메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 142, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1922-1929

Effects of sika deer on vegetation in Japan: A review

Author keywords

Browsing; Dwarf bamboo; Forestry damage; Indirect effect; Japan; Population control; Sika deer

Indexed keywords

BAMBOO; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; BROWSING; CANOPY GAP; DEER; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE; GRASS; GRAZING; HERBIVORY; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION REGULATION; RANGE EXPANSION; RODENT; SEED DISPERSAL; SEEDLING; UNDERSTORY; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; VEGETATION STRUCTURE;

EID: 67949123187     PISSN: 00063207     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.011     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (313)

References (80)
  • 1
    • 0033521590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bark-stripping by Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on population dynamics of a mixed forest in Japan
    • Akashi N., and Nakashizuka T. Effects of bark-stripping by Sika deer (Cervus nippon) on population dynamics of a mixed forest in Japan. Forest Ecology and Management 113 (1999) 75-82
    • (1999) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.113 , pp. 75-82
    • Akashi, N.1    Nakashizuka, T.2
  • 3
    • 0028180761 scopus 로고
    • Height of white-flowered trillium (Trillium grandiflorum) as an index of deer browsing intensity
    • Anderson R.C. Height of white-flowered trillium (Trillium grandiflorum) as an index of deer browsing intensity. Ecological Applications 4 (1994) 104-109
    • (1994) Ecological Applications , vol.4 , pp. 104-109
    • Anderson, R.C.1
  • 4
    • 0031667986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of white-tailed deer on populations of an understory forb fragmented deciduous forests
    • Augustine D.J., and Frelich L.E. Effects of white-tailed deer on populations of an understory forb fragmented deciduous forests. Conservation Biology 12 (1998) 995-1004
    • (1998) Conservation Biology , vol.12 , pp. 995-1004
    • Augustine, D.J.1    Frelich, L.E.2
  • 5
    • 0028163706 scopus 로고
    • The implications of red deer grazing to ground vegetation and invertebrate communities of Scottish native pinewoods
    • Baines D., Sage R.B., and Baines M.M. The implications of red deer grazing to ground vegetation and invertebrate communities of Scottish native pinewoods. Journal of Applied Ecology 31 (1994) 776-783
    • (1994) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.31 , pp. 776-783
    • Baines, D.1    Sage, R.B.2    Baines, M.M.3
  • 9
    • 0028161096 scopus 로고
    • Effect of white-tailed deer on songbirds within managed forests in Pennsylvania
    • DeCalesta D.S. Effect of white-tailed deer on songbirds within managed forests in Pennsylvania. Journal of Wildlife Management 58 (1994) 711-717
    • (1994) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.58 , pp. 711-717
    • DeCalesta, D.S.1
  • 10
    • 0030776281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative deer density and sustainability: a conceptual framework for integrating deer management with ecosystem management
    • DeCalesta D.S., and Stout S.L. Relative deer density and sustainability: a conceptual framework for integrating deer management with ecosystem management. Wildlife Society Bulletin 25 (1997) 252-258
    • (1997) Wildlife Society Bulletin , vol.25 , pp. 252-258
    • DeCalesta, D.S.1    Stout, S.L.2
  • 11
    • 0029667690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant species lost in an isolated conservation area in metropolitan Boston from 1894 to 1993
    • Drayton B., and Primack R.B. Plant species lost in an isolated conservation area in metropolitan Boston from 1894 to 1993. Conservation Biology 19 (1996) 30-39
    • (1996) Conservation Biology , vol.19 , pp. 30-39
    • Drayton, B.1    Primack, R.B.2
  • 12
    • 0034881684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of deer on woodland butterflies: the food, the bad and the complex
    • Feber R.E., Brereton T.M., Warren M.S., and Oates M. The impacts of deer on woodland butterflies: the food, the bad and the complex. Forestry 74 (2001) 271-276
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 271-276
