Geochemical stages at Jasper seamount and the origin of intraplate volcanoes

Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2009, Pages

  Konter, J G ^a,b   Staudigel, H ^a   Blichert Toft, J ^c   Hanan, B B ^d   Polve M ^e   Davies, G R ^f   Shimizu, N ^g   Schiffman, P ^h  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITÉ DE LYON   (France)

^d SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e OBSERVATOIRE MIDI PYRÉNÉES   (France)

^f VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^g WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Geochemistry; Isotope; Jasper seamount; Melting model

Indexed keywords

EID: 68549107972     PISSN: 15252027     EISSN: 15252027     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2008GC002236     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Abouchami, W., A. W. Hofmann, S. J. G. Galer, F. A. Frey, J.Eisele, andM.Feigenson(2005), Leadisotopes reveal bilateral asymmetry and vertical continuity in the Hawaiian mantle plume, Nature, 434, 851-856, doi:10.1038/nature03402. (Pubitemid 40558991)
2. Allègre, C. J., S. R. Hart, and J. F. Minster (1983), Chemical structure and evolution of the mantle and continents determined by inversion of Nd and Sr isotopic data: II. Numerical experiments and discussion, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 66, 191-213, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(83)90136-X.
3. Atwater, T., and J. Severinghaus (1989), Tectonic maps of the northeast Pacific, in The Eastern Pacific Ocean and Hawaii, Geol. of N. Am., vol. N, edited by E. L. Winterer, pp. 15-20, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo.
4. Bargar, K. E., and E. D. Jackson (1974), Calculated volumes of individual shield volcanoes along the Hawaiian-Emperor chain, U.S. Geol. Surv. J. Res., 2, 545-550.
5. Batiza, R. (1977), Oceanic crustal evolution: Evidence from the petrology and geochemistry of isolated oceanic central volcanoes, 295 pp., Univ. of Calif., San Diego.
6. Batiza, R., and D. Vanko (1984), Petrology of Pacific seamounts, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 11, 235-11, 260, doi:10.1029/JB089iB13p11235.
7. Batiza, R., T. J. Bernatowicz, C. M. Hohenberg, and F. A. Podosek (1979), Relations of noble gas abundances to petrogenesis and magmatic evolution of somebasalts and related differentiated volcanic rocks, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 69, 301-313, doi:10.1007/BF00372332.
8. Bianco, T. A., G. Ito, J. M. Becker, and M. O. Garcia (2005), Secondary Hawaiian volcanism formed by flexural arch decompression, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q08009, doi:10.1029/2005GC000945.
9. Bizimis, M., J. C. Lassiter, V. J. M. Salters, G. Sen, and M. Griselin (2004), Extreme Hf-Os isotope compositions in Hawaiian peridotites xenoliths: Evidence for an ancient recycled lithosphere, Eos Trans. AGU, 85(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract V51B-550.
10. Blichert-Toft, J., F. A. Frey, and F. Albarède (1999), Hf isotopic compositions of the Hawaii Scientific Drilling Project core and the source mineralogy of Hawaiian basalts, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 935-938, doi:10.1029/1999GL900110. (Pubitemid 29340956)
11. Calmant, S., and A. Cazenave (1987), Anomalous elastic thickness of the oceanic lithosphere in the south-central Pacific, Nature, 328, 236-238, doi:10.1038/328236a0. (Pubitemid 18291096)
12. Castillo, P., and R. Batiza (1989), Strontium, neodymium and lead isotope constraints on near-ridge seamount production beneath the South Atlantic, Nature, 342, 262 - 265, doi:10.1038/342262a0. (Pubitemid 20410457)
13. Castillo, P. R., P. A. Floyd, and C. France-Lanord (1992), Isotope geochemistry of Leg 129 basalts: Implications for the origin of the widespread Cretaceous volcanic event in the Pacific, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 129, 405-513.
14. Chauvel, C., E. Lewin, M. Carpentier, N. T. Arndt, and J.-C. Marini (2008), Role of recycled oceanic basalt and sediment in generating the Hf-Nfd mantle array, Nat. Geosci., 1, 64-67, doi:10.1038/ngeo.2007.51.
