Self-interest, symbolic attitudes, and support for public policy: A multilevel analysis

Political Psychology

Volumn 30, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 513-537

  Lau, Richard R ^a   Heldman, Caroline ^b  

^a RUTGERS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Contextual effects; Government health insurance; Guaranteed jobs; Hierarchical linear models; Self interest; Symbolic politics

Indexed keywords

EID: 68149157113     PISSN: 0162895X     EISSN: 14679221     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9221.2009.00713.x     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Achen, C. H. (1982). Interpreting and using regression. Newbury Park, CA : Sage.
2. Achen, C. H. (1985). Proxy variables and incorrect signs on regression coefficients. Political Methodology, 11 (3-4 299 316.)
3. Bartels, L. M. (1996). Uninformed votes: Information effects in presidential elections. American Journal of Political Science, 40, 194 230.
4. Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E. Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York : Wiley.
5. Citrin, J. Green, D. P. (1990). The self-interest motive in American public opinion. In S. Long (Ed. Research in micropolitics (Vol. 3, pp. 1 28). Greenwich, CT : JAI Press.
6. Conover, P. J. Feldman, S. (1989). Candidate perception in an ambiguous world: Campaigns, cues, and inference processes. American Journal of Political Science, 33, 912 940.
7. Converse, P. E. (1964). The nature of belief systems in mass publics. In David E. Apter (Ed. Ideology and discontent (pp. 206 261). New York : Free Press.
8. Converse, P. E. (1970). Attitudes and non-attitudes: Continuation of a dialogue. In Edward R. Tufte (Ed. The quantitative analysis of social problems (pp. 168 189). New York : Addison-Wesley.
9. Downs, A. (1957). An economic theory of democracy. New York : Harper and Row.
10. Feldman, S. (1984). Economic self-interest and the vote: Evidence and meaning. Political Behavior, 6, 229 252.
11. Gomez, B. T. Wilson, J. M. (2001). Political sophistication and economic voting in the American electorate: A theory of heterogeneous attribution. American Journal of Political Science, 45 (October 899 914.
12. Gomez, B. T. Wilson, J. M. (2003). Causal attribution and economic voting in American congressional elections. Political Research Quarterly, 56 (September 271 282. (Pubitemid 37514059)
13. Inglehart, R. (1971). The silent revolution in Europe: Inter-generational change in post-industrial societies. American Political Science Review, 65, 991 1017.
14. Inglehart, R. Abramson, P. R. (1994). Economic security and value change. American Political Science Review, 88, 336 354.
15. Jennings, M. K. Niemi, R. G. (1974). The political character of adolescence: The influence of families and schools. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press.
16. Kinder, D. R. Kiewiet, D. R. (1979). Economic discontent and political behavior: The role of personal grievances and collective economic judgments in congressional voting. American Journal of Political Science, 23, 495 527.
17. Kinder, D. R. Sears, D. O. (1981). Prejudice and politics: Symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 414 431.
18. Kramer, G. H. (1983). The ecological fallacy revisited: Aggregate versus individual-level findings on economics and elections and sociotropic voting. American Political Science Review, 77, 92 111.
19. Kuklinski, J. H. Hurley, N. L. (1994). On hearing and interpreting political messages: A cautionary tale of citizen cue taking. Journal of Politics, 56, 729 751.
20. Lau, R. R. (1990). Political motivation and political cognition. In R. Sorrentino E. T. Higgins (Eds. Handbook of motivation and cognition: Foundations of social behavior (Vol. 2, pp. 297 329). New York : Guilford Press.
21. Lau, R. R. (2003). Models of decision making. In D. O. Sears, L. Huddy R. Jervis (Eds. Oxford handbook of political psychology (pp. 19 59). New York : Oxford University Press.
22. Lau, R. R., Brown, T. A. Sears, D. O. (1978). Self-interest and civilians attitudes toward the war in Vietnam. Public Opinion Quarterly, 42, 464 83.
23. Lau, R. R. Redlawsk, D. P. (2001). Advantages and disadvantages of cognitive heuristics in political decision making. American Journal of Political Science, 45, 951 971.
24. Lau, R. R. Redlawsk, D. P. (2006). How voters decide: Information processing during election campaigns. New York : Cambridge University Press.
25. Lodge, M. Hamill, R. (1986). A partisan schema for political information processing. American Political Science Review, 80, 505 519.
26. Marcus, G. E. MacKuen, M. B. (1993). Anxiety, enthusiasm, and the vote: The emotional underpinnings of learning and involvement during presidential campaigns. American Political Science Review, 87, 672 685.
27. Marcus, G. E., Neuman, W. R. MacKuen, M. (2000). Affective intelligence and political judgment. Chicago : University of Chicago Press.
28. Markus, G. B. (1988). The impact of personal and national economic conditions on the presidential vote: A pooled cross-sectional analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 32, 137 154.
29. Miller, D. T. (1999). The norm of self-interest. American Psychologist, 54 (December 1053 1060.
30. Monroe, K. R. (1979. Econometric analyses of electoral behavior: A critical review. Political Behavior, 1, 137 173.
31. nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage.
32. Riker, W. H. Ordeshook, P. (1973). An introduction to positive political theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice-Hall.
33. Sears, D. O. (1975). Political socialization. In F. I. Greenstein N. W. Polsby (Eds. Handbook of political science (Vol. 2, pp. 93 127). Menlo Park, CA : Addison-Wesley.
34. Sears, D. O. Citrin, J. (1985). Tax revolt: Something for nothing in California. Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press.
35. Sears, D. O. Funk, C. L. (1991). The role of self-interest in social and political attitudes. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 1 91.
36. Sears, D. O., Hensler, C. P. Speer, L. K. (1979). Whites opposition to busing: Self-interest or symbolic politics. American Political Science Review, 73, 369 384.
37. Sears, D. O., Lau, R. R., Tyler, T. R. Allen, H. M. (1980). Self-interest vs. symbolic politics in policy attitudes and presidential voting. American Political Science Review, 74, 670 684.
38. Sears, D. O., Tyler, T. R., Citrin, J. Kinder, D. R. (1978). Political system support and public response to the energy crisis. American Journal of Political Science, 22, 56 82.
39. Sniderman, P. M., Brody, R. A. Tetlock, P. E. (1991). Reasoning and choice: Explorations in political psychology. New York : Cambridge University Press.
40. Steenbergen, M. R. Jones, B. S. (2002). Modeling multilevel data structures. American Journal of Political Science, 46, 218 237. (Pubitemid 33374097)
41. Tourangeau, R. Rasinski, K. (1988). Cognitive processes underlying context effects in attitude measurement. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 299 314.
42. Zaller, J. Feldman, S. (1992). A simple theory of the survey response: Answering questions versus revealing preferences. American Journal of Political Science, 36, 579 616.