메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 5, 2009, Pages

Low lower crustal velocity across Ethiopia: Is the Main Ethiopian Rift a narrow rift in a hot craton?

Author keywords

Continental extension; Continental lithosphere; Ethiopia; Receiver functions; Surface wave inversion

Indexed keywords


EID: 68849084427     PISSN: 15252027     EISSN: 15252027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2008GC002293     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (104)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 0031862973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petrography and geochemistry of basaltic and rhyodacitic rocks from Lake Tana and the Gimjabet-Kosober areas (North Central Ethiopia)
    • doi:10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00140-1
    • Abate, B., C. Koeberl, P. C. Buchanan, and W. Korner (1998), Petrography and geochemistry of basaltic and rhyodacitic rocks from Lake Tana and the Gimjabet-Kosober areas (North Central Ethiopia), J. Afr. Earth Sci., 26, 119-134, doi:10.1016/S0899-5362(97)00140-1.
    • (1998) J. Afr. Earth Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 119-134
    • Abate, B.1    Koeberl, C.2    Buchanan, P.C.3    Korner, W.4
  • 2
    • 1542378105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition of the lower crust of the Arabian Plate: A xenolith perspective
    • DOI 10.1016/j.lithos.2003.08.003
    • Al-Mishwat, A. T., and S. J. Nasir (2004), Composition of the lower crust of the Arabian Plate: A xenolith perspective, Lithos, 72, 45-72, doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2003.08.003. (Pubitemid 38300672)
    • (2004) Lithos , vol.72 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 45-72
    • Al-Mishwat, A.T.1    Nasir, S.J.2
  • 3
    • 0034801185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal thickness and evolution of Precambrian lithosphere: A global study
    • doi:10.1029/ 2000JB900439
    • Artemieva, I. M., and W. D. Mooney (2001), Thermal thickness and evolution of Precambrian lithosphere: A global study, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 16,387-16,414, doi:10.1029/ 2000JB900439.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 16387-16414
    • Artemieva, I.M.1    Mooney, W.D.2
  • 4
    • 1942424810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into rifting from shear wave splitting and receiver functions: An example from Ethiopia
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02206.x
    • Ayele, A., G.W. Stuart, and J.-M. Kendall (2004), Insights into rifting from SKS splitting and receiver functions: An example from Ethiopia, Geophys. J. Int., 157, 354-362, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2004.02206.x. (Pubitemid 38516868)
    • (2004) Geophysical Journal International , vol.157 , Issue.1 , pp. 354-362
    • Ayele, A.1    Stuart, G.2    Kendall, J.-M.3
  • 5
    • 0029749980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A brief Oligocene period of flood volcanism in Yemen
    • doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00229-6
    • Baker, J., L. Snee, and M. Menzies (1996), A brief Oligocene period of flood volcanism in Yemen, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 138, 39-55, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(95)00229-6.
    • (1996) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.138 , pp. 39-55
    • Baker, J.1    Snee, L.2    Menzies, M.3
  • 6
    • 22744443247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper-mantle seismic structure in a region of incipient continental breakup: Northern Ethiopian rift
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02666.x
    • Bastow, I. D., G. W. Stuart, J.-M. Kendall, and C. J. Ebinger (2005), Upper-mantle seismic structure in a region of incipient continental breakup: Northern Ethiopian rift, Geophys. J. Int., 162, 479-493, doi:10.1111/j.1365- 246X.2005.02666.x. (Pubitemid 41632718)
    • (2005) Geophysical Journal International , vol.162 , Issue.2 , pp. 479-493
    • Bastow, I.D.1    Stuart, G.W.2    Kendall, J.-M.3    Ebinger, C.J.4
  • 7
    • 67849097843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper mantle seismic structure beneath the Ethiopian hot spot: Rifting at the edge of the African low-velocity anomaly
    • doi:10.1029/2008GC002107
    • Bastow, I. D., A. A. Nyblade, G. W. Stuart, T. O. Rooney, and M. H. Benoit (2008), Upper mantle seismic structure beneath the Ethiopian hot spot: Rifting at the edge of the African low-velocity anomaly, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q12022, doi:10.1029/2008GC002107.
    • (2008) Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. , vol.9
    • Bastow, I.D.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Stuart, G.W.3    Rooney, T.O.4    Benoit, M.H.5
  • 8
    • 33645047890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distributed Nubia-Somalia relative motion and dike intrusion in the Main Ethiopian Rift
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006. 02904.x
    • Bendick, R., S. McClusky, R. Bilham, L. Asfaw, and S. Klemperer (2006), Distributed Nubia-Somalia relative motion and dike intrusion in the Main Ethiopian Rift, Geophys. J. Int., 165, 303-310, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006. 02904.x.
    • (2006) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.165 , pp. 303-310
    • Bendick, R.1    McClusky, S.2    Bilham, R.3    Asfaw, L.4    Klemperer, S.5
  • 10
    • 33646804524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Upper mantle P-wave speed variations beneath Ethiopia and the origin of the Afar hotspot
    • DOI 10.1130/G22281.1
    • Benoit, M. H., A. A. Nyblade, and J. C. VanDecar (2006a), Upper mantle P wave speed variations beneath Ethiopia and the origin of the Afar hotspot, Geology, 34, 329-332, doi:10.1130/G22281.1. (Pubitemid 43757614)
    • (2006) Geology , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 329-332
    • Benoit, M.H.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    VanDecar, J.C.3
  • 11
    • 33845664400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal thinning between the Ethiopian and East African plateaus from modeling Rayleigh wave dispersion
    • DOI 10.1029/2006GL025687
    • Benoit, M. H., A. A. Nyblade, and M. E. Pasyanos (2006b), Crustal thinning between the Ethiopian and East African Plateaus from modeling Rayleigh wave dispersion, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L13301, doi:10.1029/2006GL025687. (Pubitemid 44945920)
    • (2006) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.33 , Issue.13
    • Benoit, M.H.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Pasyanos, M.E.3
  • 12
    • 0003070946 scopus 로고
    • Ophiolites in northeast and East Africa: Implications for Proterozoic crustal growth
    • doi:10.1144/gsjgs.147.1.0041
    • Berhe, S. M. (1990), Ophiolites in northeast and East Africa: Implications for Proterozoic crustal growth, J. Geol. Soc., 147, 41-57, doi:10.1144/gsjgs.147.1.0041.