15. Chen, C. Y., and F. A. Frey (1983), Origin of Hawaiian tholeiite and alkali basalt, Nature, 302, 785-789, doi:10.1038/302785a0.
16. Chen, C. Y., and F. A. Frey (1985), Trace-element and isotopic geochemistry of lavas from Haleakala Volcano: East Maui, Hawaii: Implications for the origin of Hawaiian basalts, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 8743-8768, doi:10.1029/JB090iB10p08743.
17. Cheng, Q., K.-H. Park, J. D. MacDougall, A. Zindler, G. W. Lugmair, J. Hawkins, P. Lonsdale, and H. Staudigel (1987), Isotopic evidence for a hotspot origin of the Louisville seamount chain, in Seamounts, Islands and Atolls, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 43, edited by B. H. Keating et al., pp. 283-296, AGU, Washington, D.C.
18. Clague, D. A., and G. B. Dalrymple (1987), The Hawaiian-Emperor volcanic chain, Part I: Geological evolution, in Volcanism in Hawaii, U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap., 1350(1), edited by R. Decker et al., pp. 5-54, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., Washington, D. C.
19. Clague, D. A., and G. B. Dalrymple (1988), Age and petrology of alkalic postshield and rejuvenated-stage lavas from Kauai, Hawaii, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 99, 202 - 218, doi:10.1007/BF00371461.
20. Condie, K. C. (1993), Chemical composition and evolution of the upper continental crust: Contrasting results from surface samples and shales, Chem. Geol., 104, 1-37, doi:10.1016/0009-2541(93)90140-E.
21. Courtillot, V., A. Davaille, J. Besse, and J. Stock (2003), Three distinct types of hotspots in the Earths mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Let t . , 205, 295 - 308, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01048-8. (Pubitemid 36101454)
22. Davis, A. S., S. H. Gunn, W. A. Bohrson, L.-B. Gray, and J. R. Hei (1995), Chemically diverse, sporadic volcanism at seamounts offshore southern and Baja California, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 107, 554 - 570, doi:10.1130/0016- 7606(1995)107<0554:CDSVAS>2.3.CO;2.
23. Davis, A. S., D. A. Clague, W. A. Bohrson, G. B. Dalrymple, and H. G. Greene (2002), Seamounts at the continental margin of California:A different kind of oceanic intraplate volcanism, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 114, 316-333, doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2002)114<0316:SATCMO>2.0.CO;2.
24. Eisele, J., W. Abouchami, S. J. G. Galer, and A. W. Hofmann (2003), The 320 kyr Pb isotope evolution of Mauna Kea lavas recorded in the HSDP-2 drill core, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(5), 8710, doi:10.1029/2002GC000339.
25. Fekiacova, Z., W. Abouchami, S. J. G. Galer, M. O. Garcia, and A. W. Hofmann (2007), Origin and temporal evolution of Koolau Volcano, Hawaii: Inferences from isotope data on the Koolau Scientific Drilling Project (KSDP), the Honolulu Volcanics and ODP Site 843, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 261, 65-83, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.06.005. (Pubitemid 47324158)
26. Fornari, D. J., M. R. Perfit, J. F. Allan, R. Batiza, R. Haymon, A. Barone, W. B. F. Ryan, T. Smith, T. Simkin, and M. A. Luckmann (1988), Geochemical and structural studies of the Lamont seamounts: Seamounts as indicators of mantle processes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 89, 63-83, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(88)90033-7.
27. Frey, F. A., W. S. Wise, M. O. Garcia, III, H. West, S.-T. Kwon, and A. Kennedy (1990), Evolution of Mauna Kea Volcano, Hawaii: Petrologic and geochemical constraints on postshield volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 1271-1300, doi:10.1029/JB095iB02p01271.
28. Frey, F. A., et al. (2000), Origin and evolution of a submarine large igneous province: The Kerguelen Plateau and Broken Ridge, southern Indian Ocean, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 176, 73-89, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00315-5. (Pubitemid 30199798)
29. Frey, F. A., S. Huang, J. Blichert-Toft, M. Regelous, and M. Boyet (2005), Origin of depleted components in basalt related to the Hawaiian hot spot: Evidence from isotopic and incompatible element ratios, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q02L07, doi:10.1029/2004GC000757.