    • Feber, R.E.1    Brereton, T.M.2    Warren, M.S.3    Oates, M.4
  • 13
    • 0034882076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of woodland deer on small mammal ecology
    • Flowerdrew J.R., and Ellwood S.A. Impacts of woodland deer on small mammal ecology. Forestry 74 (2001) 277-287
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 277-287
    • Flowerdrew, J.R.1    Ellwood, S.A.2
  • 14
    • 0022219621 scopus 로고
    • Current and predicted long-term effects of deer browsing in hemlock forests in Michigan, USA
    • Frelich L.E., and Lorimer C.G. Current and predicted long-term effects of deer browsing in hemlock forests in Michigan, USA. Biological Conservation 34 (1985) 99-120
    • (1985) Biological Conservation , vol.34 , pp. 99-120
    • Frelich, L.E.1    Lorimer, C.G.2
  • 15
    • 0034882158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses of woodland birds to increasing numbers of deer: a review and mechanisms
    • Fuller R.J. Responses of woodland birds to increasing numbers of deer: a review and mechanisms. Forestry 74 (2001) 289-298
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 289-298
    • Fuller, R.J.1
  • 16
    • 0034882212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological impacts of increasing numbers of deer in British woodland
    • Fuller R.J., and Gill R.M.A. Ecological impacts of increasing numbers of deer in British woodland. Forestry 74 (2001) 193-199
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 193-199
    • Fuller, R.J.1    Gill, R.M.A.2
  • 17
    • 0032941606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fern understory as an ecological filter: emergence and establishment of canopy-tree seedling
    • George L.O., and Bazzaz F.A. The fern understory as an ecological filter: emergence and establishment of canopy-tree seedling. Ecology 80 (1999) 833-845
    • (1999) Ecology , vol.80 , pp. 833-845
    • George, L.O.1    Bazzaz, F.A.2
  • 18
    • 0034888180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of deer on woodlands: the effects of browsing and seed dispersal on vegetation structure and composition
    • Gill R.M.A., and Beadall V. The impact of deer on woodlands: the effects of browsing and seed dispersal on vegetation structure and composition. Forestry 65 (2001) 209-218
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.65 , pp. 209-218
    • Gill, R.M.A.1    Beadall, V.2
  • 19
    • 0001324972 scopus 로고
    • The use of life form and growth form in the analysis of community structure, as illustrated by a comparison of two dune communities
    • Gimingham C.H. The use of life form and growth form in the analysis of community structure, as illustrated by a comparison of two dune communities. Journal of Ecology 39 (1951) 396-406
    • (1951) Journal of Ecology , vol.39 , pp. 396-406
    • Gimingham, C.H.1
  • 20
    • 67949119579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetational changes of Mt. Nikko-Shirane caused by sika deer herbivory
    • (in Japanese)
    • Hasegawa J. Vegetational changes of Mt. Nikko-Shirane caused by sika deer herbivory. The Journal of Phytogeography and Taxonomy 48 (2000) 47-57 (in Japanese)
    • (2000) The Journal of Phytogeography and Taxonomy , vol.48 , pp. 47-57
    • Hasegawa, J.1
  • 21
    • 0030417343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of ecosystems by ungulates
    • Hobbs N.T. Modification of ecosystems by ungulates. Journal of Wildlife Management 60 (1996) 695-713
    • (1996) Journal of Wildlife Management , vol.60 , pp. 695-713
    • Hobbs, N.T.1
  • 22
    • 0013258052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenges and opportunities in integrating ecological knowledge across scales
    • Hobbs N.T. Challenges and opportunities in integrating ecological knowledge across scales. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 223-238
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 223-238
    • Hobbs, N.T.1
  • 23
    • 0000252903 scopus 로고
    • Digestive physiology of deer: Their morphophysiological specialisation and adaptation
    • Royal Society of New Zealand
    • Hofmann, R.R., 1985. Digestive physiology of deer: their morphophysiological specialisation and adaptation. Royal Society of New Zealand, Bulletin 22, 393-407.
