Defining comorbidity: Implications for understanding health and health services

Annals of Family Medicine

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 357-363

  Valderas, Jose M ^a   Starfield, Barbara ^b   Sibbald, Bonnie ^a   Salisbury, Chris ^c   Roland, Martin ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Chronic disease; Comorbidity; Etiology; Multimorbidity

Indexed keywords

CHRONOLOGY; COMORBIDITY; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HEALTH SERVICE; HUMAN; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MORBIDITY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

CHRONIC DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; HEALTH CARE COSTS; HEALTH SERVICES; HUMANS; MEDICARE; PATIENT CARE MANAGEMENT; SICKNESS IMPACT PROFILE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES;

EID: 67749108502     PISSN: 15441709     EISSN: 15441717     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1370/afm.983     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Starfield B. Threads and yarns: weaving the tapestry of comorbidity. Ann Fam Med. 2006;4(2):101-103.
2. Wolff JL, Starfield B, Anderson G. Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the elderly. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(20):2269-2276. (Pubitemid 35332510)
3. Fortin M, Soubhi H, Hudon C, Bayliss EA, van den Akker M. Multimorbidity's many challenges. BMJ. 2007;334(7602):1016-1017.
4. Ritchie C. Health care quality and multimorbidity: the jury is still out. Med Care. 2007;45(6):477-479.
5. Yancik R, Ershler W, Satariano W, Hazzard W, Cohen HJ, Ferrucci L. Report of the national institute on aging task force on comorbidity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007;62(3):275-280. (Pubitemid 47065724)
6. Bayliss EA, Edwards AE, Steiner JF, Main DS. Processes of care desired byelderly patients with multimorbidities. Fam Pract. 2008;25(4):287-293.
7. Bayliss EA, Ellis JL, Steiner JF. Barriers to self-management and quality-of-life outcomes in seniors with multimorbidities. Ann Fam Med. 2007;5(5):395-402.
8. van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Knottnerus JA. Comorbidity or multimorbidity; what's in a name? A review of the literature. Eur J Gen Pract. 1996;2:65-72.
9. Gijsen R, Hoeymans N, Schellevis FG, Ruwaard D, Satariano WA, van den Bos GA. Causes and consequences of comorbidity: a review. J Clin Epidemiol. 2001;54(7):661-674.
10. Greenhalgh T, Peacock R. Effectiveness and efficiency of search methods in systematic reviews of complex evidence: audit of primary sources. BMJ. 2005 5;331(7524):1064-1065. (Pubitemid 41597859)
11. Booth A. "Brimful of STARLITE": toward standards for reporting literature searches. J Med Libr Assoc. 2006 Oct;94(4):421-9, e205. (Pubitemid 44837819)
12. Feinstein AR. Pre-therapeutic classification of co-morbidity in chronic disease. J Chronic Dis. 1970;23(7):455-468.
13. Kessler RC, Merikangas KR, Wang PS. Prevalence, comorbidity, and service utilization for mood disorders in the United States at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2007;3:137-158.
14. Klabunde CN, Potosky AL, Legler JM, Warren JL. Development of a comorbidity index using physician claims data. J Clin Epidemiol. 2000;53(12):1258-1267.
15. Wensing M, Vingerhoets E, Grol R. Functional status, health problems, age and comorbidity in primary care patients. Qual Life Res. 2001;10(2):141-148. (Pubitemid 32885691)
16. Angold A, Costello EJ, Erkanli A. Comorbidity. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1999;40(1):57-87.
17. Kaplan RM, Ong M. Rationale and public health implications of changing CHD risk factor definitions. Annu Rev Public Health. 2007;28:321-344. (Pubitemid 46833346)