30. Gee, J., L. Tauxe, J. A. Hildebrand, H. Staudigel, and P. Lonsdale (1988), Nonuniform magnetization of Jasper Seamount, J. Geophys. Res., 93, 12, 159-12, 175, doi:10.1029/JB093iB10p12159.
31. Gee, J., H. Staudigel, and J. H. Natland (1991), Geology and Petrology of Jasper Seamount, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 4083-4105, doi:10.1029/90JB02364.
32. Geldmacher, J., K. Hoernle, P. Van Den Bogaard, G. Zankl, and D. Garbe-Schonberg (2001), Earlier history of the ≥70-Ma-old Canary hotspot based on temporal and geochemical evolution of the Selvagen Archipelago and neighboring seamounts in the eastern North Atlantic, J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 111, 55 - 87, doi:10.1016/S0377-0273(01)00220-7. (Pubitemid 34068071)
33. Graham, D.W., A. Zindler, M. D. Kurz, W. J. Jenkins, R. Batiza, and H. Staudigel (1988), He, Pb, Sr and Nd isotope constraints on magma genesis and mantle heterogeneity beneath young Pacific seamounts, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 99, 446-463, doi:10.1007/BF00371936.
34. Griselin, M., and J. Lassiter (2001), Extreme unradiogenic Os isotopes in Hawaiian mantle xenoliths: Evidence for preservation of ancient melt-depleted domains in the convecting upper mantle, Eos Trans. AGU, 82(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract V21D-08.
35. Gurriet, P. (1987), A thermal model for the origin of posterosional alkalic lava, Hawaii, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 82, 153-158, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(87)90115-4.
36. Hammer, P. T. C., J. A. Hildebrand, and R. L. Parker (1991), Gravity inversion using seminorm minimization: Density modeling of Jasper Seamount, Geophysics, 56, 68-79, doi:10.1190/1.1442959.
37. Hammer, P. T. C., L. M. Dorman, J. A. Hildebrand, and B. D. Cornuelle (1994), Jasper Seamount structure: Seafloor seismic refraction tomography, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 6731-6752, doi:10.1029/93JB02170. (Pubitemid 24427167)
38. Hanan, B. B., and D. W. Graham (1996), Lead and Helium isotope evidence from oceanic basalts for a common deep source of mantle plumes, Science, 272, 991 - 995, doi:10.1126/science.272.5264.991.
39. Hart, S. R., E. H. Hauri, L. A. Oschmann, and J. A. Whitehead (1992), Mantle plumes and entrainment: Isotopic evidence, Science, 256, 517-520, doi:10.1126/science.256.5056.517.
40. Hart, S. R., M. Coetzee, R. K. Workman, J. Blusztajn, K. T. M. Johnson, J. M. Sinton, B. Steinberger, and J. W. Hawkins (2004), Genesis of the Western Samoa seamount province: Age, geochemical fingerprint and tectonics, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 227, 37-56, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.08.005. (Pubitemid 39337673)
41. Hauff, F., K. Hoernle, and A. Schmidt (2003), Sr-Nd-Pb composition ofMesozoic Pacific oceanic crust (site 1149 and 801, ODP Leg 185), Implications for alteration of ocean crust and the input into the Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction system, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(8), 8913, doi:10.1029/ 2002GC000421.
42. Hildebrand, J. A., L. M. Dorman, P. T. C. Hammer, A. E. Schreiner, and B. D. Cornuelle (1989), Seismic tomography of Jasper Seamount, Geophys. Res. Lett., 16, 1355-1358, doi:10.1029/GL016i012p01355.
43. Hirschmann, M. M. (2000), Mantle solidus: Experimental constraints and the effects of periodite composition, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 1(10), 1042, doi:10.1029/2000GC000070.
44. Hoernle, K., and H.-U. Schmincke (1993), The petrology of the Tholeiites through melilite nephelinites on Gran Canaria, Canary Islands: Crystal fractionation, accumulation, and depths of melting, J. Petrol., 34, 573-597.
