메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 105-116

Palaeoecological and historical evidence for manuring and irrigation at Gardar (Igaliku), Norse Eastern Settlement, Greenland

Author keywords

Environmental archaeology; Fossil insects; Greenland; Irrigation; Manure; Norse Eastern Settlement; Palaeoecology; Plaggen; Pollen

Indexed keywords

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; ECTOPARASITE; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; IRRIGATION; MANURE; PALEOECOLOGY; PALEOENVIRONMENT; RADIOCARBON DATING;

EID: 68049131439     PISSN: 09596836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0959683608096602     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (81)
  • 1
    • 33748757648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soils and palaeo-climate based evidence for irrigation requirements in Norse Greenland
    • Adderley, W.P. and Simpson, I.A. 2006: Soils and palaeo-climate based evidence for irrigation requirements in Norse Greenland. Journal of Archaeological Science 33, 1666-79.
    • (2006) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.33 , pp. 1666-79
    • Adderley, W.P.1    Simpson, I.A.2
  • 4
    • 41949133194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greenland irrigation systems on a west Nordic background: An overview of the evidence of irrigation systems in Norse Greenland c. 980-1450 AD
    • Klápste, J., editor, Ruralia V. Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
    • Arneborg, J. 2005: Greenland irrigation systems on a west Nordic background: an overview of the evidence of irrigation systems in Norse Greenland c. 980-1450 AD. In Klápste, J., editor, Water management in medieval rural economy. Památky Archeologickè - Supplementum 17, Ruralia V. Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 137-45.
    • (2005) Water Management in Medieval Rural Economy. Památky Archeologickè - Supplementum 17 , pp. 137-45
    • Arneborg, J.1
  • 7
    • 0000785021 scopus 로고
    • The role of man in European vegetation history
    • Huntley, B. and Webb, T., III, editors, Kluwer Academic Publishers
    • Behre, K-E. 1988: The role of man in European vegetation history. In Huntley, B. and Webb, T., III, editors, Vegetation history. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 633-72.
    • (1988) Vegetation History , pp. 633-72
    • Behre, K.-E.1
  • 9
    • 77953136958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last accessed 6 May 2008
    • Bennett, K.D. 2008 a: Catalogue of pollen types. http://www.chrono.qub. ac.uk/pollen/pc-intro.html (last accessed 6 May 2008 ).
    • (2008) Catalogue of Pollen Types
    • Bennett, K.D.1
  • 11
    • 0001035786 scopus 로고
    • The decline of the Norse settlements in Greenland
    • Berglund, J. 1986: The decline of the Norse settlements in Greenland. Arctic Anthropology 23, 109-35.
    • (1986) Arctic Anthropology , vol.23 , pp. 109-35
    • Berglund, J.1
  • 12
    • 0042140028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of water meadows in the southern counties
    • Cook, H. and Williamson, T., editors, Edinburgh University Press
    • Bettey, J. 1999: The development of water meadows in the southern counties. In Cook, H. and Williamson, T., editors, Water management in the English landscape. Edinburgh University Press, 179-95.
    • (1999) Water Management in the English Landscape , pp. 179-95
    • Bettey, J.1
  • 13
    • 0027067532 scopus 로고
    • The use of rarefaction analysis for estimating palynological richness from Quaternary pollen-analytical data
    • Birks, H.J.B. and Line, J.M. 1992: The use of rarefaction analysis for estimating palynological richness from Quaternary pollen-analytical data. The Holocene 2, 1-10.
    • (1992) The Holocene , vol.2 , pp. 1-10
    • Birks, H.J.B.1    Line, J.M.2
  • 14
    • 0002895722 scopus 로고
    • Notes on the reproductive biology and egg-diapause in Nysius groenlandicus (Zett.) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae)
    • Böcher, J. 1975: Notes on the reproductive biology and egg-diapause in Nysius groenlandicus (Zett.) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae). Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening 138, 21-38.
    • (1975) Videnskabelige Meddelelser Fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening , vol.138 , pp. 21-38
    • Böcher, J.1
  • 15
    • 0001809221 scopus 로고
    • The Coleoptera of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland
    • - 1988: The Coleoptera of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland, Bioscience 26, 1-100.
    • (1988) Bioscience , vol.26 , pp. 1-100
  • 17
    • 38349139420 scopus 로고
    • Ark■ologiske Undersøgelse i Julianehaabs Distrikt
    • Bruun, D. 1895: Ark■ologiske Undersøgelse i Julianehaabs Distrikt. Meddelelser om Grønland 16, 171-461.