    • (1985) Bulletin , vol.22 , pp. 393-407
    • Hofmann, R.R.1
  • 24
    • 0042125271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of large herbivores on mountain forest stands in the Beskydy Mountains
    • Homolka M., and Heroldova M. Impact of large herbivores on mountain forest stands in the Beskydy Mountains. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 119-129
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 119-129
    • Homolka, M.1    Heroldova, M.2
  • 25
    • 67949085901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of defoliation and digging caused by sika deer on the Oze mires of central Japan
    • Igarashi T., and Takatsuki S. Effects of defoliation and digging caused by sika deer on the Oze mires of central Japan. Biosphere Conservation 9 (2008) 9-16
    • (2008) Biosphere Conservation , vol.9 , pp. 9-16
    • Igarashi, T.1    Takatsuki, S.2
  • 27
    • 67949101234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology and forestry damages of sika deer in Fukuoka Prefecture
    • (in Japanese)
    • Ikeda K. Ecology and forestry damages of sika deer in Fukuoka Prefecture. Report of Forestry Center of Fukuoka Prefecture 3 (2001) 1-63 (in Japanese)
    • (2001) Report of Forestry Center of Fukuoka Prefecture , vol.3 , pp. 1-63
    • Ikeda, K.1
  • 28
    • 67949123995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the appeal to control deer damages on plants
    • (in Japanese)
    • Inoue K. On the appeal to control deer damages on plants. Newsletter of Japanese Plant Taxonomy 9 (2003) 10-11 (in Japanese)
    • (2003) Newsletter of Japanese Plant Taxonomy , vol.9 , pp. 10-11
    • Inoue, K.1
  • 29
    • 1942519216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of deer, mice and dwarf bamboo on emergence, survival and growth of Abies homolepis (Piceaeae) seedlings
    • Ito H., and Hino T. Effects of deer, mice and dwarf bamboo on emergence, survival and growth of Abies homolepis (Piceaeae) seedlings. Ecological Research 19 (2004) 217-224
    • (2004) Ecological Research , vol.19 , pp. 217-224
    • Ito, H.1    Hino, T.2
  • 30
    • 19544371354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How do deer affect tree seedlings on a dwarf bamboo-dominated forest floor?
    • Ito H., and Hino T. How do deer affect tree seedlings on a dwarf bamboo-dominated forest floor?. Ecological Research 20 (2005) 121-128
    • (2005) Ecological Research , vol.20 , pp. 121-128
    • Ito, H.1    Hino, T.2
  • 31
    • 67949105796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Productivity and foraging efficiency of the short-grass (Zoysia japonica) community for sika deer
    • McCullough, D.R, Takatsuki, S, Kaji, K, Eds
    • Ito, T.Y., Shimoda, M., Takatsuki, S. 2009. Productivity and foraging efficiency of the short-grass (Zoysia japonica) community for sika deer. In: McCullough, D.R., Takatsuki, S., Kaji, K. (Eds.), Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations, pp. 145-157.
    • (2009) Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations , pp. 145-157
    • Ito, T.Y.1    Shimoda, M.2    Takatsuki, S.3
  • 32
    • 67949114995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervus nippon
    • IUCN Deer Specialist Group, Red List of Threatened Species, Downloaded on 08.06.08, 2007
    • IUCN Deer Specialist Group, 1996. Cervus nippon. In: IUCN 2007. 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . (Downloaded on 08.06.08.)
