An ecological study of a massive bloom of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidata off the Washington State coast

Limnology and Oceanography

Volumn 54, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1461-1474

  Trainer, Vera L ^a   Wells, Mark L ^b   Cochlan, William P ^c   Trick, Charles G ^d,e   Bill, Brian D ^a   Batgh, Keri A ^a   Beall, Benjamin F ^e   Herndon, Julian ^c   Lundholm, Nina ^f  

^a NORTHWEST FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MAINE   (United States)

^c SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d WESTERN UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

^f UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; ALGAL BLOOM; AMINO ACID; CHLOROPHYLL A; COASTAL ZONE; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); CYANOBACTERIUM; DIATOM; DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER; IRON; PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER; PHYTOPLANKTON; TOXIN;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES; WASHINGTON [UNITED STATES];

BACILLARIOPHYTA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CYANOBACTERIA; EUGLENIDA; EUTREPTIELLA; PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA; PSEUDO-NITZSCHIA CUSPIDATA;

EID: 67949084948     PISSN: 00243590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4319/lo.2009.54.5.1461     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. ADAMS, N. G., M. LESOING, AND V. L. TRAINER. 2000. Environmental conditions associated with domoic acid in razor clams on the Washington coast. J. Shellfish Res. 19: 1007-1015.
2. ANDERSON, C. R., M. A. BRZEZINSKI, L. WASHBURN, AND R. KUDELA. 2006. Circulation and environmental conditions during a toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia australis bloom in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 327: 119-133.
3. BATES, S. S., A. S. W. DE FRIETAS, J. E. MILLEY, R. POCKLINGTON, M. A. QUILLIAM, J. C. SMITH, AND J. WORMS. 1991. Controls on domoic acid production by the diatom Nitzschia pungens f. multiseries in culture: Nutrients and irradiance. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48: 1136-1144.
4. -, D. J. DOUGLAS, G. J. DOUCETTE, AND C. LÉGER. 1995. Enhancement of domoic acid production by reintroducing bacteria to axenic cultures of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries. Nat. Toxins 3: 428-435.
5. -, J. GAUDET, I. KACZMARSHA, AND J. EHRMAN. 2004. Interaction between bacteria and the domoic-acid- producing diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries (Hasle) Hasle; can bacteria produce domoic acid autonomously? Harmful Algae 3: 11-20.
6. BAUGH, K. A., S. G. SPENCER, J. C. WEKELL, AND V. L. TRAINER. 2004. An alternative method for domoic acid determination in seawater particulates: A receptor-binding assay using glutamate dehydrogenase, p. 228-230. In K. A. Steidinger, J. H. Landsberg, C. R. Tomas and G. A. Vargo [eds.], Harmful algae 2002. Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, Florida Institute of Technology, and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO.
7. BOUILLON, R.-C., R. J. KIEBER, S. A. SKRABAL, AND J. L. C. WRIGHT. 2008. Photochemistry and identification of photo-degradation products of the marine toxin domoic acid. Mar. Chem. 110: 18-27.
8. DOUGLAS, D. J., S. S. BATES, L. A. BOURQUE, AND R. C. SELVIN. 1993. Domoic acid production by axenic and non-axenic cultures of the pennate diatom Nitzschia pungens f. multi-series, p. 595-600. In T. J. Smayda and Y. Schimizu [eds.], Toxic phytoplankton blooms in the sea. Elsevier.
9. EVERITT, B. S., AND T. HOTHORN. 2006. A handbook of statistical analyses using R. Chapman & Hall/CRC.
10. FEHLING, J., K. DAVIDSON, C. BOLCH, AND P. TETT. 2006. Seasonality of Pseudo-nitzschia spp. (Bacillariophyceae) in western Scottish waters. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 323: 91-105.
