Hebrew Christian Associations in Ottoman Jerusalem: Jewish Yeshua-believers facing Church and Synagogue

Revue des Etudes Juives

Volumn 161, Issue 3-4, 2002, Pages 431-457

  Nerel, Gershon ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 67650718145     PISSN: 04848616     EISSN: 1783175X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2143/REJ.161.3.236     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. See recently, for example, an updated research by Y. PERRY, «The London Society for Promoting Christianity Among the Jews in Eretz Israel (1809-1914)», Ph.D. Dissertation, Haifa University, 1999 (in Hebrew)
2. Cf. M. DAVIS and Y. BEN-ARIEH, With Eyes Toward Zion - Western Societies and the Holy Land, vol. 3, New York, London, 1991
3. Cf. A.A. ISAACS, Biography of Henry Aaron Stern, London, 1886, pp. 24-26
4. T.M. ENDELMAN (ed.), Jewish Apostasy in the Modern World, New York, London, 1987, pp. 1-19
5. Y. ARIEL, Evangelizing the Chosen People: Missions to the Jews in America (1880-200), Chapel Hill, London, 2000, pp. 13-21, 128-134, 205-207, 247-251
6. Cf. A. ZOLONTZ, "Bishop of Jerusalem," in H. EINSPRUCH (ed.), Would I? Would You?, Baltimore, 1970, pp. 58-61
7. A. BERNSTEIN, Some Jewish Witnesses for Christ, London, 1909, pp. 77-81
8. A. McCaul was Professor of Divinity at King's College, London, and Prebendary of St. Paul's. He authored The Old Paths (The Talmud Tested by Scripture - Being a Comparison of the Principles and Doctrines of Modern Judaism with the Religion of Moses and the Prophets), London, 1886
9. th, 1926, pp. 347-349
10. See, for example, I.H. MURRAY, The Puritan Hope: A Study in Revival and the Interpretation of Prophecy, London, 1971, esp. pp. 44-55, 142
11. Cf. Y. ARIEL, "The Rise of Christian Eschatology in the Wake of the French Revolution," in R.I. COHEN (ed. The French Revolution and Its Impact, Jerusalem, 1991, pp. 319-338 (in Hebrew)
12. J.B. CARTWRIGHT, The Church of St. James: the Primitive Hebrew Christian Church of Jerusalem, London, 1842, pp. vii-viii
13. A. BERNSTEIN, Some Jewish Witnesses for Christ, p. 81. Bishop Alexander's private book of the Hebrew New Testament is still kept at "Christ Church" in the Old City, Jerusalem. It should also be noted that in London, several years before his departure to Jerusalem, Alexander also took an active part in the translation of the Anglican Liturgy into Hebrew
14. F.C. EWALD, Journal of Missionary Labours in the City of Jerusalem (During the Years 1842-3-4), London, 1846, p. 92
15. See, for example, R. KARK and M. OREN-NORDHEIM, Jerusalem and Its Environs: Quarters, Neighborhoods, Villages, 1800-1948, Jerusalem, 1995, p. 24 (in Hebrew)
16. Cf. A. BERNSTEIN, Some Jewish Witnesses, p. 212
17. F.C. EWALD, Journal, pp. 103, 212, 216, 250
18. See, for example, Joseph Lang, "The Struggle Against Missionary Activity at the Beginning of the First Aliyah and its Reflection in the Jerusalem Press," in Cathedra 80 (1996), pp. 63-87 (in Hebrew)
19. Cf. B.-Z. GATT, The Jewish Yishuv in Eretz-Israel (1840-1881), Jerusalem 1963 (in Hebrew)
20. Y. BEN-ARIEH, A City Reflected in Its Times: Jerusalem in the Nineteenth Century, The Old City, Jerusalem, 1977, pp. 299-300 (in Hebrew)
21. Cf. F.C. EWALD, Journal, p. 257
22. J.B. CARTWRIGHT, A Dedication "To the Right Reverend Father in God, Michael Solomon, Lord Bishop of the United Church of England and Ireland at Jerusalem," in The Church of St. James, the front page
23. Cf. J.B. CARTWRIGHT, The Church of St. James, pp. 297-303
24. See also K. CROMBIE, "Michael Solomon Alexander and the Controversial Jerusalem Bishopric," in Mishkan 15 (1991), pp. 1-12
25. Cf. B.Z. SOBEL, Hebrew Christianity: The Thirteenth Tribe, New York, London, 1974, pp. 136-155; 177-182