    • (1996) IUCN
  • 33
    • 0021632011 scopus 로고
    • Dispersal of small seeds by big herbivores: foliage is the fruit
    • Janzen D.H. Dispersal of small seeds by big herbivores: foliage is the fruit. American Naturalist 123 (1984) 338-353
    • (1984) American Naturalist , vol.123 , pp. 338-353
    • Janzen, D.H.1
  • 34
    • 0034893419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of deer on the ground flora of British broadleaved woodland
    • Kirby K.J. The impact of deer on the ground flora of British broadleaved woodland. Forestry 74 (2001) 219-229
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 219-229
    • Kirby, K.J.1
  • 36
    • 0042405054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree colonization of abandoned arable land after 27 years of horse-grazing: the role of bramble as a facilitator of oak wood regeneration
    • Kuiters A.T., and Slim P.A. Tree colonization of abandoned arable land after 27 years of horse-grazing: the role of bramble as a facilitator of oak wood regeneration. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 239-251
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 239-251
    • Kuiters, A.T.1    Slim, P.A.2
  • 37
    • 0343526756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivore dunging and endozoochorous seed deposition in a Mediterranean dehesa
    • Malo J.E., Jimenez B., and Suarez F. Herbivore dunging and endozoochorous seed deposition in a Mediterranean dehesa. Journal of Range Management 53 (2000) 322-328
    • (2000) Journal of Range Management , vol.53 , pp. 322-328
    • Malo, J.E.1    Jimenez, B.2    Suarez, F.3
  • 38
    • 0033800985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole plant carbon gain of an endangered herbaceous species Aser lantoensis and the influence of shading by an alien grass Eragrostis curvula in its gravelly floodplain habitat
    • Matsumoto J., Muraoka H., and Washitani I. Whole plant carbon gain of an endangered herbaceous species Aser lantoensis and the influence of shading by an alien grass Eragrostis curvula in its gravelly floodplain habitat. Annals of Botany 86 (2000) 7886-7907
    • (2000) Annals of Botany , vol.86 , pp. 7886-7907
    • Matsumoto, J.1    Muraoka, H.2    Washitani, I.3
  • 39
    • 58549115154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of age, body weight and reproductive status on conception dates and gestation periods in captive sika deer
    • Matsuura Y., Sato K., Suzuki M., and Ohtaishi N. The effects of age, body weight and reproductive status on conception dates and gestation periods in captive sika deer. Mammal Study 29 (2004) 15-20
    • (2004) Mammal Study , vol.29 , pp. 15-20
    • Matsuura, Y.1    Sato, K.2    Suzuki, M.3    Ohtaishi, N.4
  • 40
    • 0027044174 scopus 로고
    • Effects of moose browsing on the vegetation and litter of the boreal forest, Isle Royale, Michigan, USA
    • McInnes P.F., Naiman R.J., Pastor J., and Cohen Y. Effects of moose browsing on the vegetation and litter of the boreal forest, Isle Royale, Michigan, USA. Ecology 73 (1992) 2059-2075
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 2059-2075
    • McInnes, P.F.1    Naiman, R.J.2    Pastor, J.3    Cohen, Y.4
  • 41
    • 0003098623 scopus 로고
    • Grassland-herbivore dynamics
    • Sinclair A.R.E., and Norton-Griffiths M. (Eds), University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • McNaughton S.J. Grassland-herbivore dynamics. In: Sinclair A.R.E., and Norton-Griffiths M. (Eds). Serengeti, Dynamics of an Ecosystem (1979), University of Chicago Press, Chicago 46-81
    • (1979) Serengeti, Dynamics of an Ecosystem , pp. 46-81
    • McNaughton, S.J.1
  • 42
    • 0002334448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbivores and the ecology of forest understory birds
    • McShea W.J., Underwood H.B., and Rappole J.H. (Eds), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington
    • McShea W.J., and Rappole J.H. Herbivores and the ecology of forest understory birds. In: McShea W.J., Underwood H.B., and Rappole J.H. (Eds). The Science of Overabundance. Deer Ecology and Population Management (1997), Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington 268-309
    • (1997) The Science of Overabundance. Deer Ecology and Population Management , pp. 268-309
    • McShea, W.J.1    Rappole, J.H.2
  • 43
    • 0001198314 scopus 로고
    • Long-term rends in habitat selection by Kentucky warblers
    • McShea W.J., McDonald M.V., Morton E.S., Rose M., and Rappole J.H. Long-term rends in habitat selection by Kentucky warblers. Auk 112 (1995) 375-381
    • (1995) Auk , vol.112 , pp. 375-381
    • McShea, W.J.1    McDonald, M.V.2    Morton, E.S.3    Rose, M.4    Rappole, J.H.5
  • 45
    • 67949121094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive ecology of sika deer on Kinkazan island, northern Japan: Reproductive success of males and multi-mating of females
    • McCullough, D.R, Takatsuki, S, Kaji, K, Eds
    • Minami, M., Ohnishi, N., Okada, A., Takatsuki, S., 2009. Reproductive ecology of sika deer on Kinkazan island, northern Japan: reproductive success of males and multi-mating of females. In: McCullough, D.R., Takatsuki, S., Kaji, K. (Eds.), Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations, pp. 297-317.