    • (1895) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.16 , pp. 171-461
    • Bruun, D.1
  • 18
    • 79955060411 scopus 로고
    • The Icelandic colonization of Greenland and the finding of Vineland
    • - 1918: The Icelandic colonization of Greenland and the finding of Vineland. Meddelelser om Grønland 57, 1-228.
    • (1918) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.57 , pp. 1-228
  • 20
    • 0026066157 scopus 로고
    • Faunal change or taphonomic problem? A comparison of modern and fossil insect faunas from south-east Iceland
    • Maizels, J.K. and Caseldine, C., editors, Kluwer
    • Buckland, P.C., Dugmore, A. and Sadler, J.P. 1991: Faunal change or taphonomic problem? A comparison of modern and fossil insect faunas from south-east Iceland. In Maizels, J.K. and Caseldine, C., editors, Environmental change in Iceland: past and present. Kluwer, 127-46.
    • (1991) Environmental Change in Iceland: Past and Present , pp. 127-46
    • Buckland, P.C.1    Dugmore, A.2    Sadler, J.P.3
  • 22
    • 0000911139 scopus 로고
    • Point count estimation of charcoal in pollen preparations and thin sections of sediments
    • Clark, R.L. 1982: Point count estimation of charcoal in pollen preparations and thin sections of sediments. Pollen et Spores 24, 523-35.
    • (1982) Pollen et Spores , vol.24 , pp. 523-35
    • Clark, R.L.1
  • 23
  • 25
    • 68049138579 scopus 로고
    • Animal bones from the Norse ruins at Gardar
    • Degerbøl, M. 1929: Animal bones from the Norse ruins at Gardar. Meddelelser om Grønland 76, 183-92.
    • (1929) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.76 , pp. 183-92
    • Degerbøl, M.1
  • 28
    • 0002834301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Mesolithic of the Western and Northern Isles of Scotland? Evidence from pollen and charcoal
    • Pollard, T. and Morrison, T.A., editors, Scotland. Edinburgh University Press
    • Edwards, K.J. 1996: A Mesolithic of the Western and Northern Isles of Scotland? Evidence from pollen and charcoal. In Pollard, T. and Morrison, T.A., editors, The early prehistory of Scotland. Edinburgh University Press, 23-38.
    • (1996) The Early Prehistory of , pp. 23-38
    • Edwards, K.J.1
  • 29
    • 0025589357 scopus 로고
    • Flooding in Scania: A method to overcome the deficiency of nutrients in agriculture in the nineteenth century
    • Emanuelsson, U. and Moller, J. 1990: Flooding in Scania: a method to overcome the deficiency of nutrients in agriculture in the nineteenth century. Agricultural History Review 38, 136-48.
    • (1990) Agricultural History Review , vol.38 , pp. 136-48
    • Emanuelsson, U.1    Moller, J.2
  • 30
    • 0007632441 scopus 로고
    • Palaeo-ecological investigations in coastal VCurrency signsterbotten, N. Sweden
    • Engelmark, R., Olsson, I.U., Renberg, I. and Zackrisson, O. 1976: Palaeo-ecological investigations in coastal VCurrency signsterbotten, N. Sweden. Early Norrland 9, 1-164.
    • (1976) Early Norrland , vol.9 , pp. 1-164
    • Engelmark, R.1    Olsson, I.U.2    Renberg, I.3    Zackrisson, O.4
  • 31
    • 0021543488 scopus 로고
    • A phytogeographical study of south Greenland. Vascular plants. Meddelelser om Grønland
    • Feilberg, J. 1984: A phytogeographical study of south Greenland. Vascular plants. Meddelelser om Grønland, Bioscience 15, 1-69.
    • (1984) Bioscience , vol.15 , pp. 1-69
    • Feilberg, J.1
  • 32
    • 68049138578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last accessed 6 May 2008
    • Fauna Europaea 2008: http://www.faunaeur.org (last accessed 6 May 2008).
    • (2008) Fauna Europaea
  • 33
    • 0002743458 scopus 로고
    • Studies in the vegetational history of Greenland
    • Fredskild, B. 1973: Studies in the vegetational history of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 198, 1-245.