26. See also H.J. SCHONFIELD, The History of Jewish Christianity, London, 1936, pp. 211-236
27. Cf. G. NEREL, "The Authoritative Bible and Jewish Believers," in Messianic Jewish Life 73 (2000), pp. 19, 30
28. J.W. JOHNS, The Anglican Cathedral Church of Saint James - Mount Zion, Jerusalem, London, 1844, p. 3
29. S. GOBAT, Missionnaire en Abyssinie et évêque à Jérusalem: sa vie et son œuvre, freely translated from German by A. ROLLIER, Bâle, 1885, p. 279
30. For some further comparisons, see for example, G. NEREL, «"Messianic Jews" in Eretz-Israel (1917-1967): Trends and Changes in Shaping Self-Identity», Ph.D., The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1996, pp. 183-197 (in Hebrew)
31. th Century, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 1999
32. In January 1904 Kelk became the Superintendent of the Wanderers' Home for Jews in London. Ibid., p. 42
33. J.E. HANAUER, "Jerusalem Notes," in TJI, February 1891, p. 21
34. Cf. G. NEREL, "Primitive Jewish Christians in the Modern Thought of Messianic Jews," in S.C. MIMOUNI (ed.), Le judéo-christianisme dans tous ses états, Paris, 2001, pp. 399-425
35. "Constitution and By-Laws," Jerusalem, 1899, p. 3
36. L. MEYER, "Hebrew-Christian Brotherhoods, Unions and Alliances of the Past and Present," in The Glory of Israel, vol. 1, Pittsburg, 1903, p. 252
37. See also E. LLOYD, "H.L. Ellison, an Appreciation," in The Hebrew Christian 56, 1983, pp. 71-72
38. L. ZECKHAUSEN, "Hebrew Christians of Jerusalem," in Jewish Missionary Intelligence, n. s., February 1900, p. 20 (= JMI)
39. G. DALMANN, "Hevrat Yehudim Meshihiim Birushalayim," ("A Society of Messianic Jews in Jerusalem," in Berith Am (Leipzig) 10, April 1902, p. 158 (in Yiddish)
40. A. BERNSTEIN, "The Formation of a Hebrew-Christian Church: Is it Desirable?," in JMI 18, 1902, pp. 67-69
41. Printed by the LJS at the Operative Jewish Converts' Institution, Palestine House London, 1909
42. "Where are our Converts?" in Bread Cast Upon the Waters (A Record of Mission Work amongst the Jews), CMJ, London, 1925-1926, pp. 81-82
43. Cf. J.E. HANAUER, "Report from Jerusalem," ibid
44. See G. NEREL, "Attempts to establish a 'Messianic Jewish Church' in Eretz Israel," in Mishkan, 28, 1998, pp. 35-38
45. See R. KARK, M. OREN-NORDHEIM, Jerusalem and Its Environs, op. cit., esp. pp. 146-150
46. Cf. G. NEREL, "Messianic Jews and the Modern Zionist Movement," in Torleif Elgvin (ed.), Israel and Yeshua, Jerusalem, 1993, pp. 75-84
47. See, for example, H. DUDMAN and R. KARK, The American Colony (Scenes from a Jerusalem Saga), Jerusalem, 1998, passim
48. Cf. Y. ARIEL and R. KARK, "Messianism, Holiness, Charisma, and Community: The American-Swedish Colony in Jerusalem, 1881-1933," in Church History 65, 1996, esp. pp. 653-654
49. K. CROMBIE, For the Love of Zion (Christian Witness and the Restoration of Israel), London, 1991, p. 144
50. th Century and the Founding of the "Hebrew Christian Alliance" in England (1866-1871), Jerusalem, 1996, Master's Thesis, Hebrew University (in Hebrew)
51. See K. KJAER-HANSEN, Joseph Rabinowitz and the Messianic Movement (The Herzl of Jewish Christianity), Michigan, 1995
52. Cf. L. MEYER, "Hebrew Christian Brotherhoods, Unions and Alliances of the Past and Present," in The Glory of Israel 1 (1903), pp. 230-232
53. Cf. E. FRIEDMAN, Jewish Identity, New York, 1987, esp. pp. 133-141
54. See also G. NEREL, "A Marginal Minority Confronting Two Mainstreams: Jewish Followers of Jesus Confronting Judaism and Christianity (1850-1950)," in Shulamit Volkov, ed., Being Different: Minorities, Aliens and Outsiders in History, The Zalman Shazar Center for Jewish History, Jerusalem 2000, pp. 283-297 (Hebrew)