    • (2009) Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations , pp. 297-317
    • Minami, M.1    Ohnishi, N.2    Okada, A.3    Takatsuki, S.4
  • 46
    • 0027331734 scopus 로고
    • Eastern hemlock regeneration and deer browsing in the northern Great Lakes region: a reexamination and model simulation
    • Mlandenoff D.J., and Stearns F. Eastern hemlock regeneration and deer browsing in the northern Great Lakes region: a reexamination and model simulation. Conservation Biology 7 (1993) 889-900
    • (1993) Conservation Biology , vol.7 , pp. 889-900
    • Mlandenoff, D.J.1    Stearns, F.2
  • 47
    • 1942508679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed dispersal by white-tailed deer: implications for long-distance dispersal, invasion, and migration of plants in eastern North America
    • Myers J.A., Vellend M., Gardescu S., and Marks P.L. Seed dispersal by white-tailed deer: implications for long-distance dispersal, invasion, and migration of plants in eastern North America. Oecologia 139 (2004) 35-44
    • (2004) Oecologia , vol.139 , pp. 35-44
    • Myers, J.A.1    Vellend, M.2    Gardescu, S.3    Marks, P.L.4
  • 48
    • 67949107283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nakajima, N., 2007. Changes in distributions of wildlife in Japan. In: Forest and Environment Research Association, Japan (Ed.), Rebellion of Wildlife and Collapse of Forest. Shinrinbunka Association, Tokyo, pp. 57-68.
    • Nakajima, N., 2007. Changes in distributions of wildlife in Japan. In: Forest and Environment Research Association, Japan (Ed.), Rebellion of Wildlife and Collapse of Forest. Shinrinbunka Association, Tokyo, pp. 57-68.
  • 49
    • 0037289541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The response of forest floor vegetation and tree regeneration to deer exclusion and disturbance in a riparian deciduous forest, Central Japan
    • Nomiya H., Suzuki W., Kanazawa T., Shibata M., Tanaka H., and Nakashizuka T. The response of forest floor vegetation and tree regeneration to deer exclusion and disturbance in a riparian deciduous forest, Central Japan. Plant Ecology 164 (2003) 263-276
    • (2003) Plant Ecology , vol.164 , pp. 263-276
    • Nomiya, H.1    Suzuki, W.2    Kanazawa, T.3    Shibata, M.4    Tanaka, H.5    Nakashizuka, T.6
  • 50
    • 0036087246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological correlates of endozoochory by herbivores
    • Pakeman R.J., Digneffe G., and Small J.L. Ecological correlates of endozoochory by herbivores. Functional Ecology 16 (2002) 296-304
    • (2002) Functional Ecology , vol.16 , pp. 296-304
    • Pakeman, R.J.1    Digneffe, G.2    Small, J.L.3
  • 51
    • 0034888105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of increasing numbers of deer on bird populations in Wytham Woods, central England
    • Perrins C.M., and Overall R. Effect of increasing numbers of deer on bird populations in Wytham Woods, central England. Forestry 74 (2001) 299-309
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 299-309
    • Perrins, C.M.1    Overall, R.2
  • 52
    • 67949099729 scopus 로고
    • Red Data Biological Survey Team of Kanagawa Prefecture, Kanagawa Prefectural Museum in Japanese
    • Red Data Biological Survey Team of Kanagawa Prefecture, 1995. Report of Red Data Plants and Animal of Kanagawa Prefecture. Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (in Japanese).