    • (1990) J. Geol. Soc. , vol.147 , pp. 41-57
    • Berhe, S.M.1
  • 13
    • 20044368336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the Main Ethiopian Rift in the frame of Afar and Kenya rifts propagation
    • DOI 10.1029/2004TC001680, TC1007
    • Bonini, M., G. Corti, F. Innocenti, P. Manetti, F. Mazzarini, T. Abebe, and Z. Pecskay (2005), Evolution of the Main Ethiopian Rift in the frame of Afar and Kenya rifts propagation, Tectonics, 24, TC1007, doi:10.1029/2004TC001680. (Pubitemid 40771279)
    • (2005) Tectonics , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-21
    • Bonini, M.1    Corti, G.2    Innocenti, F.3    Manetti, P.4    Mazzarini, F.5    Abebe, T.6    Pecskay, Z.7
  • 14
    • 0347600415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Narrow rifts vs. wide rifts: Inferences for the mechanics of rifting from laboratory experiments
    • doi:10.1098/rsta.1999.0349
    • Brun, J.-P. (1999), Narrow rifts vs. wide rifts: Inferences for the mechanics of rifting from laboratory experiments, Philos. Trans. R. Soc., 357, 695-712, doi:10.1098/rsta.1999.0349.
    • (1999) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. , vol.357 , pp. 695-712
    • Brun, J.-P.1
  • 15
    • 0026302656 scopus 로고
    • Modes of continental lithospheric extension
    • doi:10.1029/ 91JB01485
    • Buck, W. R. (1991), Modes of continental lithospheric extension, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 20,161-20,178, doi:10.1029/ 91JB01485.
    • (1991) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.96 , pp. 20161-20178
    • Buck, W.R.1
  • 16
    • 0002180872 scopus 로고
    • Tectonic escape in the evolution of the continental crust
    • edited by M. Barazangi and L. Brown, AGU, Washington, D. C
    • Burke, K., and A. M. C. Sengor (1986), Tectonic escape in the evolution of the continental crust, in Reflection Seismology: The Continental Crust, Geodyn. Ser., vol. 14, edited by M. Barazangi and L. Brown, pp. 41-53, AGU, Washington, D. C.
    • (1986) Reflection Seismology: The Continental Crust, Geodyn. Ser. , vol.14 , pp. 41-53
    • Burke, K.1    Sengor, A.M.C.2
  • 17
    • 0142199484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inferring upper-mantle temperatures from seismic velocities
    • doi:10.1016/ S0031-9201(03)00156-0
    • Cammarano, F., S. Goes, P. Vacher, and D. Giardini (2003), Inferring upper-mantle temperatures from seismic velocities, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 138, 197-222, doi:10.1016/ S0031-9201(03)00156-0.
    • (2003) Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. , vol.138 , pp. 197-222
    • Cammarano, F.1    Goes, S.2    Vacher, P.3    Giardini, D.4
  • 18
    • 24944440435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure in southern Korea from joint analysis of teleseismic receiver functions and surface-wave dispersion
    • DOI 10.1785/0120040080
    • Chang, S.-J., and C.-E. Baag (2005), Crustal structure in Southern Korea from joint analysis for teleseismic receiver functions and surface-wave dispersion, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 95, 1516-1534, doi:10.1785/0120040080. (Pubitemid 41300220)
    • (2005) Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America , vol.95 , Issue.4 , pp. 1516-1534
    • Chang, S.-J.1    Baag, C.-E.2
  • 19
    • 80052360154 scopus 로고
    • Thermal gradients in the continental crust, in The Nature of the Lower Continental Crust
    • edited by J. B. Dawson et al.
    • Chapman, D. S. (1986), Thermal gradients in the continental crust, in The Nature of the Lower Continental Crust, edited by J. B. Dawson et al., Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 24, 63-70.
    • (1986) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.24 , pp. 63-70
    • Chapman, D.S.1
  • 20
    • 0029729696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poisson's ratio and crustal seismology
    • doi:10.1029/ 95JB03446
    • Christensen, N. I. (1996), Poisson's ratio and crustal seismology, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 3139-3156, doi:10.1029/ 95JB03446.
    • (1996) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.101 , pp. 3139-3156
    • Christensen, N.I.1
  • 21
    • 80051928235 scopus 로고
    • Discussion of "Ophiolites in northeast and East Africa: Implications for Proterozoic crustal growth,"
    • Church, W. R. (1991), Discussion of "Ophiolites in northeast and East Africa: Implications for Proterozoic crustal growth,", J. Geol. Soc., 48, 600-606.
    • (1991) J. Geol. Soc. , vol.48 , pp. 600-606
    • Church, W.R.1
  • 22
    • 2142815672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Petrology and geochemistry of ultramafic xenoliths and host lavas from the Ethiopian Volcanic Province: An insight into the upper mantle under eastern Africa
    • Conticelli, S., M. F. Sintoni, T. Abebe, F. Mazzarini, and P. Manetti (1999), Petrology and geochemistry of ultramafic xenoliths and host lavas from the Ethiopian Volcanic Province: An insight into the upper mantle under eastern Africa, Acta Vulcanol., 11, 143-159.