18. Schellevis FG, van der Velden J, van de Lisdonk E, van Eijk JT, van Weel C. Comorbidity of chronic diseases in general practice. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993;46(5):469-473. (Pubitemid 23194269)
19. van den Akker M, Buntinx F, Metsemakers JF, Roos S, Knottnerus JA. Multimorbidity in general practice: prevalence, incidence, and determinants of co-occurring chronic and recurrent diseases. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998;51(5):367-375. (Pubitemid 28223302)
20. Starfield B, Weiner J, Mumford L, Steinwachs D. Ambulatory care groups: a categorization of diagnoses for research and management. Health Serv Res. 1991;26(1):53-74.
21. Karlamangla A, Tinetti M, Guralnik J, Studenski S, Wetle T, Reuben D. Comorbidity in older adults: nosology of impairment, diseases, and conditions. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2007;62(3):296-300. (Pubitemid 47065727)
22. Valderas JM, Alonso J. Patient reported outcome measures: a model-based classification system for research and clinical practice. Qual Life Res. 2008;17(9):1125-1135
23. Fried LP, Ferrucci L, Darer J, Williamson JD, Anderson G. Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: implications for improved targeting and care. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2004;59(3):255-263. (Pubitemid 38375339)
24. de Groot V, Beckerman H, Lankhorst GJ, Bouter LM. How to measure comorbidity. a critical review of available methods. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56(3):221-229. (Pubitemid 36513483)
25. Fetter RB, Shin Y, Freeman JL, Averill RF, Thompson JD. Case mix definition by diagnosis-related groups. Med Care. 1980;18(2 Suppl):1-53. (Pubitemid 10122120)
26. Benton PL, Evans H, Light SM, Mountney LM, Sanderson HF, Anthony P. The development of Healthcare Resource Groups - Version 3. J Public Health Med. 1998;20(3):351-358. (Pubitemid 28458699)
27. Espallargues M, Philp I, Seymour DG, et al.; ACMEplus PROJECT TEAM. Measuring case-mix and outcome for older people in acute hospital care across Europe: the development and potential of the ACMEplus instrument. QJM. 2008;101(2):99-109.
28. Nardi R, Scanelli G, Corrao S, Iori I, Mathieu G, Cataldi Amatrian R. Co-morbidity does not reflect complexity in internal medicine patients. Eur J Intern Med. 2007;18(5):359-368. (Pubitemid 47225044)
29. Safford MM, Allison JJ, Kiefe CI. Patient complexity: more than comorbidity. the vector model of complexity. J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22(Suppl 3):382-390.
30. Starfield B. Pathways of influence on equity in health. Soc Sci Med. 2007;64(7):1355-1362.
31. Berkson J. Limitations of the application of fourfold table analysis to hospital data. Biomet Bull. 1946;2(3):47-53.
32. Rhee SH, Hewitt JK, Lessem JM, Stallings MC, Corley RP, Neale MC. The validity of the Neale and Kendler model-fitting approach in examining the etiology of comorbidity. Behav Genet. 2004;34(3):251-265.
33. Johnson EO, Rhee SH, Chase GA, Breslau N. Comorbidity of depression with levels of smoking: an exploration of the shared familial risk hypothesis. Nicotine Tob Res. 2004;6(6):1029-1038. (Pubitemid 40124760)
34. Piccirillo JF, Feinstein AR. Clinical symptoms and comorbidity: significance for the prognostic classification of cancer. Cancer. 1996;77(5):834-842.
35. Kaplan MH, Feinstein AR. The importance of classifying initial comorbidity in evaluatin the outcome of diabetes mellitus. J Chronic Dis. 1974;27(7-8):387-404.
36. Piette JD, Kerr EA. The impact of comorbid chronic conditions on diabetes care. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(3):725-731. (Pubitemid 44115387)
37. van Weel C, Schellevis FG. Comorbidity and guidelines: conflicting interests. Lancet. 2006;367(9510):550-551.
38. Valderas JM, Starfield B, Roland M. Multimorbidity's many challenges: A research priority in the UK. BMJ. 2007 Jun 2;334(7604):1128.