    • (1995) Report of Red Data Plants and Animal of Kanagawa Prefecture
  • 53
    • 0034882155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deer impacts on forest ecosystems: a North American perspective
    • Rooney T.P. Deer impacts on forest ecosystems: a North American perspective. Forestry 74 (2001) 201-208
    • (2001) Forestry , vol.74 , pp. 201-208
    • Rooney, T.P.1
  • 54
    • 0042905782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct and indirect effects of white-tailed deer in forest ecosystems
    • Rooney T.O., and Waller D.M. Direct and indirect effects of white-tailed deer in forest ecosystems. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 165-176
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 165-176
    • Rooney, T.O.1    Waller, D.M.2
  • 55
    • 0034482487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional variation in recruitment of hemlock seedlings and saplings in the Upper Great Lakes, USA
    • Rooney T.P., McCormick R.J., Solheim S.L., and Waller D.M. Regional variation in recruitment of hemlock seedlings and saplings in the Upper Great Lakes, USA. Ecological Applications 10 (2000) 1119-1132
    • (2000) Ecological Applications , vol.10 , pp. 1119-1132
    • Rooney, T.P.1    McCormick, R.J.2    Solheim, S.L.3    Waller, D.M.4
  • 56
    • 0034915536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on plants, plant populations and communities: a review
    • Russell F.L., Zippin D.B., and Fowler N.L. Effects of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on plants, plant populations and communities: a review. American Midland Naturalist 146 (2001) 1-26
    • (2001) American Midland Naturalist , vol.146 , pp. 1-26
    • Russell, F.L.1    Zippin, D.B.2    Fowler, N.L.3
  • 57
    • 0041402702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of herbivory by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) on patterns and processes in subalpine grasslands in the Swiss National Park
    • Schutz M., Rischa A.C., Leuzingerb E., Krusia B.O., and Achermanna G. Impact of herbivory by red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) on patterns and processes in subalpine grasslands in the Swiss National Park. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 177-188
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 177-188
    • Schutz, M.1    Rischa, A.C.2    Leuzingerb, E.3    Krusia, B.O.4    Achermanna, G.5
  • 58
    • 0024928071 scopus 로고
    • The impact of white tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus on regeneration in the coastal forests of Stewart Island, New Zealand
    • Stewart G.H., and Burrows L.E. The impact of white tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus on regeneration in the coastal forests of Stewart Island, New Zealand. Biological Conservation 49 (1989) 275-293
    • (1989) Biological Conservation , vol.49 , pp. 275-293
    • Stewart, G.H.1    Burrows, L.E.2
  • 59
    • 67949098112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of sika deer on forest mice in evergreen broad-leaved forests on the Tsushima Islands, Japan
    • Suda K., Araki R., and Maruyama N. Effects of sika deer on forest mice in evergreen broad-leaved forests on the Tsushima Islands, Japan. Biosphere Conservation 5 (2003) 63-70
    • (2003) Biosphere Conservation , vol.5 , pp. 63-70
    • Suda, K.1    Araki, R.2    Maruyama, N.3
  • 60
    • 34648818254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of large herbivores on other fauna
    • Conservation Biology. Danell K., Bergstrom R., Duncan O., and Pastor J. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
    • Suominen O., and Danell K. Effects of large herbivores on other fauna. Conservation Biology. In: Danell K., Bergstrom R., Duncan O., and Pastor J. (Eds). Large Herbivore Ecology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation 11 (2006), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 383-412
    • (2006) Large Herbivore Ecology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation , vol.11 , pp. 383-412
    • Suominen, O.1    Danell, K.2
  • 61