45. Hoernle, K., G. Tilton, and H.-U. Schmincke (1991), Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evolution of Gran Canaria: Evidence for shallow enriched mantle beneath the Canary Islands, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 106, 44-63, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(91) 90062-M.
46. Hofmann, A. W. (1997), Mantle geochemistry: The message from oceanic volcanism, Nature, 385, 219 - 229, doi:10.1038/385219a0.
47. Huang, S., F. A. Frey, J. Blichert-Toft, R. V. Fodor, G. R. Bauer, and G.Xu (2005), Enriched components in the Hawaiian plume: Evidence from Kahoolawe Volcano, Hawaii, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q11006, doi:10.1029/ 2005GC001012.
48. Ielsch, G., M. Caroff, H. G. Barsczus, R. C. Maury, H. Guillou, G. Guille, and J. Cotton (1998), Géochimie des basaltes de lÎle de Ua Huka (archipel des Marquises): Variation du taux de fusion partielle et hétérogénéité de la source mantellique, C. R. Acad. Sci., Ser. IIa Sci. Terre Planets, 326, 413-420.
49. Irvine, T. N., and W. R. A. Baragar (1971), A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks, Can. J. Earth Sci., 8, 523-548.
50. Ito, G., and J. J. Mahoney (2005), Flow and melting of a heterogeneous mantle: 1. Method and importance to the geochemistry of ocean island and mid-ocean ridge basalts, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 230, 29-46, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004. 10.035.
51. Jarrard, J. D., and D. A. Clague (1977), Implications of Pacific Islands and seamount ages for the origin of volcanic chains, Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 15, 57-76, doi:10.1029/RG015i001p00057.
52. Koppers, A. A. P., H. Staudigel, D. M. Christie, J. J. Dieu, and M. S. Pringle (1995), Sr-Nd-Pb isotope geochemistry of Leg 144 west Pacific guyots: Implications for the geochemical evolution of the "SOPITA" mantle anomaly, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 144, 535-545.
53. 39Ar age progressions along seamount trails, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 185, 237 - 252, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00387-3. (Pubitemid 32219439)
54. Koppers, A. A. P., H. Staudigel, M. S. Pringle, and J. R. Wijbrans (2003), Short-lived and discontinuous intraplate volcanism in the South Pacific: Hot spots or extensional volcanism?, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(10), 1089, doi:10.1029/2003GC000533.
55. Kurz, M. D., T. C. Kenna, D. Kammer, J. M. Rhodes, and M. Garcia (1995), Isotopic evolution ofMauna Loa volcano: A view from the submarine southwest rift, in Mauna Loa Volcano Revealed: Structure, Composition, History and Hazards, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 92, edited by J. M. Rhodes and J. P. Lockwood, pp. 289-306, AGU, Washington, D. C.
56. Lassiter, J. C., and E. H. Hauri (1998), Osmium-isotope variations in Hawaiian lavas: Evidence for recycled oceanic lithosphere in the Hawaiian plume, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 164, 483-496, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(98)00240-4. (Pubitemid 29434915)
57. Lassiter, J. C., E. H. Hauri, P. W. Reiners, and M. O. Garcia (2000), Generation of Hawaiian post-erosional lavas by melting of a mixed lherzolite/pyroxenite source, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 178, 269-284, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(00)00084-4. (Pubitemid 30392838)
58. Le Bas, M. J., R. W. Le Maitre, A. Streckeisen, and B. Zanettin (1986), A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the total alkali-silica diagram, J. Petrol., 27, 745-750.
59. Legendre, C., R. C. Maury, D. Savanier, J. Cotten, C. Chauvel, C. Hémond, C. Bollinger, G. Guille, S. Blais, and P. Rossi (2005), The origin of intermediate and evolved lavas in the Marquesas archipelago: An example from Nuku Hiva island (French Polynesia), J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 143, 293-317, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2004.12.001. (Pubitemid 40829079)
60. Liu, M., and C. G. Chase (1991), Evolution of Hawaiian basalts: A hotspot melting model, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 104, 151-165, doi:10.1016/0012- 821X(91)90201-R.
61. Lonsdale, P. (1991), Structural patterns of the Pacific floor offshore of peninsular California, in The Gulf and Peninsular Province of the Californias, edited by J. P. Dauphin et al., AAPG Mem., 47, 87-125.