    • (1999) Acta Vulcanol. , vol.11 , pp. 143-159
    • Conticelli, S.1    Sintoni, M.F.2    Abebe, T.3    Mazzarini, F.4    Manetti, P.5
  • 23
    • 3042645792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centrifuge modelling of the influence of crustal fabrics on the development of transfer zones: Insights into the mechanics of continental rifting architecture
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tecto.2004.03.014, PII S0040195104001155
    • Corti, G. (2004), Centrifuge modelling of the influence of crustal fabrics on the development of transfer zones: Insights into the mechanics of continental rifting architecture, Tectonophysics, 384, 191-208, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2004.03.014. (Pubitemid 38804497)
    • (2004) Tectonophysics , vol.384 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 191-208
    • Corti, G.1
  • 24
    • 65349146437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control of rift obliquity on the evolution and segmentation of the main Ethiopian rift
    • doi:10.1038/ngeo160
    • Corti, G. (2008), Control of rift obliquity on the evolution and segmentation of the main Ethiopian rift, Nat. Geosci., 1, 258-262, doi:10.1038/ngeo160.
    • (2008) Nat. Geosci. , vol.1 , pp. 258-262
    • Corti, G.1
  • 26
    • 17144404532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure in Ethiopia and Kenya from receiver function analysis: Implications for rift development in eastern Africa
    • DOI 10.1029/2004JB003065, B01303
    • Dugda, M. T., A. A. Nyblade, J. Julia, C. A. Langston, C. J. Ammon, and S. Simiyu (2005), Crustal structure in Ethiopia and Kenya from receiver function analysis: Implications for rift development in eastern Africa, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B01303, doi:10.1029/2004JB003065. (Pubitemid 40517758)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth , vol.110 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-15
    • Dugda, M.T.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Julia, J.3    Langston, C.A.4    Ammon, C.J.5    Simiyu, S.6
  • 27
    • 35348840320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin lithosphere beneath the Ethiopian Plateau revealed by a joint inversion of Rayleigh wave group velocities and receiver functions
    • doi:10.1029/ 2006JB004918
    • Dugda, M., A. A. Nyblade, and J. Julia (2007), Thin lithosphere beneath the Ethiopian Plateau revealed by a joint inversion of Rayleigh wave group velocities and receiver functions, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B08305, doi:10.1029/ 2006JB004918.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112
    • Dugda, M.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Julia, J.3
  • 28
    • 34548289942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of initial weakness on rift architecture, in imaging, mapping and modelling continental lithosphere extension and breakup
    • edited by G. D. Karner, G. Manatschal, and L. M. Pinhiero
    • Dyksterhuis, S., P. Rey, R. D. Muller, and L. Moresi (2007), Effects of initial weakness on rift architecture, in Imaging, Mapping and Modelling Continental Lithosphere Extension and Breakup, edited by G. D. Karner, G. Manatschal, and L. M. Pinhiero, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 282, 443-455.
    • (2007) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.282 , pp. 443-455
    • Dyksterhuis, S.1    Rey, P.2    Muller, R.D.3    Moresi, L.4
  • 29
    • 0019379572 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM)
    • doi:10.1016/0031-9201(81)90046-7
    • Dziewonski, A. M., and D. L. Anderson (1981), Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM), Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 25, 297-356, doi:10.1016/0031- 9201(81)90046-7.
    • (1981) Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. , vol.25 , pp. 297-356
    • Dziewonski, A.M.1    Anderson, D.L.2
  • 30
    • 18444385672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seismological signature of temperature and grain size variations in the upper mantle
    • doi:10.1016/ j.epsl.2005.02.008
    • Faul, U. H., and I. Jackson (2005), The seismological signature of temperature and grain size variations in the upper mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 234, 119-134, doi:10.1016/ j.epsl.2005.02.008.
    • (2005) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.234 , pp. 119-134
    • Faul, U.H.1    Jackson, I.2
  • 31
    • 0028254364 scopus 로고
    • Intergranular basaltic melt is distributed in thin, elongated inclusions
    • doi:10.1029/ 93GL03051
    • Faul, U. H., D. R. Toomey, and H. S. Waff (1994), Intergranular basaltic melt is distributed in thin, elongated inclusions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 29-32, doi:10.1029/ 93GL03051.
    • (1994) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.21 , pp. 29-32
    • Faul, U.H.1    Toomey, D.R.2    Waff, H.S.3
  • 32
    • 0031449957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African Rift System
    • doi:10.1144/gsjgs.154.4.0689
    • Foster, A., C. Ebinger, E. Mbede, and D. Rex (1997), Tectonic development of the northern Tanzanian sector of the East African Rift System, J. Geol. Soc., 154, 689-700, doi:10.1144/gsjgs.154.4.0689.
    • (1997) J. Geol. Soc. , vol.154 , pp. 689-700
    • Foster, A.1    Ebinger, C.2    Mbede, E.3    Rex, D.4
  • 33
    • 10644269894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shear-wave splitting in Ethiopia: Precambrian mantle anisotropy locally modified by Neogene rifting
    • DOI 10.1029/2004GL020471
    • Gashawbeza, E. M., S. L. Klemperer, A. A. Nyblade, K. T. Walker, and K. M. Keranen (2004), Shear-wave splitting in Ethiopia: Precambrian mantle anisotropy locally modified by Neogene rifting, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L18602, doi:10.1029/2004GL020471. (Pubitemid 39660808)
    • (2004) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.31 , Issue.18
    • Gashawbeza, E.M.1    Klemperer, S.L.2    Nyblade, A.A.3    Walker, K.T.4    Keranen, K.M.5
  • 34
    • 39149124437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of Iraq from receiver functions and surface wave dispersion: Implications for understanding the deformation history of the Arabian-Eurasian collision
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007. 03670.x
    • Gok, R., H. Mahdi, H. Al-Shukri, and A. Rodgers (2008), Crustal structure of Iraq from receiver functions and surface wave dispersion: Implications for understanding the deformation history of the Arabian-Eurasian collision, Geophys. J. Int., 172, 1179-1187, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2007. 03670.x.