    • 0035384648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fallen leaves and unpalatable plants as alternative foods for sika deer under food limitation
    • Takahashi H., and Kaji K. Fallen leaves and unpalatable plants as alternative foods for sika deer under food limitation. Ecological Research 16 (2001) 257-262
    • (2001) Ecological Research , vol.16 , pp. 257-262
    • Takahashi, H.1    Kaji, K.2
  • 63
    • 0344619767 scopus 로고
    • Food habits of ungulates and anti-grazing adaptation of plants
    • Washitani I., and Ogushi T. (Eds), Heibonsha Publishing Company (in Japanese)
    • Takatsuki S. Food habits of ungulates and anti-grazing adaptation of plants. In: Washitani I., and Ogushi T. (Eds). Interrelations Between Plants and Animals (1993), Heibonsha Publishing Company 104-128 (in Japanese)
    • (1993) Interrelations Between Plants and Animals , pp. 104-128
    • Takatsuki, S.1
  • 65
    • 67949119577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographical variations in food habits of sika deer: The northern grazer vs. the southern browser
    • McCullough, D.R, Takatsuki, S, Kaji, K, Eds
    • Takatsuki, S., 2009. Geographical variations in food habits of sika deer: the northern grazer vs. the southern browser. In: McCullough, D.R., Takatsuki, S., Kaji, K. (Eds.), Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations, pp. 231-237.
    • (2009) Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations , pp. 231-237
    • Takatsuki, S.1
  • 66
    • 0028160041 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Sika deer on the regeneration of a Fagus crenata forest on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan
    • Takatsuki S., and Gorai T. Effects of Sika deer on the regeneration of a Fagus crenata forest on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan. Ecological Research 9 (1994) 115-120
    • (1994) Ecological Research , vol.9 , pp. 115-120
    • Takatsuki, S.1    Gorai, T.2
  • 67
    • 67949085899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plants and plant communities on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan, in relation to sika deer herbivory
    • McCullough, D.R, Takatsuki, S. and Kaji, K, Eds
    • Takatsuki, S., Ito, T.Y., 2009. Plants and plant communities on Kinkazan Island, northern Japan, in relation to sika deer herbivory. In: McCullough, D.R., Takatsuki, S. and Kaji, K. (Eds.), Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations, pp. 125-143.
    • (2009) Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations , pp. 125-143
    • Takatsuki, S.1    Ito, T.Y.2
  • 68
    • 67949108792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection of endangered plants from sika deer herbivory using deer-proof fences in the Tanzawa Mountains, central Japan
    • (in Japanese with English summary)
    • Tamura A., Irino A., Yamane M., and Katsuyama T. Protection of endangered plants from sika deer herbivory using deer-proof fences in the Tanzawa Mountains, central Japan. Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology 10 (2005) 11-17 (in Japanese with English summary)
    • (2005) Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology , vol.10 , pp. 11-17
    • Tamura, A.1    Irino, A.2    Yamane, M.3    Katsuyama, T.4
  • 69
    • 34047248456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Divergent on linear responses of the boreal forest field layer along an experimental gradient of deer densities
    • Tremblay J.-P., Huot J., and Povlin F. Divergent on linear responses of the boreal forest field layer along an experimental gradient of deer densities. Oecologia 150 (2006) 78-88
    • (2006) Oecologia , vol.150 , pp. 78-88
    • Tremblay, J.-P.1    Huot, J.2    Povlin, F.3
  • 70
    • 4043183382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food habits and home range use of Japanese macaques on an island inhabited by deer
    • Tsuji Y., and Takatsuki S. Food habits and home range use of Japanese macaques on an island inhabited by deer. Ecological Research 19 (2004) 381-388
    • (2004) Ecological Research , vol.19 , pp. 381-388
    • Tsuji, Y.1    Takatsuki, S.2
  • 71
