Phytolith taphonomy: a comparison of dry ashing and acid extraction on the breakdown of conjoined phytoliths formed in Triticum durum

Journal of Archaeological Science

Volumn 36, Issue 10, 2009, Pages 2402-2407

  Jenkins, Emma ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF READING   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Acid extraction; Arid regions; Dry ashing; Phytoliths; Taphonomy

Indexed keywords

ARID REGION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEHYDRATION; EXTRACTION METHOD; OXIDATION; PHYTOLITH; PROCESSING; TAPHONOMY; VAPORIZATION; WHEAT;

TRITICUM TURGIDUM SUBSP. DURUM;

EID: 68349092706     PISSN: 03054403     EISSN: 10959238     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2009.06.028     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Ball T., Gardner J.S., and Brotherson J.D. Identifying phytoliths produced by the inflorescence bracts of three species of wheat (Triticum monococcum L., T. Dicoccon Schrank., and T. aestivum L.) using computer-assisted image and statistical analyses. J. Archaeol. Sci. 23 (1996) 619-632
2. Ball T.B., Gardner J.S., and Anderson N. Identifying inflorescence phytoliths from selected species of wheat (Triticum monococcum, T. dicoccon, T. dicoccoides, and T. aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare and H. spontaneum) (Gramineae). Am. J. Bot 86 (1999) 1615-1623
3. Ball T.B., Gardner J.S., and Anderson N. An approach to identifying inflorescence phytoliths from selected species of wheat and barley. In: Meunier J.D., and Colin F. (Eds). Phytoliths: Applications in Earth Sciences and Human History (2001), A.A. Balkema Publishers, Lisse, Netherlands 289-301
4. Bartoli F., and Wilding L.P. Dissolution of biogenic opal as a function of its physical and chemical properties. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J 44 (1980) 873-878
5. Bowdery D. Phytolith analysis: introduction and applications. In: Beck S., Clarke W., and Head A. (Eds). Plants in Australian Archaeology (1989), Watson Ferguson & Company, Brisbane 161-186
6. Darwin C. An account of the fine dust which often falls on vessels in the Atlantic Ocean. Q.J. Geol. Soc. Lond 22 (1846) 26-30
7. Hallsworth E.G., and Waring H.D. Studies in pedogenesis in New South Wales, VIII. An alternative hypothesis for the formation of the solodized-solenetz of the Pilligia District. J. Archaeol. Sci. 15 (1964) 158-177
8. Harvey E.L., and Fuller D.G. Investigating crop processing using phytolith analysis: the example of rice and millets. J. Archaeol. Sci. 32 (2005) 739-752
9. Jones R.L., and Beavers A.H. Aspects of caternary and depth distribution of opal phytoliths in Illinois soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 28 (1964) 413-416
10. Jones L.H.P., and Handreck K.A. Silica in soils, plants and animals. Adv. Agron 19 (1967) 107-149
11. Jones L.H.P., and Milne A.A. Studies of silica in the oat plant: I. Chemical and physical properties of the silica. Plant Soil 18 (1963) 207-220
12. Kalisz P.J., and Stone E.L. The Longleaf Pine islands of the Ocala National Forest, Florida: a soil study. Ecology 65 (1984) 1743-1754
13. Krauskopf K.B. Dissolution and precipitation of silica at low temperatures. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 10 (1956) 1-26
14. Labouriau L. Phytolith work in Brazil: a mini review. Phytolitharien Newslett 2 (1983) 6-10
15. Mithen S.J., Jenkins E., Jamjoum K., Nuimat S., Nortcliff S., and Finlayson B. Experimental crop growing in Jordan to develop a methodology for the identification of ancient crop irrigation. World Archaeol 40 (2008) 7-25
16. Von Mohl H. Uber das Kieselskelett lebender pflanzenzellen. Bot. Zeit 19 (1861) 209-215
17. Molisch H. Aschenbild und pflanz enverwandtschaft. Sitzungsber. Akad. Wissensch. Abhandl 1 129 (1920) 261-294