    • (1973) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.198 , pp. 1-245
    • Fredskild, B.1
  • 34
    • 0003808423 scopus 로고
    • Agriculture in a marginal area - South Greenland from the Norse landnám (985 AD) to the present (1985 AD)
    • Cambridge University Press
    • - 1988: Agriculture in a marginal area - south Greenland from the Norse landnám (985 AD) to the present (1985 AD). In Birks, H.H., Birks, H.J.B., Kaland, P.E. and Moe, D., editors, The cultural landscape - past, present and future. Cambridge University Press, 381-93.
    • (1988) The Cultural Landscape - Past, Present and Future , pp. 381-93
    • Birks, H.H.1    Birks, H.J.B.2    Kaland, P.E.3    Moe, D.4
  • 35
    • 0023163609 scopus 로고
    • CONISS: A FORTRAN 77 program for stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis by the method of incremental sum of squares
    • Grimm, E.C. 1987: CONISS: a FORTRAN 77 program for stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis by the method of incremental sum of squares. Computers and Geoscience 13, 13-35.
    • (1987) Computers and Geoscience , vol.13 , pp. 13-35
    • Grimm, E.C.1
  • 36
    • 0003712516 scopus 로고
    • Illinois State Museum.
    • - 1991: TILIA and TILIA*GRAPH. Illinois State Museum.
    • (1991) TILIA and TILIA*GRAPH
  • 37
    • 68049130561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last accessed 3 April 2008
    • - 2008: TGView version 2.0.2 http://museum.state.il.us/pub/grimm/ (last accessed 3 April 2008 ).
    • (2008) TGView Version 2.0.2
  • 38
    • 68049141435 scopus 로고
    • Grönland midaldaritum
    • Halld3rsson
    • Halld3rsson, ". 1978: Grönland midaldaritum. Sögufèlag.
    • (1978) Sögufèlag
  • 39
    • 0030618428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive restriction of host plant exploitation along a climatic gradient: The willow psyllid Cacopsylla groenlandica in Greenland
    • Hodkinson, I.D. 1997: Progressive restriction of host plant exploitation along a climatic gradient: the willow psyllid Cacopsylla groenlandica in Greenland. Ecological Entomology 22, 47-54.
    • (1997) Ecological Entomology , vol.22 , pp. 47-54
    • Hodkinson, I.D.1
  • 40
    • 68049135011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reassessment of the development of the cathedral at Gardar, Greenland
    • Høegsberg, M.S. 2007: A reassessment of the development of the cathedral at Gardar, Greenland. Archaeologia Islandica 6, 74-96.
    • (2007) Archaeologia Islandica , vol.6 , pp. 74-96
    • Høegsberg, M.S.1
  • 41
    • 5844258351 scopus 로고
    • Beskrivelse af Ruiner i Julianehaabs Distrikt
    • Holm, G.F. 1883: Beskrivelse af Ruiner i Julianehaabs Distrikt. Meddelelser om Grønland 6, 57-145.
    • (1883) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.6 , pp. 57-145
    • Holm, G.F.1
  • 45
    • 68049128854 scopus 로고
    • G¥rd og seter p¥ Grønland - Et forsøk p¥ ¥ analysere ressurstilgangen ved help av satelettbilder
    • Keller, C. 1983: G¥rd og seter p¥ Grønland - et forsøk p¥ ¥ analysere ressurstilgangen ved help av satelettbilder. In "lafsson, G., editor, Hus, g¥rd og bebyggelse. Föredrag fr¥n det XVI nordiska arkeolmøtet, Island 1982. j3dminjasafn slands, 59-66.
    • (1983) J3dminjasafn slands , pp. 59-66
    • Keller, C.1
  • 47
    • 68049121155 scopus 로고
    • Kunstvanding - Hemmeligheden bag Grønlandspispens hundrede køer
    • - 1974: Kunstvanding - hemmeligheden bag Grønlandspispens hundrede køer. Nationalmuseets Arbejdsmark, 71-79.
    • (1974) Nationalmuseets Arbejdsmark , pp. 71-79
  • 51
    • 68049146586 scopus 로고
    • Irrigation in Norway and elsewhere in northern Europe
    • Michelsen, P. 1987: Irrigation in Norway and elsewhere in northern Europe. Tools & Tillage 5, 243-60.
    • (1987) Tools & Tillage , vol.5 , pp. 243-60
    • Michelsen, P.1
  • 52
    • 68049138577 scopus 로고
    • Christian Ejlers Forlag.
    • - 1995: Vand til tørstig jord. Christian Ejlers Forlag.
