Selective Control Assessment of the Lower Extremity (SCALE): Development, validation, and interrater reliability of a clinical tool for patients with cerebral palsy

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology

Volumn 51, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 607-614

  Fowler, Eileen G ^a   Staudt, Loretta A ^a   Greenberg, Marcia B ^a   Oppenheim, William L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT TOOL; CONSTRUCT VALIDITY; CONTENT VALIDITY; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HEMIPLEGIA; HUMAN; INTERRATER RELIABILITY; MALE; MOTOR CONTROL; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUADRIPLEGIA; SELECTIVE CONTROL ASSESSMENT OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY; SPASTICITY;

ADOLESCENT; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS; HUMANS; LEG; MALE; MOTOR ACTIVITY; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PARESIS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; RANGE OF MOTION, ARTICULAR; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 67651173335     PISSN: 00121622     EISSN: 14698749     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03186.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Ostensjo S, Carlberg EB, Vollestad NK. Motor impairments in young children with cerebral palsy: Relationship to gross motor function and everyday activities. Dev Med Child Neurol 2004; 46: 580-89.
2. Voorman JM, Dallmeijer AJ, Knol DL, Lankhorst GJ, Becher JG. Prospective longitudinal study of gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 88: 871-76.
3. Staudt LA, Peacock W. Selective posterior rhizotomy for the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther 1989; 1: 3-9.
4. Engsberg JR, Ross SA, Collins DR, Park TS. Predicting functional change from preintervention measures in selective dorsal rhizotomy. J Neurosurg 2007; 106: 282-87.
5. Sanger TD, Chen D, Delgado MR, Gaebler-Spira D, Hallett M, Mink JW. Definition and classification of negative motor signs in childhood. Pediatrics 2006; 118: 2159-67.
6. Evarts EV. Relation of pyramidal tract activity to force exerted during voluntary movement. J Neurophysiol 1968; 31: 14-27.
7. Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control, theory and practical applications. 2nd edn. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2001.
8. Staudt M, Pavlova M, Bohm S, Grodd W, Krageloh-Mann I. Pyramidal tract damage correlates with motor dysfunction in bilateral periventricular leukomalacia (PVL). Neuropediatrics 2003; 34: 182-88.
9. Bax M, Tydeman C, Flodmark O. Clinical and MRI correlates of cerebral palsy: The European Cerebral Palsy Study. JAMA 2006; 296: 1602-08.
10. Tedroff K, Knutson LM, Soderberg GL. Synergistic muscle activation during maximum voluntary contractions in children with and without spastic cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2006; 48: 789-96.
11. Bhattacharya A, Lahiri A. Mirror movement in clinical practice. J Indian Acad Clin Med 2002; 3: 177-81.
12. Perry J. Determinants of muscle function in the spastic lower extremity. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1993; 288: 10-26.
13. Fetters L, Chen YP, Jonsdottir J, Tronick EZ. Kicking coordination captures differences between full-term and premature infants with white matter disorder. Hum Mov Sci 2004; 22: 729-48.
14. Berger W, Quintern J, Dietz V. Pathophysiology of gait in children with cerebral palsy. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1982; 53: 538-48.
15. Davids JR, Holland WC, Sutherland DH. Significance of the confusion test in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop 1993; 13: 717-21.
16. Rose J, Martin JG, Torburn L, Rinsky LA, Gamble JG. Electromyographic differentiation of diplegic cerebral palsy from idiopathic toe walking: involuntary coactivation of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius. J Pediatr Orthop 1999; 19: 677-82.
17. Boyd RN, Graham HK. Objective measurement of clinical findings in the use of botulinum toxin type A for the management of children with cerebral palsy. Eur J Neurol 1999; 6: S23-35.
18. Fowler EG, Knutson LM, DeMuth SK, et al. Pediatric endurance and limb strengthening for children with cerebral palsy (PEDALS)-a randomized controlled trial protocol for a stationary cycling intervention. BMC Pediatr 2007; published online (DOI:).
19. Trost J. Physical assessment and observational gait analysis. In: Gage JR, editor. The treatment of gait problems in cerebral palsy. Clinics in Developmental Medicine No. 164-5. London: Mac Keith Press, 2004: 71-89.
20. Löwing K, Carlberg EB. Reliability of the Selective Motor Control Scale in children with cerebral palsy. Adv Physiother 2008; 1: 1-6.
21. Brunnstrom S. Motor testing procedures in hemiplegia: Based on sequential recovery stages. Phys Ther 1966; 46: 357-75.
22. Fugl-Meyer AR, Jaasko L, Leyman I, Olsson S, Steglind S. The post-stroke hemiplegic patient. 1. A method for evaluation of physical performance. Scand J Rehabil Med 1975; 7: 13-31.
23. Olree KS, Engsberg JR, Ross SA, Park TS. Changes in synergistic movement patterns after selective dorsal rhizotomy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2000; 42: 297-303.
24. Thelen DD, Riewald SA, Asakawa DS, Sanger TD, Delp SL. Abnormal coupling of knee and hip moments during maximal exertions in persons with cerebral palsy. Muscle Nerve 2003; 27: 486-93.
25. Domholdt E. Physical therapy research, principles and applications. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1993.
26. Sim J, Arnell P. Measurement validity in physical therapy research. Phys Ther 1993; 73: 102-10.
27. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Walter S, Russell D, Wood E, Galuppi B. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 1997; 39: 214-23.
28. Palisano R, Rosenbaum P, Bartlett D, Livingston M. GMFCS-E&R. Gross Motor Function Classification System, Expanded and Revised. http://www.canchild.ca/Portals/0/outcomes/pdf/GMFCS-ER.pdf (accessed 9 June 2008).
29. Fowler EG, Goldberg EJ. The effect of lower extremity selective voluntary motor control on interjoint coordination during gait in children with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Gait Posture 2009; 29: 102-107.