Electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution: Effect of conductive additive and filler on the process

Express Polymer Letters

Volumn 3, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 437-445

  Heikkila P ^a   Harlin, A ^b  

^a TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Finland)

^b VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND   (Finland)

Author keywords

Conductive additives; Electrospinning; Nanocomposites; Nanofibres; Polyacrylonitrile

Indexed keywords

EID: 67651180646     PISSN: 1788618X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2009.53     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Reneker D. H., Chun I.: Nanometre diameter fibres of polymer, produced by electrospinning. Nanotechnology, 7, 216-223 (1996). DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/7/3/009
2. Li D., Xia Y.: Electrospinning of nanofibers: Rein-venting the wheel? Advanced Materials, 16, 1151-1170 (2004). DOI: 10.1002/adma.200400719
3. Reneker D. H., Fong H.: Polymeric nanofibers. ACS Symposium Series, Washington (2006).
4. Ramakrishna S., Fujihara K., Teo W-E., Yong T., Ma Z., Ramaseshan R.: Electrospun nanofibers: Solving global issues. Materials Today, 9, 40-50 (2006). DOI: 10.1016/S1369-7021(06)71389-X
5. Greiner A., Wendorff J. H.: Electrospinning: A fascinating method for the preparation of ultrathin fibers. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 46, 5670-5703 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604646
6. Zuo W., Zhu M., Yang W., Yu H., Chen Y., Zhang Y.: Experimental study on relationship between jet instability and formation of beaded fibers during electro-spinning. Polymer Engineering and Science, 45, 704-709 (2005). DOI: 10.1002/pen.20304
7. Deitzel J. M., Kleinmeyer J., Harris D., Beck Tan N. C.: The effect of processing variables on the morphology of electrospun nanofibers and textiles. Polymer, 42, 261-272 (2001). DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00250-0
8. Heikkilä P.: Nanostructured fibre composites and materials for air filtration. PhD thesis, Tampere University of Technology (2008).
9. Lin T., Wang H., Wang H., Wang X., Brenner M. P.: The charge effect of cationic surfactants on the elimination of fibre beads in the electrospinning of polystyrene. Nanotechnology, 15, 1375-1381 (2004). DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/15/9/044
10. Hohman M. M., Shin M., Rutledge G., Brenner M. P.: Electrospinning and electrically forced jets. I. Stability theory. Physics of Fluids, 13, 2201-2220 (2001). DOI: 10.1063/1.1383791
11. Hohman M. M., Shin M., Rutledge G.: Electrospinning and electrically forced jets. II. Applications. Physics of Fluids, 13, 2221-2236 (2001). DOI: 10.1063/1.1384013
12. Reneker D. H., Yarin A. L., Fong H., Koombhongse S.: Bending instability of electrically charged liquid jets of polymer solutions in electrospinning. Journal of Applied Physics, 87, 4531-4547 (2000). DOI: 10.1063/1.373532
13. Yarin A. L., Koombhongse S., Reneker D. H.: Bending instability in electrospinning of nanofibers. Journal of Applied Physics, 89, 3018-3026 (2001). DOI: 10.1063/1.1333035
14. Kim G. M., Lach R., Michler G. H., Poetschke P., Albrecht K.: Relationships between phase morphology and deformation mechanisms in polymer nanocomposite nanofibres prepared by an electrospinning process. Nanotechnology, 17, 963-972 (2006). DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/17/4/021
15. Dersch R., Steinhart M., Boudriot U., Greiner A., Wendorff J. H.: Nanoprocessing of polymers: Applications in medicine, sensors, catalysis, photonics. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 16, 276-282 (2005). DOI: 10.1002/pat.568
16. Ye H., Lam H., Titchenal N., Gogotsi Y., Ko F.: Rein-forcement and rupture behavior of carbon nanotubes-polymer nanofibers. Applied Physics Letters, 85, 1775-1777 (2004). DOI: 10.1063/1.1787892
17. Wan Y-Q., He J-H., Yu J-Y.: Carbon nanotube-rein-forced polyacrylonitrile nanofibers by vibration-electrospinning. Polymer International, 56, 1367-1370 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/pi.2358
18. Pan C., Ge L-Q., Gu Z-Z.: Fabrication of multi-walled carbon nanotube reinforced polyelectrolyte hollow nanofibers by electrospinning. Composites Science and Technology, 67, 3271-3277 (2007). DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.03.036
19. Lam H., Titchenal N., Naguib N., Ye H., Gogotski Y., Ko F.: Electrospinning of carbon nanotubes reinforced nanocomposite fibrils and yarns. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceeding, 791, 353-358 (2004).
20. Seoul C., Kim Y-T., Baek C-K.: Electrospinning of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/ dimethylformamide solutions with carbon nanotubes. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 41, 1572-1577 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/polb.10511
21. Park S. H., Jo S. M., Kim D. Y., Lee W. S., Kim B. C.: Effects of iron catalyst on the formation of crystalline domain during carbonization of electrospun acrylic nanofiber. Synthetic Metals, 150, 265-270 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.02.010
22. Jeong J. S., Jeon S. Y., Lee T. Y., Park J. H., Shin J. H., Alegaonkar P. S., Berdinsky A. S., Yoo J. B.: Fabrication of MWNTs/nylon conductive composite nanofibers by electrospinning. Diamond and Related Materials, 15, 1839-1843 (2006). DOI: 10.1016/j.diamond.2006.08.026