    • (2008) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.172 , pp. 1179-1187
    • Gok, R.1    Mahdi, H.2    Al-Shukri, H.3    Rodgers, A.4
  • 35
    • 36849124660 scopus 로고
    • Avariational approach to the theory of effective magnetic permeability of multiphase materials
    • doi:10.1063/ 1.1728579
    • Hashin, Z., and A. Shtrikman (1962), Avariational approach to the theory of effective magnetic permeability of multiphase materials, J. Appl. Phys., 33, 3125-3131, doi:10.1063/ 1.1728579.
    • (1962) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.33 , pp. 3125-3131
    • Hashin, Z.1    Shtrikman, A.2
  • 36
    • 0018662918 scopus 로고
    • The electrical conductivity of materials containing partial melt: A simple model from Archie's Law
    • doi:10.1029/ GL006i007p00613
    • Hermance, J. F. (1979), The electrical conductivity of materials containing partial melt: A simple model from Archie's Law, Geophys. Res. Lett., 6, 613-616, doi:10.1029/ GL006i007p00613.
    • (1979) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.6 , pp. 613-616
    • Hermance, J.F.1
  • 37
    • 0031686347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculation of peridotite partial melting from thermodynamic models of minerals and melts. I. Review of methods and comparison with experiments
    • doi:10.1093/petrology/ 39.6.1091
    • Hirschmann, M. M., M. S. Ghiorso, L. E. Wasylenki, P. D. Asimow, and E. M. Stolper (1998), Calculation of peridotite partial melting from thermodynamic models of minerals and melts. I. Review of methods and comparison with experiments, J. Petrol., 39, 1091-1115, doi:10.1093/petrology/ 39.6.1091.
    • (1998) J. Petrol. , vol.39 , pp. 1091-1115
    • Hirschmann, M.M.1    Ghiorso, M.S.2    Wasylenki, L.E.3    Asimow, P.D.4    Stolper, E.M.5
  • 38
    • 85016833969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheology of the upper mantle and the mantle wedge: A view from experimentalists
    • edited by J. Eiler, AGU, Washington, D. C
    • Hirth, G., and D. Kohlstedt (2003), Rheology of the upper mantle and the mantle wedge: A view from experimentalists, in Inside the Subduction Factory, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 138, edited by J. Eiler, pp. 83-105, AGU, Washington, D. C.
    • (2003) Inside the Subduction Factory, Geophys. Monogr. Ser. , vol.138 , pp. 83-105
    • Hirth, G.1    Kohlstedt, D.2
  • 39
    • 0030829191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of the ethiopian flood basalt event and implications for plume birth and global change
    • DOI 10.1038/39853
    • Hofmann, C., V. Courtillot, G. Feraud, P. Rochette, G. Yirgu, E. Ketefo, and R. Pik (1997), Timing of the Ethiopian flood basalt event: Implications for plume birth and global change, Nature, 389, 838-841, doi:10.1038/39853. (Pubitemid 27462975)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , Issue.6653 , pp. 838-841
    • Hofmann, C.1    Courtillot, V.2    Feraud, G.3    Rochette, P.4    Yirgu, G.5    Ketefo, E.6    Pik, R.7
  • 40
    • 33747599883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implications for intraplate volcanism and back-arc deformation in northwestern New Zealand, from joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03016.x
    • Horspool, N. A., M. K. Savage, and S. Bannister (2006), Implications for intraplate volcanism and back-arc deformation in northwestern New Zealand, from joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves, Geophys. J. Int., 166, 1466-1483, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03016.x. (Pubitemid 44263471)
    • (2006) Geophysical Journal International , vol.166 , Issue.3 , pp. 1466-1483
    • Horspool, N.A.1    Savage, M.K.2    Bannister, S.3
  • 41
    • 35248819120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraining velocity and density contrasts across the crust-mantle boundary with receiver function amplitudes
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1365-2966.2007.03502.x
    • Julia, J. (2007), Constraining velocity and density contrasts across the crust-mantle boundary with receiver function amplitudes, Geophys. J. Int., 171, 286-301, doi:10.1111/ j.1365-2966.2007.03502.x.
    • (2007) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.171 , pp. 286-301
    • Julia, J.1
  • 42
    • 0033782313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion observations
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00217.x
    • Julia, J., C. J. Ammon, R. B. Herrmann, and A. M. Correig (2000), Joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion observations, Geophys. J. Int., 143, 99-112, doi:10.1046/j.1365-246x.2000.00217.x.
    • (2000) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.143 , pp. 99-112
    • Julia, J.1    Ammon, C.J.2    Herrmann, R.B.3    Correig, A.M.4
  • 43
    • 0043009736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithospheric structure of the Arabian Shield from the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface-wave group velocities
    • DOI 10.1016/S0040-1951(03)00196-3
    • Julia, J., C. J. Ammon, and R. B. Herrmann (2003), Lithospheric structure of the Arabian Shield from the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface-wave group velocities, Tectonophysics, 371, 1-21, doi:10.1016/S0040- 1951(03)00196-3. (Pubitemid 37050104)
    • (2003) Tectonophysics , vol.371 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 1-21
    • Julia, J.1    Ammon, C.J.2    Herrmann, R.B.3
  • 44
    • 27744502774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for mafic lower crust in Tanzania, East Africa, from joint inversion of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion velocities
    • doi:10.1111/ j.1365-246X.2005.02685.x
    • Julia, J., C. J. Ammon, and A. A. Nyblade (2005), Evidence for mafic lower crust in Tanzania, East Africa, from joint inversion of receiver functions and Rayleigh wave dispersion velocities, Geophys. J. Int., 162, 555-569, doi:10.1111/ j.1365-246X.2005.02685.x.