18. Parr J.F., Dolic V., Lancaster G., and Boyd W.E. A microwave digestion method for the extraction of Phytoliths from herbarium specimens. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol 116 (2001) 203-212
19. Parr J.F., Lentfer C.J., and Boyd W.E. A comparative analysis of wet and dry ashing techniques for the extraction of phytoliths from modern plant material. J. Archaeol. Sci. 28 (2001) 875-886
20. Parry D.W., and Smithson F. Detection of opaline silica in grass leaves. Nature 179 (1957) 975-976
21. Pearsall D.M. Paleoethnobotany: A Handbook of Procedures (1989), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
22. Pearsall D.M., and Trimble M.K. Identifying past farm activity through soil phytolith analysis: a case study from the Hawaiian Islands. J. Archaeol. Sci. 11 (1984) 199-133
23. Pearsall D.M., Piperno D.R., Dinan E.H., Umlauf M., Zhao Z., and Benfer Jr. R.A. Distinguishing rice (Oryza sativa Poaceae) from wild Oryza species through phytolith analysis: results of preliminary research. Econ. Bot 49 (1995) 183-196
24. Pearsall D.M., Chandler-Ezell K., and Chandler-Ezell A. Identifying maize in neotropical sediments and soils using cob phytoliths. J. Archaeol. Sci. 30 (2003) 611-627
25. Piperno D.R. Phytolith taphonomy and distributions in archaeological sediments from Panama. J. Archaeol. Sci. 12 (1985) 247-267
26. Piperno D.R. Phytolith Analysis: an Archaeological and Geological Perspective (1988), Academic Press, San Diego, CA
27. Piperno D.R. Phytoliths: a Comprehensive Guide for Archaeologists and Paleoecologists (2006), Altamira Press, Oxford
28. Piperno D.R., and Pearsall D.M. Phytoliths in the reproductive structures of maize and teosinte: implications for the study of maize evolution. J. Archaeol. Sci. 20 (1993) 337-362
29. Piperno D.R., and Stothert K.E. Phytolith evidence for early holocene Cucurbita domestication in southwest Ecuador. Science 299 (2003) 1054-1057
30. Piperno D.R., Andrews T.C., and Stothert K.E. Phytoliths in Cucurbita and other Neotropical Cucurbitaceae and their occurrence in early archaeological sites from the Lowland American Tropics. J. Archaeol. Sci. 27 (2000) 193-208
31. Piperno D.R., Holst I., Wessel-Beaver L., and Andres T.C. Evidence for the control formation in Cucurbita fruits by the Hard Rind (HR) genetic locus: archaeological and ecological implications. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99 (2002) 10923-10928
32. Policard A. La microincineration des celleles et des tissues. Protoplasm 7 (1923) 464-481
33. Raeside J.D. Some New Zealand plant opals. NZ J. Sci. 13 (1970) 122-132
34. Rosen A.M., and Weiner S. Identifying ancient irrigation: a new method using opaline phytoliths from emmer wheat. J. Archaeol. Sci. 21 (1994) 125-132
35. Rosen A.M. Phytolith analysis in Near Eastern archaeology. In: Meunier J.D., and Colin F. (Eds). Phytoliths: Applications in Earth Sciences and Human History (1999), A.A. Balkema Publishers, Lisse, Netherlands 183-198
36. Rosen, A.M., 2005. Phytolith indicators of plant and land use at Çatalhöyük, in: Hodder, I. (Ed.), Inhabiting Çatalhöyük: Reports from the 1995-1999 Seasons. McDonald Institute Monographs/BIAA Monograph 39. McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research and British Institute at Ankara, Cambridge and London, pp. 203-212.
37. Webb E.A., and Longstaffe F.J. Climatic influences on the oxygen isotopic composition of biogenic silica in prairie grass. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66 (2002) 1891-1904
38. Wilding L.P., and Drees L.R. Contributions of forest opal and associated crystalline phases to fine silt and clay fractions of soils. Clay Clay Miner 22 (1974) 295-306
39. Zhao Z., Pearsall D.M., Benfer Jr. R.A., and Piperno D.R. Distinguishing rice (Oryza sativa Poaceae) from wild Oryza species through phytoliths analysis, II: Finalized method. Econ. Bot 52 (1998) 134-145
40. Zimmerman A. Botanical Microtechnique [Humphrey, J.E. Trans.] (1901), Henry Holt, New York