Dysthymic disorder: Forlorn and overlooked?

Psychiatry

Volumn 6, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 46-50

  Sansone, Randy A ^a,b   Sansone, Lori A ^c  

^a WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b KETTERING MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c WRIGHT PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE   (United States)

Author keywords

Depression; Dysthymia; Dysthymic disorder; Mood disorder

Indexed keywords

DULOXETINE;

ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; COMORBIDITY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; DISEASE COURSE; DYSTHYMIA; GENETIC HETEROGENEITY; HUMAN; MAJOR DEPRESSION; ONSET AGE; PERSONALITY DISORDER; PREVALENCE; PROGNOSIS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SOMATOFORM DISORDER; SUBSTANCE ABUSE;

EID: 68349128591     PISSN: 15505952     EISSN: 15555194     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. American Psychiatric Association. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, Inc., 2000.
2. Weissman MM, Leaf PJ, Bruce ML, Florio L. The epidemiology of dysthymia in five communities: rates, risks, comorbidity, and treatment. Am J Psychiatry. 1988;145:815-819.
3. Kessler RC, McGonagle KA, Zhao S, et al. Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States from the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994:51:8-19.
4. Waraich P, Goldner EM, Somers JM, Hsu L. Prevalence and incidence studies of mood disorders: a systematic review of the literature. Can J Psychiatry. 2004;49:124-138.
5. Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, Smit JH, et al. Dysthymia in later life: a study in the community. J Affect Disord. 2004;81:191-199.
6. Howland RH. General health, health care utilization, and medical comorbidity in dysthymia. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1993;23:211-238.
7. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Kroenke K, et al. Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care. The PRIME-MD 1000 study. JAMA. 1994;272:1749-1756.
8. Lecrubier Y, Weiller E. Characteristics, recognition and treatment of dysthymics in primary care. Eur Psychiatry. 1998;13:198-202.
9. Baldwin DS. Dysthymia: options in pharmacotherapy. In: Palmer KJ (ed). Managing Depressive Disorders. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins, 2000:17-28.
10. Aragones E, Pinol JL, Labad A, et al. Prevalence and determinants of depressive disorders in primary care practice in Spain. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2004;34:21-35.
11. Anisman H, Ravindran AV, Griffiths J, Merali Z. Interleukin-1 beta production in dysthymia before and after pharmacotherapy. Biol Psychiatry. 1999;46:1649-1655.
12. Ravidran AV, Chudzik J, Bialik RJ, et al. Platelet serotonin measures in primary dysthymia. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151:1369-1371.
13. Tripodianakis J, Markianos M, Sarantidis D, et al. Platelet MAO activity in patients with dysthymic disorder. Psychiatry Res. 1998;78:173-178.
14. Lizardi H, Klein DN. Parental psychopathology and reports of the childhood home environment in adults with early-onset dysthymic disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2000;188:63-70.
15. Anonymous. Dysthymia: psychotherapists and patients confront the high cost of "low-grade" depression. Harv Ment Health Lett. 2005; 21:1-3.
16. Arnow BA, Constantino MJ. Effectiveness of psychotherapy and combination treatment for chronic depression. J Clin Psychol. 2003;59:893-905.
17. Autonell J, Vila F, Pinto-Meza A, et al. One year prevalence of mental disorders comorbidity and associated sociodemographic risk factors in the general population of Spain. Results of the ESEMeD-Spain study. Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2007;35:4-11.
18. Klein DN, Riso LP, Anderson RL. DSM-III-R dysthymia: antecedents and underlying assumptions. Prog Exp Pers Psychopathol Res. 1993;16:222-253.
19. Sansone RA, Correll T. Dysthymia disorder: the persistent depression. Hosp Physician Board Rev Man. 2005;9:1-12.
20. Klein DN, Schwartz JE, Rose S, Leader JB. Five-year course and outcome of dysthymic disorder: a prospective, naturalistic follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157:931-939.
21. Kessing LV. Epidemiology of subtypes of depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2007;433:85-89.
22. Nuyen J, Volkers AC, Verhaak PF, et al. Accuracy of diagnosing depression in primary care: the impact of chronic somatic and psychiatric co-morbidity. Psychol Med. 2005;35:1185-1195.
23. Dunner DL. Dysthymia and double depression. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2005;17:3-8.
24. Koran LM, Aboujaoude EN, Gamel NN. Duloxetine treatment of dysthymia and double depression: an open-label trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68:761-765.
25. Howland RH. Pharmacotherapy of dysthymia: a review. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1991;11:83-92.
26. Fawcett J. Antidepressants: partial response in chronic depression. Br J Psychiatry Suppl. 1994;26:37-41.
27. McCollough JP. Treatment for Chronic Depression: Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy. New York: Guildford, 2000.
28. Markowitz JC. Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Dysthymic Disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press, Inc., 1998.
29. Markowitz JC. Interpersonal psychotherapy for chronic depression. J Clin Psychol. 2003;59:847-858.
30. McCullough JP. Psychotherapy for dysthymia. A naturalistic study of ten patients. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1991;179:734-740.
31. Hellerstein DJ, Little SA, Samstag LW, et al. Adding group psychotherapy to medication treatment in dysthymia: a randomized prospective pilot study. J Psychother Pract Res. 2001;10:93-103.
32. Williams JW Jr, Barrett J, Oxman T, et al. Treatment of dysthymia and minor depression in primary care: a randomized controlled trial in older adults. JAMA. 2000;284:1519-1526.
33. Markowitz JC, Kocsis JH, Bleiberg KL, et al. A comparative trial of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for "pure" dysthymic patients. J Affect Disord. 2005;89:167-175.
34. Klein DN, Shankman SA, Rose S. Ten-year prospective follow-up study of the naturalistic course of dysthymic disorder and double depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163:872-880.
35. Hybels CF, Blazer DG, Steffens DC. Predictors of partial remission in older patients treated for major depression: the role of comorbid dysthymia. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2005;13:713-721.
36. Subodh BN, Avasthi A, Chakrabarti S. Psychosocial impact of dysthymia: a study among married patients. J Affect Disord. 2008;109:199-204.
37. Rashed S, Kamel S, Hassan M, Mahfouz A. Psychometric study of dysthymic patients and their first-degree relatives. J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 2001;76:89-105.
38. Flory V, Vance ALA, Birleson P, Luk ESL. Early-onset dysthymic disorder in children and adolescents: clinical implications and future directions. Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2002;7:79-84.
39. Durbin CE, Klein DN, Schwartz JE. Predicting the 2 1/2-year outcome of dysthymic disorder: the role of childhood adversity and family history of psychopathology. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2000;68:57-63.
40. Hayden EP, Klein DN. Outcome of dysthymic disorder at 5-year follow-up: the effect of familial psychopathology, early adversity, personality, comorbidity, and chronic stress. Am J Psychiatry. 2001;158:1864-1870.
41. Tyrer P, Seivewright H, Johnson T. The Nottingham Study of Neurotic Disorder: predictors of 12-year outcome of dysthymic, panic and generalized anxiety disorder. Psychol Med. 2004;34:1385-1394.
42. Klein DN, Shankman SA, Rose S. Dysthymic disorder and double depression: prediction of 10-year course trajectories and outcomes. J Psychiatr Res. 2008;42:408-415.
43. Gopinath S, Katon WJ, Russo JE, Ludman EJ. Clinical factors associated with relapse in primary care patients with chronic or recurrent depression. J Affect Disord. 2007;101:57-63.