    • (2005) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.162 , pp. 555-569
    • Julia, J.1    Ammon, C.J.2    Nyblade, A.A.3
  • 45
    • 0022235885 scopus 로고
    • High temperature experiments on the elastic and anelastic behaviour of magmatic rocks
    • doi:10.1016/0031-9201(85)90132-3
    • Kampfmann, W., and H. Berckhemer (1985), High temperature experiments on the elastic and anelastic behaviour of magmatic rocks, Phys. Earth Planet. Inter., 40, 223-247, doi:10.1016/0031-9201(85)90132-3.
    • (1985) Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. , vol.40 , pp. 223-247
    • Kampfmann, W.1    Berckhemer, H.2
  • 46
    • 31544448813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations in late syn-rift melt alignment inferred from shear-wave splitting in crustal earthquakes beneath the Ethiopian rift
    • DOI 10.1029/2005GL024150, L23308
    • Keir, D., J.-M. Kendall, and C. Ebinger (2005), Variations in late syn-rift melt alignment inferred from shear-wave splitting in crustal earthquakes beneath the Ethiopian rift, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L23308, doi:10.1029/2005GL024150. (Pubitemid 43159344)
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32 , Issue.23 , pp. 1-4
    • Keir, D.1    Kendall, J.-M.2    Ebinger, C.J.3    Stuart, G.W.4
  • 47
    • 12744260140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magma assisted rifting in Ethiopia
    • doi:10.1038/nature03161
    • Kendall, J.-M., G. Stuart, C. Ebinger, I. Bastow, and D. Keir (2005), Magma assisted rifting in Ethiopia, Nature, 433, 146-148, doi:10.1038/ nature03161.
    • (2005) Nature , vol.433 , pp. 146-148
    • Kendall, J.-M.1    Stuart, G.2    Ebinger, C.3    Bastow, I.4    Keir, D.5
  • 48
    • 36849052344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discontinuous and diachronous evolution of the Main Ethiopian Rift: Implications for development of continental rifts
    • DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2007.09.038, PII S0012821X07006085
    • Keranen, K., and S. L. Klemperer (2008), Discontinuous and diachronous evolution of the Main Ethiopian Rift: Implications for the development of continental rifts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 265, 96-111, doi:10.1016/j.epsl. 2007.09.038. (Pubitemid 350227239)
    • (2008) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.265 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 96-111
    • Keranen, K.1    Klemperer, S.L.2
  • 50
    • 0034823856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pressure and temperature dependence of VP and VS in rocks from the superdeep well and from surface analogues at Kola and the nature of velocity anisotropy
    • doi:10.1016/ S0040-1951(01)00128-7
    • Kern, H., T. Popp, F. Gorbatsevich, A. Zharikov, K. V. Lobanov, and Y. P. Smirnov (2001), Pressure and temperature dependence of VP and VS in rocks from the superdeep well and from surface analogues at Kola and the nature of velocity anisotropy, Tectonophysics, 338, 113-134, doi:10.1016/ S0040-1951(01)00128-7.
    • (2001) Tectonophysics , vol.338 , pp. 113-134
    • Kern, H.1    Popp, T.2    Gorbatsevich, F.3    Zharikov, A.4    Lobanov, K.V.5    Smirnov, Y.P.6
  • 51
    • 2142761095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flood and shield basalts from Ethiopia: Magmas from the African Superswell
    • doi:10.1093/petrology/egg112
    • Kieffer, B., et al. (2004), Flood and shield basalts from Ethiopia: Magmas from the African Superswell, J. Petrol., 45, 793-834, doi:10.1093/petrology/egg112.
    • (2004) J. Petrol. , vol.45 , pp. 793-834
    • Kieffer, B.1
  • 52
    • 0034861410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global models of surface wave group velocity
    • doi:10.1007/PL00001226
    • Larson, E. W. F., and G. Ekström (2001), Global models of surface wave group velocity, Pure Appl. Geophys., 158, 1377-1400, doi:10.1007/ PL00001226.
    • (2001) Pure Appl. Geophys. , vol.158 , pp. 1377-1400
    • Larson, E.W.F.1    Ekström, G.2
  • 53
    • 4243150791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined receiver-function and surface wave phase-velocity inversion using a niching genetic algorithm: Application to Patagonia
    • DOI 10.1785/0120030172
    • Lawrence, J. F., and D. A. Wiens (2004), Combined receiverfunction and surface wave phase-velocity inversion using a niching genetic algorithm: Application to Patagonia, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 94, 977-987, doi:10.1785/0120030172. (Pubitemid 39112777)
    • (2004) Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America , vol.94 , Issue.3 , pp. 977-987
    • Lawrence, J.F.1    Wiens, D.A.2
  • 54
    • 0033502402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Iterative deconvolution and receiver-function estimation
    • Ligorria, J. P., and C. Ammon (1999), Iterative deconvolution and receiver-function estimation, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 89, 1395-1400.
    • (1999) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.89 , pp. 1395-1400
    • Ligorria, J.P.1    Ammon, C.2
  • 55
    • 0042631131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magmatism of the Kenya Rift Valley: A review
    • Macdonald, R. (2002), Magmatism of the Kenya Rift Valley: A review, Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh Earth Sci., 93, 239-253.
    • (2002) Trans. R. Soc. Edinburgh Earth Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 239-253
    • Macdonald, R.1
  • 56
    • 21944447874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal velocity structure across the main Ethiopian Rift: Results from two-dimensional wide-angle seismic modelling
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X. 2005.02710.x
    • Mackenzie, G. D., H. Thybo, and P. K. H. Maguire (2005), Crustal velocity structure across the main Ethiopian Rift: Results from two-dimensional wide-angle seismic modelling, Geophys. J. Int., 162, 994-1006, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X. 2005.02710.x.
