderson: Healthy Homes Issues: Residential Assessment. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Housing and Urban Development, 2006.
19. Institute of Medicine: Executive Summary. In Clearing the Air: Asthma and Indoor Air Exposures. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, 2000. pp. 1-18.
20. Platts-Mills, T.A.: Allergens derived from arthropods and domestic animals. In Indoor Air Quality Handbook, J.D. Spengler, J.M. Samet and J.F. McCarthy (eds.). New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001. pp. 43.1-43.12.
21. Dreborg, S.: Mite allergens. Collection, determination, expression of results, and risk levels for sensitization and symptom reduction. Allergy 53(48):88-91 (1998).
22. Platts-Mills, T.A., M.D. Chapman, S.M. Pollart, P.W. Heymann, and C.M. Luczynska: Establishing health standards for indoor foreign proteins related to asthma: Dust mite, cat, and cockroach. Toxicol. Ind. Health 6(2):197-208 (1990).
23. Platts-Mills, T.A.E., D. Vervloet, W.R. Thomas, R.C. Aalberse, and M.D. Chapman: Indoor allergens and asthma: Report of the third international workshop. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 100(6):S2-S24 (1997).
24. Tortolero, S.R., K. Bartholomew, S. Tyrrell, et al.: Environmental allergens and irritants in schools: A focus on asthma. J. Sch. Health 72(1):33-38 (2002).
25. AIHA: Field Guide for the Determination of Biological Contaminants in Environmental Samples. Fairfax, Va.: AIHA Press, 1996.
26. Heinrich, J., B. Hoelscher, and J. Douwes: Reproducibility of allergen, endotoxin, and airborne fungi for homes in Southern Taiwan. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 13(2): 152-160 (2003).
27. Chew, G., K. Higgins, D. Gold, M. Muilenberg, and H. Burge: Monthly measurements of indoor allergens and the influence of housing type in a northeastern US city. Allergy 54(10): 1058-1066 (1999).
28. Foarde, K., and M. Berry: Comparison of biocontaminant levels associated with hard vs. carpet floors in nonproblem schools: Results of a year long study. J. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 14:S41-S48 (2004).
29. Arbes, S.J., M. Sever, J. Mehta, et al.: Abatement of cockroach allergens (bla g 1 and bla g 2) in low-income, urban housing: Month 12 continuation results. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 113:109-114 (2004).
30. Perzanowski, M.S., E. Ronmark, B. Nold, B. Lundback, and T.A. Platts-Mills: Relevance of allergens from cats and dogs to asthma in the northernmost province of Sweden: Schools as a major site of exposure. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 103(6):1018-1024 (1999).
31. Sarpong, S.B., R.A. Wood, T. Karrison, and P.A. Eggleston: Cockroach allergen (Bla g 1) in school dust. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 99:486-492 (1997).
32. Amir, S., M.E. Bollinger, M. Myers, et al.: Environmental allergens and asthma in urban elementary schools. Ann. Allergy. Asthma Immunol. 90:34-40 (2003).
33. Mi, Y.-H., L. Elfman, S. Eriksson, et al.: Indoor allergens in schools: A comparison between Sweden and China. In Proceedings, 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 2002, San Francisco. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 2002. pp. 449-454.
34. Custovic, A., R. Green, C.O. Taggart, et al.: Domestic allergens in public places II: Dog (Can f 1) and cockroach (Bla g 2) allergens in dust and mite, cat, dog, and cockroach allergens in the air of public buildings. Clin. Exp. Allergy 26:1246-1252 (1996).
35. Zhang, L., F.T. Chew, S.Y. Soh, et al.: Prevalence and distribution of indoor allergens in Singapore. Clin. Exp. Allergy 27:876-885 (1997).
36. Godish, D.R., and C. Russell: Prevalence and quantity of selected allergens in Indiana elementary school classrooms. In Proceedings, 8th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 1999, Edinburgh, Scotland. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 1999. pp. 273-278.
37. Cho, S.J., G. Ramachandran, J. Grengs, A.D. Ryan, L.E. Eberly, and J.L. Adgate: Longitudinal evaluation of allergen and culturable fungal concentrations in inner-city households. J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 5:107-118 (2008).
38. Custovic, A., C.O. Taggart S, and A. Woodcock: House dust mite and cat allergens in different indoor environments. Clin. Exp. Allergy 24:1164-1168 (1994).
39. Dybendal, T., and S. Elsayed: Dust from carpeted and smooth floors. VI Allergens in homes compared with those in schools. Allergy 49:-210-216 (1994).
40. Zock, J.P., and B. Brunekreef: House dust mite allergen levels in dust from schools with smooth and carpeted floors. Clin. Exp. Allergy 25:549-553 (1995).
41. Warner, J.A.: Environmental allergen exposure in homes and schools. Clin. Exp. Allergy 22:1044-1045 (1992).
42. Einarsson, R., A.K.M. Munir, and S.K.G. Dreborg: Allergens in school dust: II. Major mite (Der p 1 Der f 1) allergens in dust from Swedish schools. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 95(5):1049-1053 (1995).
43. Berge, M., A.K. Munir, and S. Dreborg: Concentrations of cat (Fel D 1), dog (Can f 1), and mite (Der f 1 and Der p 1) allergens in the clothing and school environment of Swedish schoolchildren with and without pets at home. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 9:25-30 (1998).
44. Bates, J.M., and D.J. Mahaffy: Relationships of reported allergy symptoms, relative humidity, and airborne biologicals in thirteen Florida classrooms. In Proceedings, 7th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 1996, Nagoya, Japan. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 1996. pp. 551-556.