    • (1995) Vand Til Tørstig Jord
  • 54
    • 0343063778 scopus 로고
    • Norse ruins at Gardar: The episcopal seat of mediaeval Greenland
    • Nörlund, P. 1929: Norse ruins at Gardar: the episcopal seat of mediaeval Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 76, 1-171.
    • (1929) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.76 , pp. 1-171
    • Nörlund, P.1
  • 56
    • 5144225410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dipterous remains and archaeological interpretation
    • Panagiotakopulu, E. 2004: Dipterous remains and archaeological interpretation. Journal of Archaeological Science 31, 1675-84.
    • (2004) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.31 , pp. 1675-84
    • Panagiotakopulu, E.1
  • 57
    • 33947409178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fossil insect evidence for the end of the Western Settlement in Norse Greenland
    • Panagiotakopulu, E., Skidmore, P. and Buckland, P.C. 2007: Fossil insect evidence for the end of the Western Settlement in Norse Greenland. Naturwissenschaften 94, 300-306.
    • (2007) Naturwissenschaften , vol.94 , pp. 300-306
    • Panagiotakopulu, E.1    Skidmore, P.2    Buckland, P.C.3
  • 58
    • 9544221123 scopus 로고
    • Adventitious plants and cultivated plants in Greenland
    • Pedersen, A. 1972: Adventitious plants and cultivated plants in Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 178, 1-99.
    • (1972) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.178 , pp. 1-99
    • Pedersen, A.1
  • 59
    • 5244338774 scopus 로고
    • Alien plants and apophytes of Greenland
    • Porsild, M.P. 1932: Alien plants and apophytes of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 92, 1-85.
    • (1932) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.92 , pp. 1-85
    • Porsild, M.P.1
  • 61
    • 68049117853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hill irrigation in Valais (Swiss Alps). Recent evolution of common-property corporations
    • Pradham, P. and Gautam, U., editors, Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems Promotion Trust
    • Reynard, E. 2002: Hill irrigation in Valais (Swiss Alps). Recent evolution of common-property corporations. In Pradham, P. and Gautam, U., editors, Farmer managed irrigation systems in the changed context. Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems Promotion Trust, 343-61.
    • (2002) Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems in the Changed Context , pp. 343-61
    • Reynard, E.1
  • 62
    • 5544237790 scopus 로고
    • Farms and churches in the mediaeval Norse settlements of Greenland
    • Roussell, A. 1941: Farms and churches in the mediaeval Norse settlements of Greenland. Meddelelser om Grønland 89, 1-354.
    • (1941) Meddelelser Om Grønland , vol.89 , pp. 1-354
    • Roussell, A.1
  • 63
    • 0029541079 scopus 로고
    • Soils of some Norse settlements in south-western Greenland
    • Rutherford, G.K. 1995: Soils of some Norse settlements in south-western Greenland. Arctic 48, 324-28.
    • (1995) Arctic , vol.48 , pp. 324-28
    • Rutherford, G.K.1
  • 64
    • 33846927723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modern pollen-vegetation relationships in subarctic southern Greenland and the interpretation of fossil pollen data from the Norse landnám
    • Schofield, J.E., Edwards, K.J. and McMullen, A.J. 2007: Modern pollen-vegetation relationships in subarctic southern Greenland and the interpretation of fossil pollen data from the Norse landnám. Journal of Biogeography 34, 473-88.
    • (2007) Journal of Biogeography , vol.34 , pp. 473-88
    • Schofield, J.E.1    Edwards, K.J.2    McMullen, A.J.3
  • 65
    • 33947384027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geoarchaeology of the GUS site: A preliminary framework
    • Arneborg, J. and Gulløv, H.C., editors, Danish National Museum and Danish Polar Centre
    • Schweger, C.E. 1998: Geoarchaeology of the GUS site: a preliminary framework. In Arneborg, J. and Gulløv, H.C., editors, Man, culture and environment in ancient Greenland. Danish National Museum and Danish Polar Centre, 14-18.
    • (1998) Man, Culture and Environment in Ancient Greenland , pp. 14-18
    • Schweger, C.E.1
  • 68
    • 68049141434 scopus 로고
    • Commentary on 'Hunt, R.C. and Hunt, E. 1976. Canal irrigation and local social organization'
    • Steensberg, A. 1976: Commentary on 'Hunt, R.C. and Hunt, E. 1976. Canal irrigation and local social organization'. Current Anthropology 17, 403-404.
    • (1976) Current Anthropology , vol.17 , pp. 403-404
    • Steensberg, A.1
  • 69
    • 0000210830 scopus 로고
    • Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis
    • Stockmarr, J. 1971: Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis. Pollen et Spores 13, 615-21.
