Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness meditation

Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 226-241

  Lykins, Emily L B ^a   Baer, Ruth A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

Author keywords

Adaptive functioning; Mechanisms; Meditation; Mindfulness

Indexed keywords

ADJUSTMENT; ADULT; AGED; ANALYSIS; ARTICLE; AUTOREGULATION; BEHAVIOR; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATIONAL STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; EMOTION; FEAR; FEMALE; HUMAN; LIFE; MALE; MEDITATION; PHYSICIAN; PSYCHOLOGY; SAMPLE; SELF REPORT; SKILL;

EID: 68249093551     PISSN: 08898391     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1891/0889-8391.23.3.226     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Baer, R. A. (2003). Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 125-143.
2. Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13, 27-45. (Pubitemid 43812613)
3. Baer , R. A., Smith, G. T., Lykins, E. L. B., Button, D., Krietemeyer, J., Sauer, S., et al. (2008). Facets of selfreported mindfulness in experienced meditators. Assessment , 15, 329-342.
4. Bagby, R. M., Taylor, G. J., & Parker, J. D. A. (1993). The twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale-II: Convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 38, 33-40. (Pubitemid 24018515)
5. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
6. Brefczynski-Lewis, J. A., Lutz, A., Schaefer, H. S., Levinson, D. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2007). Neural correlates of attentional expertise in long-term meditation practitioners. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 104, 11483-11488.
7. Broadbent, D. E., Cooper, P. F., Fitzgerald, P., & Parkes, K. R. (1982). The Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) and its correlates. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 21, 1-16.
8. Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822-848. (Pubitemid 38397259)
9. Carmody, J., & Baer, R. A. (2008). Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 31, 23-33.
10. Cohen, J. (1977). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New York: Academic Press.
11. Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Normal personality assessment in clinical practice: The NEO Personality Inventory. Psychological Assessment, 4, 5-13.
12. Goldberg, L. R. (1999). A broad-bandwidth, public domain, personality inventory measuring the lowerlevel facets of several five-factor models. In I. Mervielde, I. Deary, F. De Fruyt, & F. Ostendorf (Eds.), Personality psychology in Europe (Vol. 7, pp. 7-28). Tilburg: Tilburg University Press.
13. Goldstein, J. (2002). One Dharma: The emerging Western Buddhism . San Francisco: HarperCollins.
14. Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26, 41-54.
15. Grossman, P., Neimann, L., Schmidt, S., & Walach, H. (2004). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and health benefits: A meta-analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 57, 35-43. (Pubitemid 38901093)
16. Hayes, S. C. (2004). Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies. Behavior Therapy, 35, 639-665.
17. Hayes, S. C., Luoma, J., Bond, F., Masuda, A., & Lillis, J. (2006). Acceptance and commitment therapy: Models, processes, and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1-25. (Pubitemid 41656034)
18. Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K., & Wilson, K. G. (1999). Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change . New York: Guilford Press.
19. Kabat-Zinn, J. (1982). An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: Theoretical considerations and preliminary results. General Hospital Psychiatry, 4, 33-47.
20. Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your mind and body to face stress, pain, and illness . New York: Delacorte.
21. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144-156. (Pubitemid 41288840)
22. Keyes, C. L. M. (2007). Promoting and protecting mental health as flourishing: A complementary strategy for improving national mental health. American Psychologist, 62, 95-108.
23. Linehan, M. M. (1993a). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality disorder . New York: Guilford Press.
24. Linehan, M. M. (1993b). Skills training manual for treating borderline personality disorder . New York: Guilford Press.
25. Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 335-343.
26. MacKinnon, D. P., Krull, J. L., & Lockwood, C. M. (2000). Equivalence of the mediation, confounding and suppression effect. Prevention Science, 1, 173-181.
27. MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., Hoffman, J. M., West, S. G., & Sheets, V. (2002). A comparison of methods to test mediation and other intervening variable effects. Psychological Methods, 7, 83-104.
28. Mayer, J. L., & Farmer, R. F. (2003). The development and psychometric evaluation of a new measure of dissociative activities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 80, 185-196.
29. Neff, K. D. (2003a). The development and validation of a scale to measure self- compassion. Self and Identity, 2, 223-250.
30. Neff , K. D. (2003b). Self-compassion; An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self and Identity, 2, 85-102.
31. Nielsen, L., & Kaszniak, A. W. (2006). Awareness of subtle emotional feelings: A comparison of long-term meditators and nonmeditators. Emotion, 6, 392-405. (Pubitemid 44325737)
32. Palmer, B., Donaldson, C., & Stough, C. (2002). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 1091-1100.
33. Ramel, W., Goldin, P. R., Carmona, P. E., & McQuaid, J. R. (2004). The effects of mindfulness meditation on cognitive processes and affect in patients with past depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28, 433-455. (Pubitemid 40655400)
34. Robins, C. J., & Chapman, A. L. (2004). Dialectical behavior therapy: Current status, recent developments, and future directions. Journal of Personality Disorders, 18, 73-89. (Pubitemid 38338011)
35. Ryff, C. (1989). Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 1069-1081.
36. Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey, C., & Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. W. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp. 125-154). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
37. Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse . New York: Guilford Press.
38. Shapiro, D. (1992). A preliminary study of long-term meditators: Goals, effects, religious orientation, cognitions. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 24, 23-39.
39. Shapiro, S. L., Carlson, L. E., Astin, J. A., & Freedman, B. (2006). Mechanisms of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 373-386.
40. Slagter, H. A., Lutz, A., Greischar, L. L., Francis, A. D., Nieuwenhuis, S., David, J. M., et al. (2007). Mental training affects distribution of limited brain resources. PLoS Biology, 5, 0001-0008. (Pubitemid 46919945)
41. Snyder, C. R., & Lopez, S. J. (2002). Handbook of positive psychology . New York: Oxford University Press.
42. Taylor, G. J., Bagby, R. M., & Parker, J. D. (1992). The Revised Toronto Alexithymia Scale: Some reliability, validity, and normative data. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 57, 34-41.
43. Teasdale, J. D. (1999). Metacognition, mindfulness, and the modification of mood disorders. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 6, 146-155.
44. Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V., & Williams, J. M. G. (1995). How does cognitive therapy prevent relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness) training help? Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 225-239.
45. Trapnell, P. D., & Campbell, J. D. (1999). Private self-consciousness and the five-factor model of personality: Distinguishing rumination from reflection. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 284-304.
46. Walsh, R., & Shapiro, S. L. (2006). The meeting of meditative disciplines and western psychology: A mutually enriching dialogue. American Psychologist, 61, 227-239.
47. Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994). Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality, 62, 615-640.
48. Wenzlaff, R. M., & Wegner, D. M. (2000). Thought suppression. Annual Review of Psychology, 511, 59-91.
49. Williams, K. E., Chambless, D. L., & Ahrens, A. (1997). Are emotions frightening? An extension of the fear of fear construct. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 239-248.