    • (2005) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.162 , pp. 994-1006
    • Mackenzie, G.D.1    Thybo, H.2    Maguire, P.K.H.3
  • 57
    • 70449815686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geophysical project in Ethiopia studies continental breakup
    • doi:10.1029/2003EO350002
    • Maguire, P. K. H., et al. (2003), Geophysical project in Ethiopia studies continental breakup, Eos Trans. AGU, 84, 342-343, doi:10.1029/2003EO350002.
    • (2003) Eos Trans. AGU , vol.84 , pp. 342-343
    • Maguire, P.K.H.1
  • 58
    • 33745765480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of the northern Main Ethiopian Rift from the EAGLE controlled-source survey; a snapshot of incipient lithospheric break-up, in the afar volcanic province within the East African Rift system
    • edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire
    • Maguire, P. K. H., et al. (2006), Crustal structure of the northern Main Ethiopian Rift from the EAGLE controlled-source survey; a snapshot of incipient lithospheric break-up, in The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System, edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 259, 269-292.
    • (2006) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.259 , pp. 269-292
    • Maguire, P.K.H.1
  • 59
    • 34548293792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations from the Alpine Tethys and Iberia-Newfoundland margins pertinent to the interpretation of continental breakup, in imaging, mapping and modelling continental lithosphere extension and breakup
    • edited by G. D. Karner, G. Manatschal, and L. M. Pinhiero
    • Manatschal, G., O. Müntener, L. L. Lavier, T. A. Minshull, and G. Péron-Pinvidic (2007), Observations from the Alpine Tethys and Iberia-Newfoundland margins pertinent to the interpretation of continental breakup, in Imaging, Mapping and Modelling Continental Lithosphere Extension and Breakup, edited by G. D. Karner, G. Manatschal, and L. M. Pinhiero, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 282, 291-324.
    • (2007) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.282 , pp. 291-324
    • Manatschal, G.1    Müntener, O.2    Lavier, L.L.3    Minshull, T.A.4    Péron-Pinvidic, G.5
  • 60
    • 72749110711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and thermal history of the lower crust beneath the Tanzania Craton and the adjacent Mozambique Belt
    • Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract S23A-06
    • Mansur, A. T., S. Manya, and R. L. Rudnick (2006), Composition and thermal history of the lower crust beneath the Tanzania Craton and the adjacent Mozambique Belt, Eos Trans. AGU, 87(36), Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract S23A-06.
    • (2006) Eos Trans. AGU , vol.87 , Issue.36
    • Mansur, A.T.1    Manya, S.2    Rudnick, R.L.3
  • 61
    • 0027837213 scopus 로고
    • Granulite xenoliths from western Saudi Arabia; the lower crust of the late Precambrian Arabian-Nubian Shield
    • doi:10.1007/BF01046541
    • McGuire, A. V., and R. J. Stern (1993), Granulite xenoliths from western Saudi Arabia; the lower crust of the late Precambrian Arabian-Nubian Shield, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 114, 395-408, doi:10.1007/BF01046541.
    • (1993) Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. , vol.114 , pp. 395-408
    • McGuire, A.V.1    Stern, R.J.2
  • 63
    • 46149105945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Neoproterozoic assembly of Gondwana and its relationship to the Ediacaran-Cambrian radiation
    • doi:10.1016/ j.gr.2007.06.007
    • Meert, J. G., and B. S. Lieberman (2008), The Neoproterozoic assembly of Gondwana and its relationship to the Ediacaran-Cambrian radiation, Gondwana Res., 14, 5-21, doi:10.1016/ j.gr.2007.06.007.
    • (2008) Gondwana Res. , vol.14 , pp. 5-21
    • Meert, J.G.1    Lieberman, B.S.2
  • 64
    • 0032439353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Compressional and shear velocity structure of the lithosphere in northern Iceland
    • Menke, W., M. West, B. Brandsdottir, and D. Sparks (1998), Compressional and shear velocity structure of the lithosphere in northern Iceland, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 88, 1561-1571.
    • (1998) Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. , vol.88 , pp. 1561-1571
    • Menke, W.1    West, M.2    Brandsdottir, B.3    Sparks, D.4
  • 65
    • 0026452759 scopus 로고
    • High electrical conductivity in a model lower crust with unconnected, conductive, seismically reflective layers
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1992.tb03478.x
    • Merzer, A. M., and S. L. Klemperer (1992), High electrical conductivity in a model lower crust with unconnected, conductive, seismically reflective layers, Geophys. J. Int., 108, 895-905, doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1992.tb03478.x.
    • (1992) Geophys. J. Int. , vol.108 , pp. 895-905
    • Merzer, A.M.1    Klemperer, S.L.2
  • 66
    • 0020646778 scopus 로고
    • Ethiopian flood basalt province
    • doi:10.1038/303577a0
    • Mohr, P. (1983), Ethiopian flood basalt province, Nature, 303, 577-584, doi:10.1038/303577a0.
    • (1983) Nature , vol.303 , pp. 577-584
    • Mohr, P.1
  • 67
    • 0036693018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precambrian lithospheric controls on the development of the East African rift system
    • DOI 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0755:PLCOTD>2.0.CO;2
    • Nyblade, A. A., and R. Brazier (2002), Precambrian lithospheric controls on the development of the East African rift system, Geology, 30, 755-758, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0755:PLCOTD>2.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 35054659)
    • (2002) Geology , vol.30 , Issue.8 , pp. 755-758
    • Nyblade, A.A.1    Brazier, R.A.2
  • 68
    • 7044258360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Broadband seismic experiments probe the East African rift
    • doi:10.1029/2002EO000296
    • Nyblade, A. A., and C. A. Langston (2002), Broadband seismic experiments probe the East African rift, Eos Trans. AGU, 83, 405-408, doi:10.1029/ 2002EO000296.