    • 45849084462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of the sika deer (Cervus nippon yakushimae) population in the western lowland forests of Yakushima Island, Japan
    • Tsujino R., Noma N., and Yumoto T. Growth of the sika deer (Cervus nippon yakushimae) population in the western lowland forests of Yakushima Island, Japan. Mammal Study 29 (2004) 105-111
    • (2004) Mammal Study , vol.29 , pp. 105-111
    • Tsujino, R.1    Noma, N.2    Yumoto, T.3
  • 72
    • 19544388546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bark stripping of hinoki cypress by sika deer in relation to snow cover and food availability on Mt. Takahara, central Japan
    • Ueda H., Takatsuki S., and Takahashi Y. Bark stripping of hinoki cypress by sika deer in relation to snow cover and food availability on Mt. Takahara, central Japan. Ecological Research 17 (2002) 545-551
    • (2002) Ecological Research , vol.17 , pp. 545-551
    • Ueda, H.1    Takatsuki, S.2    Takahashi, Y.3
  • 73
  • 74
    • 0013305120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest dynamics and ungulate herbivory: from leaf to landscape
    • Weisberg P.J., and Bugmann H. Forest dynamics and ungulate herbivory: from leaf to landscape. Forest Ecology and Management 181 (2003) 1-12
    • (2003) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.181 , pp. 1-12
    • Weisberg, P.J.1    Bugmann, H.2
  • 75
    • 33746904277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of the impacts of understory forest vegetation and herbivory by red deer and rodents on seedling establishment and species composition in Waitutu Forest, New Zealand
    • Wilson D.J., Ruscoe W.A., Buffows L.E., McElrea L.M., and Choquenot D. An experimental study of the impacts of understory forest vegetation and herbivory by red deer and rodents on seedling establishment and species composition in Waitutu Forest, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 30 (2006) 191-207
    • (2006) New Zealand Journal of Ecology , vol.30 , pp. 191-207
    • Wilson, D.J.1    Ruscoe, W.A.2    Buffows, L.E.3    McElrea, L.M.4    Choquenot, D.5
  • 76
    • 67949105793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migratory and sedentary behavior patterns of sika deer in Honshu and Kyushu, Japan
    • McCullough D.R., Takatsuki S., and Kaji (Eds), Springer, Tokyo
    • Yabe T., and Takatsuki S. Migratory and sedentary behavior patterns of sika deer in Honshu and Kyushu, Japan. In: McCullough D.R., Takatsuki S., and Kaji (Eds). Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations (2009), Springer, Tokyo 273-283
    • (2009) Sika Deer: Biology and Management of Native and Introduced Populations , pp. 273-283
    • Yabe, T.1    Takatsuki, S.2
  • 77
    • 33646476890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seed dispersal by Kerama deer (Cervus nippon keramae) on Aka Island, the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
    • Yamashiro A., and Yamashiro T. Seed dispersal by Kerama deer (Cervus nippon keramae) on Aka Island, the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. Biotropica 38 (2006) 405-413
    • (2006) Biotropica , vol.38 , pp. 405-413
    • Yamashiro, A.1    Yamashiro, T.2
  • 78
    • 0035862933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon, on subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan
    • Yokoyama S., Maeji I., Ueda T., Ando M., and Shibata E. Impact of bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon, on subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan. Forest Ecology and Management 140 (2001) 93-99
    • (2001) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.140 , pp. 93-99
    • Yokoyama, S.1    Maeji, I.2    Ueda, T.3    Ando, M.4    Shibata, E.5
  • 80
    • 11544278991 scopus 로고
    • Plant communities induced by deer grazing and browsing
    • Fukushima University
    • Yoshioka, K., Kashimura, T., 1959. Plant communities induced by deer grazing and browsing. Science Report of Faculty of Art and Science, Fukushima University. vol. 8, pp. 9-14.
    • (1959) Science Report of Faculty of Art and Science , vol.8 , pp. 9-14
    • Yoshioka, K.1    Kashimura, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.