62. Luhr, J. F., J. J. Aranda-Gómez, and T. B. Housh (1995), San QuintÍn Volcanic Field, Baja California Norte, México: Geology, petrology, and geochemistry, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 10, 353-10, 380, doi:10.1029/95JB00037.
63. Maaloe, S. (1998), Melt dynamics of a layered mantle plume source, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 133, 83-95, doi:10.1007/s004100050439.
64. Macdonald, G. A. (1968), Composition and origin of Hawaiian lavas, in Studies in Volcanology, Geol. Soc. Am. Mem., vol. 116, edited by R. E. Coats et al., pp. 477-522, Geol. Soc. of Am., Boulder, Colo.
65. Macdonald, G. A., and T. Katsura (1964), Chemical composition of Hawaiian lavas, J. Petrol., 5, 82-133.
66. McDonough, W. F., and S.-S. Sun (1995), Composition of the Earth, Chem. Geol., 120, 223-253, doi:10.1016/0009-2541(94)00140-4.
67. Moore, J. G., D. A. Clague, and W. R. Normark (1982), Diverse basalt types fromLoihiSeamount, Hawaii, Geology, 10, 88-92, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1982) 10<88:DBTFLS>2.0.CO;2.
68. Morgan, W. J. (1971), Convection plumes in the lower mantle, Nature, 230, 42-43, doi:10.1038/230042a0.
69. Mukhopadhyay, S., J. C. Lassiter, K. A. Farley, and S. W. Bogue (2003), Geochemistry of Kauai shield-stage lavas: Implications for the chemical evolution of the Hawaiian plume, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(1), 1009, doi:10.1029/2002GC000342.
70. Niu, Y., M. Regelous, I. J. Wendt, R. Batiza, and M. J. Ohara (2002), Geochemistry of near-EPR seamounts: Importance of source vs. process and the origin of enriched mantle component, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 199, 327-345, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00591-5. (Pubitemid 34731630)
71. Paul, D., and W. M. White (2002), Geochemistry and volcanic evolution of Mauritius, Eos Trans. AGU, 83(47), Fall Meet. Suppl., Abstract S11A-1131.
72. Paul, D., W.M.White, and J. Blichert-Toft (2005), Geochemistry of Mauritius and the origin of rejuvenescent volcanism on oceanic island volcanoes, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q06007, doi:10.1029/2004GC000883.
73. Pertermann, M., and M. M. Hirschmann (2003), Anhydrous partial melting experiments on MORB-like eclogite: Phase relations, phase compositions and mineral-melt partitioning of major elements at 2-3GPa, J. Petrol., 44, 2173-2201, doi:10.1093/petrology/egg074.
74. Phipps Morgan, J. (2001), Thermodynamics of pressure release melting of a veined plum pudding mantle, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 2(4), 1001, doi:10.1029/2000GC000049.
75. Phipps Morgan, J., and W. J. Morgan (1999), Two-stage melting and the geochemical evolution of the mantle: A recipe for mantle plum-pudding, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 170, 215-239, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00114-4. (Pubitemid 29494348)
76. Plank, T., and C. H. Langmuir (1998), The chemical composition of subducting sediment: Implications for the crust and mantle, Chem. Geol., 145, 325-394, doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(97)00150-2. (Pubitemid 28426468)
77. Presley, T. K., J. M. Sinton, and M. Pringle (1997), Postshield volcanism and catastrophic mass wasting of the Waianae Volcano, Oahu, Hawaii, Bull. Volcanol., 58, 597-616, doi:10.1007/s004450050165.
78. Pringle, M. S. (1992), Geochronology and petrology of the Musicians seamounts, and the search of hotspot volcanism in the Cretaceous Pacific, Univ. of Hawaii, Honolulu.
79. Pringle, M. S., H. Staudigel, and J. Gee (1991), Jasper Seamount: Seven million years of volcanism, Geology, 19, 364-368, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991) 019<0364:JSSMYO>2.3. CO;2.