    • (2002) Eos Trans. AGU , vol.83 , pp. 405-408
    • Nyblade, A.A.1    Langston, C.A.2
  • 69
    • 0027095132 scopus 로고
    • A gravity model for the lithosphere in western Kenya and northeastern Tanzania
    • doi:10.1016/0040-1951(92)90294-G
    • Nyblade, A. A., and H. N. Pollack (1992), A gravity model for the lithosphere in western Kenya and northeastern Tanzania, Tectonophysics, 212, 257-267, doi:10.1016/0040-1951(92)90294-G.
    • (1992) Tectonophysics , vol.212 , pp. 257-267
    • Nyblade, A.A.1    Pollack, H.N.2
  • 70
    • 0025591870 scopus 로고
    • Terrestrial heat flow in east and southern Africa
    • doi:10.1029/JB095iB11p17371
    • Nyblade, A. A., H. N. Pollack, D. L. Jones, F. Podmore, and M. Mushayandebvu (1990), Terrestrial heat flow in east and southern Africa, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 17,371-17,384, doi:10.1029/JB095iB11p17371.
    • (1990) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.95 , pp. 17371-17384
    • Nyblade, A.A.1    Pollack, H.N.2    Jones, D.L.3    Podmore, F.4    Mushayandebvu, M.5
  • 71
    • 33646842221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P wave tomography reveals a westward dipping low velocity zone beneath the Kenya Rift
    • doi:10.1029/ 2005GL025605
    • Park, Y., and A. A. Nyblade (2006), P wave tomography reveals a westward dipping low velocity zone beneath the Kenya Rift, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L07311, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL025605.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33
    • Park, Y.1    Nyblade, A.A.2
  • 72
    • 31544479065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A variable resolution surface wave dispersion study of Eurasia, North Africa, and surrounding regions
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JB003749, B12301
    • Pasyanos, M. E. (2005), A variable resolution surface wave dispersion study of Eurasia, North Africa, and surrounding regions, J. Geophys. Res., 110, B12301, doi:10.1029/2005JB003749. (Pubitemid 43159828)
    • (2005) Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth , vol.110 , Issue.12 , pp. 1-22
    • Pasyanos, M.E.1
  • 73
    • 0034875924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A surface wave dispersion study of the Middle East and North Africa for monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
    • doi:10.1007/ PL00001229
    • Pasyanos, M. E., W. R. Walter, and S. E. Hazler (2001), A surface wave dispersion study of the Middle East and North Africa for monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, Pure Appl. Geophys., 158, 1445-1474, doi:10.1007/ PL00001229.
    • (2001) Pure Appl. Geophys. , vol.158 , pp. 1445-1474
    • Pasyanos, M.E.1    Walter, W.R.2    Hazler, S.E.3
  • 74
    • 33645514837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The thermal structure of the lithosphere from shear wave velocities
    • doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.01.008
    • Priestley, K., and D. McKenzie (2006), The thermal structure of the lithosphere from shear wave velocities, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 244, 285-301, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2006.01.008.
    • (2006) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.244 , pp. 285-301
    • Priestley, K.1    McKenzie, D.2
  • 75
    • 6144271153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheology of the lithosphere in space and time
    • doi:10.1144/GSL. SP.1997.121.01.02
    • Ranalli, G. (1997), Rheology of the lithosphere in space and time, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 121, 19-37, doi:10.1144/GSL. SP.1997.121.01.02.
    • (1997) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.121 , pp. 19-37
    • Ranalli, G.1
  • 76
    • 0033541397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial-melt electrical conductivity: Influence of melt composition
    • doi:10.1029/1998JB900111
    • Roberts, J. J., and J. A. Tyburczy (1999), Partial-melt electrical conductivity: Influence of melt composition, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 7055-7065, doi:10.1029/1998JB900111.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 7055-7065
    • Roberts, J.J.1    Tyburczy, J.A.2
  • 77
    • 45449092174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partial melting in the central Andean crust: A review of geophysical, petrophysical, and petrologic evidence
    • edited by O. Oncken et al., Springer, Berlin
    • Schilling, F. R., et al. (2006), Partial melting in the central Andean crust: A review of geophysical, petrophysical, and petrologic evidence, in The Andes: Active Subduction Orogeny, part IV, edited by O. Oncken et al., pp. 459-474, Springer, Berlin.
    • (2006) The Andes: Active Subduction Orogeny , Issue.PART IV , pp. 459-474
    • Schilling, F.R.1
  • 78
    • 0022910120 scopus 로고
    • Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa, in collision tectonics
    • edited by M. P. Coward and A. C. Reis
    • Shackleton, R. M. (1986), Precambrian collision tectonics in Africa, in Collision Tectonics, edited by M. P. Coward and A. C. Reis, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 19, 329-349.
    • (1986) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.19 , pp. 329-349
    • Shackleton, R.M.1
  • 79
    • 34948839897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the extension of heterogeneous hot lithosphere
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tecto.2007.08.012, PII S0040195107002430
    • Sokoutis, D., G. Corti, M. Bonini, J. P. Brun, S. Cloetingh, T. Mauduit, and P. Manetti (2007), Modelling the extension of heterogeneous hot lithosphere, Tectonophysics, 444, 63-79, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2007.08.012. (Pubitemid 47528152)
    • (2007) Tectonophysics , vol.444 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 63-79
    • Sokoutis, D.1    Corti, G.2    Bonini, M.3    Pierre Brun, J.4    Cloetingh, S.5    Mauduit, T.6    Manetti, P.7
  • 80
    • 0028558050 scopus 로고
    • Arc assembly and continental collision in the Neoproterozoic East African orogen
    • Stern, R. J. (1994), Arc assembly and continental collision in the Neoproterozoic East African orogen, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 22, 319-351.