23. Ra E. J., An K. H., Kim K. K., Jeong S. Y., Lee Y. H.: Anisotropic electrical conductivity of MWCNT/PAN nanofiber paper. Chemical Physics Letters, 413, 188-193 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.07.061
24. Ju Y-W., Choi G-R., Jung H-R., Lee W-J.: Electro-chemical properties of electrospun PAN/MWCNT carbon nanofibers electrodes coated with polypyrrole. Electrochimica Acta, 53, 5796-5803 (2008). DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.028
25. Vaisman L., Wachtel E., Wagner H. D., Marom G.: Polymer-nanoinclusion interactions in carbon nanotube based polyacrylonitrile extruded and electro-spun fibers. Polymer, 48, 6843-6854 (2007). DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.09.032
26. Prilutsky S., Zussman E., Cohen Y.: The effect of embedded carbon nanotubes on the morphological evolution during the carbonization of poly(acrylonitrile) nanofibers. Nanotechnology, 19, 165603/1-165603/9 (2008). DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/16/165603
27. Dror Y., Salalha W., Khalfin R. L., Cohen Y., Yarin A. L., Zussman E.: Carbon nanotubes embedded in oriented polymer nanofibers by electrospinning. Langmuir, 19, 7012-7020 (2003). DOI: 10.1021/la034234i
28. Yeo L. Y., Friend J. R.: Electrospinning carbon nanotube polymer composite nanofibers. Journal of Experimental Nanoscience, 1, 177-209 (2006). DOI: 10.1080/17458080600670015
29. Hou H., Ge J. J., Zeng J., Li Q., Reneker D. H., Greiner A., Cheng S. Z. D.: Electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers containing a high concentration of well-aligned multiwall carbon nanotubes. Chemistry of Materials, 17, 967-973 (2005). DOI: 10.1021/cm0484955
30. Qin X-H., Yang E-L., Li N., Wang S-Y.: Effect of different salts on electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polymer solution. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 103, 3865-3870 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/app.25498
31. Lin T., Wang H., Wang H., Wang X.: The effect of surfactants on the formation of fibre beads during the electrospinning of polystyrene nanofibres. in 'Polymer Fibres 2004, Meetings management' Manchester, UK, p4 (2004).
32. Haghi A. K., Akbari M.: Trends in electrospinning of natural nanofibers. Physica Status Solidi A: Applications and Materials Science, 204, 1830-1834 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/pssa.200675301
33. Seo J. M., Arumugam G. K., Khan S., Heiden P. A.: Comparison of the effects of an ionic liquid and tri-ethylbenzylammonium chloride on the properties of electrospun fibers, 1-Poly(lactic acid). Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 294, 35-44 (2009). DOI: 10.1002/mame.200800198
34. Arumugam G. K., Khan S., Heiden P. A.: Comparison of the effects of an ionic liquid and other salts on the properties of electrospun fibers, 2-Poly(vinyl alcohol). Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 294, 45-53 (2009). DOI: 10.1002/mame.200800199
35. Mathew G., Hong J. P., Rhee J. M., Lee H. S., Nah C.: Preparation and characterization of properties of electrospun poly(butylene terephthalate) nanofibers filled with carbon nanotubes. Polymer Testing, 24, 712-717 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2005.05.002
36. Heikkilä P., Harlin A.: Parameter study of electrospinning of polyamide-6. European Polymer Journal, 44, 3067-3079 (2008). DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.06.032
37. Morton W. J.: Method of dispensing fluids. US Patent 705691, USA (1902).
38. Baumgarten P. K.: Electrostatic spinning of acrylic microfibers. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 36, 71-79 (1971).
39. He J-H., Wan Y-Q., Yu J-Y.: Effect of concentration on electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers. Fibers and Polymers, 9, 140-142 (2008). DOI: 10.1007/s12221-008-0023-3
40. Gu S. Y., Ren J., Wu Q. L.: Preparation and structures of electrospun PAN nanofibers as a precursor of carbon nanofibers. Synthetic Metals, 155, 157-161 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2005.07.340
41. Gu S. Y., Ren J., Vancso G. J.: Process optimization and empirical modeling for electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber precursor of carbon nanofibers. European Polymer Journal, 41, 2559-2568 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2005.05.008
42. Zussman E., Chen X., Ding W., Calabri L., Dikin D. A., Quintana J. P., Ruoff R. S.: Mechanical and structural characterization of electrospun PAN-derived carbon nanofibers. Carbon, 43, 2175-2185 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2005.03.031
43. Sutasinpromprae J., Jitjaicham S., Nithitanakul M., Meechaisue C., Supaphol P.: Preparation and characterization of ultrafine electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers and their subsequent pyrolysis to carbon fibers. Polymer International, 55, 825-833 (2006). DOI: 10.1002/pi.2040
44. Agend F., Naderi N., Fareghi-Alamdari R.: Fabrication and electrical characterization of electrospun polyacrylonitrile-derived carbon nanofibers. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106, 255-259 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/app.26476
45. Saiyasombat C., Maensiri S.: Fabrication, morphology, and structure of electrospun PAN-based carbon nanofibers. Journal of Polymer Engineering, 28, 5-18 (2008).
46. th Annual World Textile Conference'Biella, Italy, p6 (2008).