11. GARTHWAITE, I., K. M. Ross, C. O. MILES, R. P. HANSEN, D. FOSTER, A. L. WILKINS, AND N. R. TOWERS. 1998. Polyclonal antibodies to domoic acid, and their use in immunoassays for domoic acid in sea water and shellfish. Nat. Toxins 6: 93-104.
12. HASLE, G. R. 1965. Nitzschia and Fragilariopsis species studied in the light and electron microscopes. II. The group Pseudo-nitzschia. Skrifter Utgitt av Det Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo I. Mat.-Naturv. Klasse Ny serie 18: 1-45.
13. JOHNSON, K. S., AND OTHERS. 2007. The SAFe iron intercompar-ison cruise: An international collaboration to develop dissolved iron in seawater standards. EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 88: 131-132.
14. KNEPEL, K., AND K. BOGREN. 2002. Determination of orthophos-phate by flow injection analysis: QuikChem® Method 31-115-01-1-H. Lachat Instruments.
15. KUDELA, R., W. COCHLAN, AND A. ROBERTS. 2004. Spatial and temporal patterns of Pseudo-nitzschia species in central California related to regional oceanography, p. 347-349. In K. A. Steidinger, J. H. Landsberg, C. R. Tomas and G. A. Vargo [eds.], Harmful algae 2002. Florida Fish and Wildlife Commission, Florida Institute of Technology, and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO.
16. LUND, J. W. G., C. KIPLING, AND E. D. CREN. 1958. The inverted microscope method of estimating cell numbers, and the statistical basis of estimation by counting. Hydrobiologia 11: 143-170.
17. LUNDHOLM, N., Y. KOTAKI, K. HOEF-E MDEN, C. SCHOLIN, AND P. MILLER. 2006. Inter- and intraspecific variation of the Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima complex (Bacillariophyceae) illustrated by rRNA probes, morphological data and phylogenetic ing J. Phycol 39: 797-813.
18. -, Ø. MOESTRUP, G. R. HASLE, AND K. HOEF-EMDEN. 2003. A study of the Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissimalcuspidata complex (Bacillariophyceae): What is P. pseudodelicatissimd? J. Phycol 39: 797-813.
19. -, J. SKOV, R. POCKLINGTON, AND ø. MOESTRUP. 1997. Studies of the marine planktonic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia. 2. Autecology of P. pseudodelicatissima based on isolates from Danish coastal waters. Phycologia 36: 381-388.
20. MACFADYEN, A., B. M. HICKEY, AND W. P. COCHLAN. 2008. Influences of the Juan de Fuca eddy on circulation, nutrients and phytoplankton production in the northern California Current System J. Geophys. Res. 113: C08008, doi:10.1029/2007JC004412.
21. -, -, AND M. G. G FOREMAN. 2005. Transport of surface waters from the Juan de Fuca eddy region to the Washington coast. Cont. Shelf Res. 25: 2008-2021.
22. MALDONADO, M. T., M. HUGHES, E. RUE, AND M. L. WELLS. 2002. The effect of Fe and Cu on the growth and domoic acid production of Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries and Pseudo-nitzschia australis. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47: 515-526.
23. MARCHETTI, A., AND P. J. HARRISON. 2007. Coupled changes in the cell morphology and the elemental (C., N, and Si) composition of the pennate diatom Pseudo-nitzschia due to iron deficiency. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52: 2270-2284.
24. -, V. L. TRAINER, AND P. J. HARRISON. 2004. Environmental conditions and phytoplankton dynamics associated with Pseudo-nitzschia abundance and domoic acid in the Juan de Fuca eddy. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 281: 1-12.
25. -, AND OTHERS. 2009. Ferritin is used for iron storage in bloom-forming marine pennate diatoms. Nature 457: 467-470.
26. MARIE, D., F. PARTENSKY, S. JACQUET, AND D. VAULOT. 1997. Enumeration and cell cycle analysis of natural populations of marine picoplankton by flow cytometry using the nucleic acid stain SYBR Green I. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 63: 186-193.