45. Smedje, G., D. Norback, and C. Edling: Asthma among secondary schoolchildren in relation to the school environment. Clin. Exp. Allergy 27:1270-1278 (1997).
46. Dotterud, L.K., T.D. Van, B. Kvammen, T. Dybendal, S. Elsayed, and E.S. Falk: Allergen content in dust from homes and schools in northern Norway in relation to sensitization and allergy symptoms in schoolchildren. Clin. Exp. Allergy 27:252-261 (1997).
47. Walinder, R., D. Norback, G. Wieslander, G. Smedje, C. Erwell, and P. Venge: Nasal patency and lavage biomarkers in relation to settled dust and cleaning routines in schools. Scand. J. Work. Environ. Health 25(2):137-143 (1999).
48. Dungy, C.I., P.P. Kozak, J. Gallup, and S.P. Galant: Aeroallergen exposure in the elementary school setting. Ann. Allergy 56(3):218-221 (1986).
49. Smedje, G., D. Norback, and E. Christer: Subjective indoor air quality in schools in relation to exposure. In Proceedings, 7th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 1996, Nagoya, Japan. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 1996. pp. 143-150.
50. Dybendal, T., and S. Elsayed: Dust from carpeted and smooth floors. V. Cat (Fel d 1) and mite (Der p 1 and Der f 1) allergen levels in school dust. Demonstration of the basophil histamine release induced by dust from classrooms. Clin. Exp. Allergy 22:1100-1106 (1992).
51. Karlsson, A.-S., A. Renstrom, M. Hedren, and K. Larsson: Comparison of four allergen-sampling methods in conventional and allergy prevention classrooms. Clin. Exp. Allergy 32:1776-1781 (2002).
52. Patchett, K., S. Lewis, J. Crane, and P. Fitzharris: Cat allergen (Fel d 1) levels on school children's clothing and in primary school classrooms in Wellington, New Zealand. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 100(6, Part 1):755-759 (1997).
53. Munir, A.K., R. Einarsson, C. Schou, and S.K. Dreborg: Allergens in school dust. I. The amount of major cat (Fel d I) and dog (Can f I) allergens in dust from Swedish schools is high enough to probably cause perennial symptoms in most children with asthma who are sensitized to cat and dog. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 91:1067-1074 (1993).
54. Smedje, G., and D. Norback: Factors affecting the concentration of pollutants in school buildings. In Proceedings, 8th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 1999, Edinburgh, Scotland. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 1999. pp. 267-272.
55. Smedje, G.: Cleaning in relation to particles and allergen at school. In Proceedings, 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 2002, San Francisco. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 2002. pp. 110-113.
56. Smedje, G., and D. Norback: Incidence of asthma diagnosis and self-reported allergy in relation to the school environment: A four-year follow-up study in schoolchildren. Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. 5(11): 1059-1066 (2001).
57. Munir, A.K.M.: Environmental factors influencing the levels of indoor allergens. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 6(7):13-21 (1995).
58. Karlsson, A.-S., B. Andersson, A. Renstrom, J. Svedmyr, K. Larsson, and M.P. Borres: Airborne cat allergen reduction in classrooms that use special clothing or ban pet ownership. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 113(6):1172-1177 (2004).
59. Karlsson, A.-S., M. Hedren, C. Almqvist, K. Larsson, and A. Renstrom: Evaluation of the petri dish sampling method of cat allergen in airborne dust. Allergy 57:164-168 (2002).
60. Dybendal, T., H. Vik, and S. Elsayed: Dust from carpeted and smooth floors. II Antigenic and allergenic content of dust vacuumed from carpeted and smooth floors in schools under routine cleaning schedules. Allergy 44:401-411 (1989).
61. Dybendal, T., W.C. Wedberg, and S. Elsayed: Dust from carpeted and smooth floors. IV Solid material, proteins, and allergens collected in the different filter stages of vacuum cleaners after ten days use in schools. Allergy 46:427-435 (1991).
62. Dybendal, T., T. Hetland, H. Vik, J. Apold, and S. Elsayed: Dust from carpeted and smooth floors. I: Comparative measurements of antigenic and allergenic proteins in dust vacuumed from carpeted and non-carpeted classrooms in Norwegian schools. Clin. Exp. Allergy 19:217-224 (1989).
63. Smedje, G., and D. Norback: Irritants and allergens in relation to furnishings and cleaning. Indoor Air 11:127-133 (2001).
64. Smedje, G., and D. Norback: The school environment - Is it related to the incidence of asthma in the pupils? In Proceedings, 8th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 1999, Edinburgh, Scotland. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 1999. pp. 445-450.
65. Franke, D.L., E.C. Cole, K.E. Leese, K.K. Foarde, and M. Berry: Cleaning for improved indoor air quality: An initial assessment of effectiveness. Indoor Air 7:41-54 (1997).
66. Pesonen-Leinonen, E.: The effects of cleaning on concentrations of surface dust and airborne particles. In Proceedings, 9th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Indoor Air 2002, San Francisco. Santa Cruz, Calif.: International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, 2002. pp. 114-119.
67. Arbes, S.J., R.D. Cohn, M. Yin, M.L. Muilenberg, W. Friedman, and D.C. Zeldin: Dog allergen (Can f 1) and cat allergen (Fel d 1) in US homes: Results from the national survey of lead and allergens in housing. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 114(1):111-117 (2004).
68. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA): Indoor Air Quality Tools for Schools Action Kit. Document Ref No. 402-K-95-001. Washington, D.C.: USEPA, 2000.