80. Putirka, K. (2008), Excess temperatures at ocean islands: Implications for mantle layering and convection, Geology, 36, 283-286, doi:10.1130/G24615A.1. (Pubitemid 351753220)
81. Regelous, M., A. W. Regelous, W. Abouchami, and S. J. G. Galer (2003), Geochemistry of lavas from the Emperor Seamounts, and the geochemical evolution of Hawaiian magmatism from 85 to 42 Ma, J. Petrol., 44, 113-140, doi:10.1093/petrology/44.1.113.
82. Reiners, P. W., and B. K. Nelson (1998), Temporalcompositional-isotopic trends in rejuvenated-stage magmas of Kauai, Hawaii, and implications for mantle melting processes, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 2347-2368, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00141-0. (Pubitemid 29114618)
83. Roden, M. F., F. A. Frey, and D. A. Clague (1984), Geochemistry of tholeiitic and alkalic lavas from the Koolau range, Oaho, Hawaii: Implications for Hawaiian volcanism, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 1431-1440.
84. Roden, M. F., T. Trull, S. R. Hart, and F. A. Frey (1994), New He, Nd, Pb, and Sr isotopic constraints on the constitution of the Hawaiian plume: Results from Koolau Volcano, Oahu, Hawaii, USA, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 58, 1431-1440, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(94)90547-9. (Pubitemid 24425620)
85. Salters, V., J. Blichert-Toft, Z. Fekiacova, A. Sachi-Kocher, and M. Bizimis (2006), Isotope and trace element evidence for depleted lithosphere in the source of enriched Koolau basalts, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 151, 297 - 312, doi:10.1007/s00410-005-0059-y.
86. Shafer, J. T., C. R. Neal, and M. Regelous (2005), Petrogenesis of Hawaiian postshield lavas: Evidence from Nintoku Seamount, Emperor Seamount Chain, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 6, Q05L09, doi:10.1029/2004GC000875.
87. Shimizu, N., and S. R. Hart (1973), Differential dissolution technique (DDT): Chemical separation of crystals from glass, Year Book Carnegie Inst. Washington, 72, 268-270.
88. Shimizu, N., and S. R. Hart (1982), Application of the ion microprobe to geochemistry and cosmochemistry, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 10, 483-526, doi:10.1146/annurev. ea.10.050182.002411.
89. Smith, W. H. F., and D. T. Sandwell (1997), Global sea floor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings, Science, 277, 1956 - 1962, doi:10.1126/science.277. 5334.1956.
90. Sobolev, A. V., A. W. Hofmann, S. V. Sobolev, and I. K. Nikogosian (2005), An olivine-free mantle source of Hawaiian shield basalts, Nature, 434, 590-597, doi:10.1038/nature03411. (Pubitemid 40488545)
91. Spiegelman, M., and P. B. Kelemen (2003), Extreme chemical variability as a consequence of channelized melt transport, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 4(7), 1055, doi:10.1029/2002GC000336.
92. Spiegelman, M., and P. Kenyon (1992), The requirements for chemical disequilibrium during magma migration, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 109, 611 - 620, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(92)90119-G.
93. Spiegelman, M., P. B. Kelemen, and E. Aharonov (2001), Causes and consequences of flow organization during melt transport: The reaction infiltration instability in compactible media, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 2061-2077, doi:10.1029/2000JB900240.
94. Staudigel, H., A. Zindler, S. R. Hart, T. Leslie, C.-Y. Chen, and D. Clague (1984), The isotopic systematics of a juvenile intraplate volcano: Pb, Nd, and Sr isotope ratios of basalts from Loihi Seamount, Hawaii, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 69, 13-29, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(84)90071-2.
95. Staudigel, H., K.-H. Park, M. S. Pringle, J. L. Rubenstone, W. H. F. Smith, and A. Zindler (1991), The longevity of the south Pacific isotope and thermal anomaly, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 102, 24-44, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(91) 90015-A.
96. Stearns, H. T. (1940), Four-phase volcanism in Hawaii, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 51, 1947-1948.
97. Stille, P., D. M. Unruh, and M. Tatsumoto (1983), Pb, Sr, Nd and Hf isotopic evidence of multiple sources for Oahu, Hawaii basalts, Nature, 304, 25-29, doi:10.1038/304025a0.