27. MARTIN, J. L., K. HAYA, L. E. BURRIDGE, AND D. J. WILDISH. 1990. Distribution and domoic acid content of Nitzsch-ia pseudodelicatissima - a source of domoic acid in the Bay of Fundy, eastern Canada. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 67: 177-182.
28. OLSON, M. B., E. J. LESSARD, W. P. COCHLAN, AND V. L. TRAINER. 2008. Intrinsic growth and microzooplankton grazing on toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia diatoms from the Pacific Northwest, USA. Limnol. Oceanogr. 53: 1352-1368.
29. -, -, C. H. J. WONG, AND M. J. BERNHARDT. 2006. Copepod feeding selectivity on microplankton, including the toxigenic diatoms Pseudo-nitzschia spp., in the coastal Pacific Northwest. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 326: 207-220.
30. PAN, Y., D. V. S. RAO, AND K. H. MANN. 1996a. Changes in domoic acid production and cellular chemical composition of the toxigenic diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries under phosphate limitation. J. Phycol. 32: 371-381.
31. -, -, -, W. K. W. LI, AND W. G. HARRISON. 1996b. Effects of silicate limitation on production of domoic acid, a neurotoxin, by the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries. II. Continuous culture studies. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 131: 235-243.
32. PAN, Y. P., M. L. PARSONS, M. BUSMAN, P. D. R. MOELLER, Q. DORTCH, C. L. POWELL, AND G. J. DOUCETTE. 2001. Pseudonitzschia sp. cf. pseudodelicatissima - a confirmed producer of domoic acid from the northern Gulf of Mexico. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 220: 83-92.
33. ROY, E. G., M. L. WELLS, AND D. W. KING. 2008. Persistence of iron(II) in surface waters of the western subarctic Pacific. Limnol. Oceanogr. 53: 89-98.
34. SCHNETZER, A., AND OTHERS. 2007. Blooms of Pseudo-nitzschia and domoic acid in the San Pedro Channel and Los Angeles harbor areas of the Southern California Bight, 2003-2004. Harmful Algae 6: 372-387.
35. SMITH, P., AND K. BOGREN. 2001. Determination of nitrate and/or nitrite in brackish or seawater by flow injection analysis colorimeter: QuickChem Method 31-107-04-1-E, Saline Methods of Analysis. Lachat Instruments.
36. STEHR, C. M., L. CONNELL, K. A. BAUGH, B. D. BILL, N. G. ADAMS, AND V. L. TRAINER. 2002. Morphological, toxi-cological, and genetic differences among Pseudo-nitzschia (Bacillariophyceae) species in inland embayments and outer coastal waters of Washington State, USA. J. Phycol. 38: 55-65.
37. TRAINER, V. L., B. M. HICKEY, AND S. S. BATES. 2007. Diatoms. p. 219-238. In P. J. Walsh, S. L. Smith, L. E. Fleming, H. Solo-Gabriele and W. H. Gerwick [eds.], Oceans and human health: Risks and remedies from the sea. Elsevier.
38. -, -, AND R. A. HORNER. 2002. Biological and physical dynamics of domoic acid production off the Washington U.S.A. coast. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47: 1438-1446.
39. -, AND M. SUDDLESON. 2005. Monitoring approaches for early warning of domoic acid events in Washington State. Oceanography 18: 228-237.
40. -, AND OTHERS. 2000. Domoic acid production near California upwelling zones, June 1998. Limnol. Oceanogr. 45: 401-440.
41. -, AND -. 2009. Variability of Pseudo-nitzschia and domoic acid in the Juan de Fuca eddy region and its adjacent shelves. Limnol. Oceanogr. 54: 289-308.
42. WELLS, M. L. 2003. The level of iron enrichment required to initiate diatom blooms in HNLC waters. Mar. Chem. 82: 101-114.
43. -, C. G TRICK, W. P. COCHLAN, M. P. HUGHES, AND V. L. TRAINER. 2005. Domoic acid: The synergy of iron, copper, and the toxicity of diatoms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 50: 1908-1917.
44. WELSCHMEYER, N. A. 1994. Fluorometric analysis of chlorophyll-a in the presence of chlorophyll-b and phaeopigments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 39: 1985-1992.
45. WOLTERS, M. 2002. Determination of silicate in brackish or seawater by flow injection analysis. QuikChem® Method 31-114-27-1-D. Lachat Instruments.