    • (1994) Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 319-351
    • Stern, R.J.1
  • 81
    • 0036527917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal evolution in the East African Orogen: A neodymium isotopic perspective
    • DOI 10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00012-X, PII S089953620200012X, 18th Colloquium of african Geology
    • Stern, R. J. (2002), Crustal evolution in the East African Orogen: A neodymium isotopic perspective, J. Afr. Earth Sci., 34, 109-117, doi:10.1016/S0899-5362(02)00012-X. (Pubitemid 35016030)
    • (2002) Journal of African Earth Sciences , vol.34 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 109-117
    • Stern, R.J.1
  • 82
    • 84879879045 scopus 로고
    • Orientation of the late Precambrian sutures in the Arabian-Nubian Shield
    • doi:10. 1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1103:OOLPSI>2.3.CO;2
    • Stern, R. J., K. C. Nielsen, E. Best, M. Sultan, R. E. Arvidson, and A. Kroner (1990), Orientation of the late Precambrian sutures in the Arabian-Nubian Shield, Geology, 18, 1103-1106, doi:10. 1130/0091-7613(1990)018<1103: OOLPSI>2.3.CO;2.
    • (1990) Geology , vol.18 , pp. 1103-1106
    • Stern, R.J.1    Nielsen, K.C.2    Best, E.3    Sultan, M.4    Arvidson, R.E.5    Kroner, A.6
  • 83
    • 33745789479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crustal structure of the northern main ethiopian rift from receiver function studies, in the afar Volcanic province within the East African Rift system
    • edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire
    • Stuart, G. W., I. D. Bastow, and C. J. Ebinger (2006), Crustal structure of the northern Main Ethiopian Rift from receiver function studies, in The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System, edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 259, 253-267.
    • (2006) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.259 , pp. 253-267
    • Stuart, G.W.1    Bastow, I.D.2    Ebinger, C.J.3
  • 84
    • 0031404590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rift localization in suture-thickened crust: Evidence from Bouguer gravity anomalies in northeastern Tanzania
    • doi:10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00110-8
    • Tesha, A. L., A. A. Nyblade, G. R. Keller, and D. I. Doser (1997), Rift localization in suture-thickened crust: Evidence from Bouguer gravity anomalies in northeastern Tanzania, Tectonophysics, 278, 315-328, doi:10.1016/S0040- 1951(97)00110-8.
    • (1997) Tectonophysics , vol.278 , pp. 315-328
    • Tesha, A.L.1    Nyblade, A.A.2    Keller, G.R.3    Doser, D.I.4
  • 85
    • 34250170687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multistep approach for joint modeling of surface wave dispersion and teleseismic receiver functions: Implications for lithospheric structure of the Arabian Peninsula
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JB004130
    • Tkalcic, H., M. Pasyanos, A. Rodgers, R. Gok, W. Walter, and A. Al-Amri (2006), A multi-step approach in joint modeling of surface wave dispersion and teleseismic receiver functions: Implications for lithospheric structure of the Arabian peninsula, J. Geophys. Res., 111, B11311, doi:10.1029/2005JB004130. (Pubitemid 47248783)
    • (2006) Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth , vol.111 , Issue.11
    • Tkalcic, H.1    Pasyanos, M.E.2    Rodgers, A.J.3    Gok, R.4    Walter, W.R.5    Al-Amri, A.6
  • 86
    • 0036281715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 39Ar chrono-stratigraphy of pre- and syn-rift bimodal flood volcanism in Ethiopia and Yemen
    • DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00525-3, PII S0012821X02005253
    • Ukstins, I., P. Renne, E. Wolfenden, J. Baker, and M. Menzies (2002), Matching conjugate volcanic rifted margins: 40Ar/39Ar chrono-stratigraphy of pre- and syn-rift bimodal flood volcanism in Ethiopia and Yemen, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 198, 289-306, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00525-3. (Pubitemid 34630184)
    • (2002) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.198 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 289-306
    • Ukstins, I.A.1    Renne, P.R.2    Wolfenden, E.3    Baker, J.4    Ayalew, D.5    Menzies, M.6
  • 87
    • 84879885111 scopus 로고
    • Pan-African (late Precambrian) tectonic terrains and the reconstruction of the Arabian-Nubian Shield
    • doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13< 839:PLPTTA>2.0.CO;2
    • Vail, J. R. (1985), Pan-African (late Precambrian) tectonic terrains and the reconstruction of the Arabian-Nubian Shield, Geology, 13, 839-849, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13< 839:PLPTTA>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1985) Geology , vol.13 , pp. 839-849
    • Vail, J.R.1
  • 88
    • 16344391834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of weak zone orientation in continental lithosphere extension
    • DOI 10.1029/2004GL022192, L02303
    • van Wijk, J. W. (2005), Role of weak zone orientation in continental lithosphere extension, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L02303, doi:10.1029/ 2004GL022192. (Pubitemid 40473019)
    • (2005) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 1-4
    • Van Wijk, J.W.1
  • 89
    • 33745772635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The electrical resistivity structure of the crust beneath the Northern Main Ethiopian Rift, in the Afar Volcanic province within the East African Rift system
    • edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire
    • Whaler, K. A., and S. Hautot (2006), The electrical resistivity structure of the crust beneath the northern Main Ethiopian Rift, in The Afar Volcanic Province Within the East African Rift System, edited by G. Yirgu, C. J. Ebinger, and P. K. H. Maguire, Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 259, 293-305.
    • (2006) Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. , vol.259 , pp. 293-305
    • Whaler, K.A.1    Hautot, S.2
  • 90
    • 0034628312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions
    • doi:10.1029/1999JB900322
    • Zhu, L., and H. Kanamori (2000), Moho depth variation in southern California from teleseismic receiver functions, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 2969-2980, doi:10.1029/1999JB900322.
    • (2000) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.105 , pp. 2969-2980
    • Zhu, L.1    Kanamori, H.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.