98. Storey, M., G. Rogers, A. D. Saunders, and D. J. Terrel (1989), San QuintÍn Volcanic Field, Baja California, México: 'Withinplate magmatism following ridge subduction, Terra Nova, 1, 195-202, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.1989.tb00352.x.
99. Sun, S.-S. (1980), Lead isotopic study of young volcanic rocks from mid-oceanic ridges, ocean islands and island arcs, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 297, 409-445, doi:10.1098/rsta.1980.0224.
100. Sun, S.-S., andW. F. McDonough (1989), Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes, inMagmatism in the Ocean Basins, edited by A. D. Saunders and M. J. Norry, Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 42, 313-345.
101. Tanaka, R., A. Makishima, and E. Nakamura (2008), Hawaiian double volcanic chain triggered by an episodic involvement of recycled material: Constraints from temporal Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopic trend of the Loa-type volcanoes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 265, 450-465, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.10.035.
102. Ten Brink, U. S., and T. M. Brocher (1987), Multichannel seismic evidence for a subcrustal intrusive complex under Oahu and a model for Hawaiian volcanism, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 13, 687-13, 707, doi:10.1029/JB092iB13p13687.
103. Thirlwall, M. F. (1997), Pb isotopic and elemental evidence for OIB derivation from young HIMU mantle, Chem. Geol., 139, 51-74, doi:10.1016/S0009- 2541(97)00033-8.
104. Thoraval, C., A. Tommasi, and M.-P. Doin (2006), Plumelithosphere interaction beneath a fast moving plate, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01301, doi:10.1029/2005GL024047. (Pubitemid 43316182)
105. Turcotte, D. L., and G. Schubert (1982), Geodynamics: Applications of Continuum Physics to Geological Problems, 1st ed., 456 pp., Wiley, New York.
106. Valbracht, P. J., H. Staudigel, M. Honda, I. McDougall, and G. R. Davies (1996), Isotopic tracing of volcanic source regions from Hawaii: Decoupling of gaseous from lithophile magma components, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 144, 185-198, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(96)00126-4.
107. White, W. M., and R. A. Duncan (1996), Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Society Islands: New Evidence for Deep Mantle Recycling, in Earth Processes: Reading the Isotopic Code, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 95, edited by A. Basu and S. R. Hart, pp. 183-206, AGU, Washington, D. C.
108. Willbold, M., and A. Stracke (2006), Trace element composition of mantle end-members: Implications for recycling of oceanic and upper and lower continental crust, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 7, Q04004, doi:10.1029/ 2005GC001005.
109. Woodhead, J. D. (1992), Temporal geochemical evolution in oceanic intra-plate volcanics: A case study from theMarquesas (French Polynesia) and comparison with other hotspots, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 111, 458-467, doi:10.1007/BF00320901.
110. Workman, R. K., S. R. Hart, M. Jackson, M. Regelous, K. A. Farley, J. Blusztajn, M. Kurz, and H. Staudigel (2004), Recycled metasomatized lithosphere as the origin of the Enriched Mantle II (EM2) end-member: Evidence from the Samoan Chain, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 5, Q04008, doi:10.1029/2003GC000623.
111. Wright, E., andW. M. White (1987), The origin of Samoa: New evidence from Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopes, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 81, 151-162, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(87)90152-X.
112. Xu, G., F. A. Frey, D. A. Clague, W. Abouchami, J. Blichert-Toft, B. Cousens, and M. Weisler (2007), Geochemical characteristics of West Molokai shield-and postshield-stage lavas: Constraints on Hawaiian plume models, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 8, Q08G21, doi:10.1029/2006GC001554.
113. Yang, H.-J., F. A. Frey, and D. A. Clague (2003), Constraints on the source components of lavas forming the Hawaiian North Arch and Honolulu Volcanics, J. Petrol., 44, 603-627, doi:10.1093/petrology/44.4.603.
114. Zindler, A., and S. R. Hart (1986), Chemical geodynamics, Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 14, 493-571, doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.14.050186.002425.
115. Zindler, A., H. Staudigel, and R. Batiza (1984), Isotope and trace element geochemistry of young Pacific seamounts: Implications for the scale of upper mantle heterogeneity, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 70, 175-195, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(84)90004-9.