Suicidal behavior among female sex workers in Goa, India: The silent epidemic

American Journal of Public Health

Volumn 99, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 1239-1246

  Shahmanesh, Maryam ^a   Wayal, Sonali ^b   Cowan, Frances ^b   Mabey, David ^b   Copas, Andrew ^b   Patel, Vikram ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; INDIA; MENTAL HEALTH; PARTNER VIOLENCE; PREVALENCE; PROSTITUTION; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE; SOCIOECONOMICS; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR; SUICIDE ATTEMPT; ADOLESCENT; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MENTAL DISEASE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL MODEL; STATISTICS; VIOLENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INDIA; LOGISTIC MODELS; MENTAL DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; PROSTITUTION; QUESTIONNAIRES; RISK FACTORS; SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED; VIOLENCE;

EID: 67650716584     PISSN: 00900036     EISSN: 15410048     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2008.149930     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Aaron R, Joseph A, Abraham S, et al. Suicides in young people in rural southern India. Lancet. 2004;363:1117-1118.
2. Eddleston M, Konradsen F. Commentary: time for a re-assessment of the incidence of intentional and unintentional injury in India and South East Asia. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:208-211.
3. Vijayakumar L, John S, Pirkis J, Whiteford H. Suicide in developing countries (2): risk factors. Crisis. 2005;26:112-119.
4. Maselko J, Patel V. Why women attempt suicide: the role of mental illness and social disadvantage in a community cohort study in India. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2008;62:817-822.
5. Pillai A, Andrews T, Patel V. Violence, psychological distress and the risk of suicidal behaviour in young people in India. Int J Epidemiol. 2009;38(2):459-469.
6. Phillips MR, Yang G, Zhang Y, Wang L, Ji H, Zhou M. Risk factors for suicide in China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study. Lancet. 2002;360:1728-1736.
7. Phillips MR, Li X, Zhang Y. Suicide rates in China, 1995-99. Lancet. 2002;359:835-840.
8. Patel V. Commentary: preventing suicide: need for a life course approach. Int J Epidemiol. 2007;36:1242-1243.
9. Patel V, Kirkwood BR, Pednekar S, et al. Gender disadvantage and reproductive health risk factors for common mental disorders in women: a community survey in India. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:404-413.
10. Chandrasekaran P, Dallabetta G, Loo V, Rao S, Gayle H, Alexander A. Containing HIV/AIDS in India: the unfinished agenda. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6:508-521.
11. Greene JM, Ennett ST, Ringwalt CL. Prevalence and correlates of survival sex among runaway and homeless youth. Am J Public Health. 1999;89:1406-1409.
12. Carrico AW, Johnson MO, Morin SF, et al. Correlates of suicidal ideation among HIV-positive persons. AIDS. 2007;21:1199-1203.
13. Huebner DM, Rebchook GM, Kegeles SM. Experiences of harassment, discrimination, and physical violence among young gay and bisexual men. Am J Public Health. 2004;94:1200-1203.
14. Blanchard JF, O'Neil J, Ramesh BM, Bhattacharjee P, Orchard T, Moses S. Understanding the social and cultural contexts of female sex workers in Karnataka, India: implications for prevention of HIV infection. J Infect Dis. 2005;191(suppl 1):S139-S146.
15. Hong Y, Li X, Fang X, Zhao R. Correlates of suicidal ideation and attempt among female sex workers in China. Health Care Women Int. 2007;28:490-505.
16. Census of India 2001. New Delhi: Government of India; 2001.
17. Economic Survey 2005-2006: Directorate of Planning, Statistics and Evaluation. Goa, India: Government of Goa; 2007.
18. Shahmanesh M, Wayal S. Targeting commercial sexworkers in Goa, India: Time for a strategic rethink? Lancet. 2004;364:1297-1299.
19. Magnani R, Sabin K, Saidel T, Heckathorn D. Review of sampling hard-to-reach and hidden populations for HIV surveillance. AIDS. 2005;19(suppl 2):S67-S72.
20. Buve A, Carael M, Hayes RJ, et al. Multicentre study on factors determining differences in rate of spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa: methods and prevalence of HIV infection. AIDS. 2001;15(suppl 4):S5-S14.
21. Cowan FM, Hargrove JW, Langhaug LF, et al. The appropriateness of core group interventions using presumptive periodic treatment among rural Zimbabwean women who exchange sex for gifts or money. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;38:202-207.
22. Patel V, Pednekar S, Weiss H, et al. Why do women complain of vaginal discharge? A population survey of infectious and psychosocial risk factors in a South Asian community. Int J Epidemiol. 2005;34:853-862.
23. Gregson S, Zhuwau T, Ndlovu J, Nyamukapa CA. Methods to reduce social desirability bias in sex surveys in low-development settings: experience in Zimbabwe. Sex Transm Dis. 2002;29:568-575.
24. Indian Council of Medical Research and Family Health International. National Interim Summery Report-India, Integrated Behavioural and Biological Assessment (IBBA), Round 1 (2005-2007). New Delhi, India: National AIDS Research Institute and Family Health International; 2007.
25. Shahmanesh M, Cowan FM, Wayal SS, Copas A, Patel V, Mabey D. The burden and determinants of HIV and sexually transmitted infections in a population based sample of female sex workers in Goa, India. Sex Transm Infect. 2009;85(1):50-59.
26. Furukawa TA, Kessler RC, Slade T, Andrews G. The performance of the K6 and K10 screening scales for psychological distress in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Psychol Med. 2003;33:357-362.
27. Kessler RC, Barker PR, Colpe LJ, et al. Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:184-189.
28. Kessler RC, Andrews G, Colpe LJ, et al. Short screening scales to monitor population prevalence and trends in non-specific psychological distress. Psychol Med. 2002;32:959-976.
29. Patel V, Araya R, Chowdhary N, et al. Detecting common mental disorders in primary care in India: a comparison of five screening questionnaires. Psychol Med. 2008;38:221-228.
30. International Institute for Population Science and Macro International. National Family Health Survey 2005-2006 (NFHS-3). Pune, India: International Institute for Population Science; 2007.
31. Davar B, Wayal S. Mental Health, Pregnancy and Childbirth: Evidence. New Delhi: John D and Catherine T MacArthurFundfor LeadershipDevelopment, India;2001.
32. Pronyk PM, Hargreaves JR, Kim JC, et al. Effect of a structural intervention for the prevention of intimate-partner violence and HIV in rural South Africa: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2006;368:1973-1983.