    • (1971) Pollen et Spores , vol.13 , pp. 615-21
    • Stockmarr, J.1
  • 70
    • 0027464565 scopus 로고
    • Extended C database and revised CALIB radiocarbon calibration program
    • Stuiver, M. and Reimer, P.J. 1993: Extended C database and revised CALIB radiocarbon calibration program. Radiocarbon 35, 215-30.
    • (1993) Radiocarbon , vol.35 , pp. 215-30
    • Stuiver, M.1    Reimer, P.J.2
  • 72
    • 0001955738 scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of unconsolidated sediments
    • Troels-Smith, J. 1955: Characterisation of unconsolidated sediments. Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse, Series IV 3, 1-73.
    • (1955) Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse , vol.3 , pp. 1-73
    • Troels-Smith, J.1
  • 73
    • 68049121152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • last accessed 6 May 2008
    • Unesco 2008: http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1781/ (last accessed 6 May 2008 ).
    • (2008)
  • 74
    • 0038830727 scopus 로고
    • Man-made soils in the Netherlands, especially in sandy areas ('plaggen soils')
    • van de Westeringh, W. 1988: Man-made soils in the Netherlands, especially in sandy areas ('plaggen soils'). In Groenman-van Waateringe, W. and Robinson, M., editors, Man-made soils. British Archaeological Reports S410, 5-20.
    • (1988) Man-made Soils. British Archaeological Reports , vol.410 , pp. 5-20
    • Van De Westeringh, W.1
  • 75
    • 0038170045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental reconstruction of a Roman Period settlement site in Uitgeest (The Netherlands), with special reference to coprophilous fungi
    • van Geel, B., Buurman, J., Brinkkemper, O., Schelvis, J., Aptroot, A., van Reenen, G. and Hakbijl, T. 2003: Environmental reconstruction of a Roman Period settlement site in Uitgeest (The Netherlands), with special reference to coprophilous fungi. Journal of Archaeological Science 30, 873-83.
    • (2003) Journal of Archaeological Science , vol.30 , pp. 873-83
    • Van Geel, B.1    Buurman, J.2    Brinkkemper, O.3    Schelvis, J.4    Aptroot, A.5    Van Reenen, G.6    Hakbijl, T.7
  • 76
    • 0002856885 scopus 로고
    • Stratigraphical indications of the former use of wetlands
    • Balkema
    • Vasari, Y. and Vnen, K. 1986: Stratigraphical indications of the former use of wetlands. In Behre, K.-E., editor, Anthropogenic indicators in pollen diagrams. Balkema, 65-72.
    • (1986) Anthropogenic Indicators in Pollen Diagrams , pp. 65-72
    • Vasari, Y.1    Vnen, K.2
  • 78
    • 5144227402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insect remains from the rock-cut pit
    • Carrick Castle: Symbol and source of Campbell power in south Argyll from the 14th to the 17th century
    • Warsop, C. and Skidmore, P. 1998: Insect remains from the rock-cut pit. In Ewart, G. and Baker, F., editors, Carrick Castle: symbol and source of Campbell power in south Argyll from the 14th to the 17th century. Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 128, 987-92.
    • (1998) Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland , vol.128 , pp. 987-92
    • Warsop, C.1    Skidmore, P.2
  • 79
    • 84974924141 scopus 로고
    • The definition of ancient manured zones by means of extensive sherd-sampling techniques
    • Wilkinson, T.J. 1982: The definition of ancient manured zones by means of extensive sherd-sampling techniques. Journal of Field Archaeology 9, 323-33.
    • (1982) Journal of Field Archaeology , vol.9 , pp. 323-33
    • Wilkinson, T.J.1
  • 80
    • 0034119594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of Heleomyza borealis (Diptera, Heleomyzidae) larvae to -60°C
    • Worland, M.R., Block, W. and Grubor-Lajsic, G. 2000: Survival of Heleomyza borealis (Diptera, Heleomyzidae) larvae to -60°C. Physiological Entomology 25, 1-5.
    • (2000) Physiological Entomology , vol.25 , pp. 1-5
    • Worland, M.R.1    Block, W.2    Grubor-Lajsic, G.3
  • 81
    • 68049124069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yakut 2008: www.sitc.ru/konkurs/Cattle/Html/cattleng.htm (last accessed 6 May 2008 ).
    • (2008) Yakut 2008


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.