Threshold of a random laser based on Raman gain in cold atoms

Optics Express

Volumn 17, Issue 14, 2009, Pages 11236-11245

  Guerin, William ^a   Mercadier, Nicolas ^a   Brivio, Davide ^a,b   Kaiser, Robin ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

(140.1340) Atomic gas lasers; (140.3550) Lasers, Raman; (290.4210) Multiple scattering

Indexed keywords

ATOMS; GAS LASERS; LASER BEAMS; POLARIZATION; RUTHERFORD BACKSCATTERING SPECTROSCOPY;

(140.3550) LASERS, RAMAN; ATOMIC GAS LASERS; ATOMIC POLARIZABILITY; ELASTIC SCATTERING CROSS SECTIONS; OPTICAL THICKNESS; POLARIZABILITIES; SPECTROSCOPIC MEASUREMENTS; STATE OF THE ART;

ATOM LASERS;

MELOXICAM; THIAZINE DERIVATIVE; THIAZOLE DERIVATIVE;

ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; COLD; DIFFUSION; LASER; METHODOLOGY; OPTICS; RADIATION SCATTERING; RAMAN SPECTROMETRY;

ALGORITHMS; COLD TEMPERATURE; DIFFUSION; LASERS; OPTICS AND PHOTONICS; SCATTERING, RADIATION; SPECTRUM ANALYSIS, RAMAN; THIAZINES; THIAZOLES;

EID: 67650553292     PISSN: None     EISSN: 10944087     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/OE.17.011236     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. V. S. Letokhov, "Generation of light by a scattering medium with negative resonance absorption," Sov. Phys. JETP 26, 835-840 (1968).
2. C. Gouedard, D. Husson, D. Sauteret, F. Auzel, and A. Migus, "Generation of spatially incoherent short pulses in laser-pumped neodymium stoichiometric crystals and powders," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 2358-2362 (1993).
3. J. Martorell, R. M. Balachandran, and N. M. Lawandy, "Radiative coupling between photnic paint layers," Opt. Lett. 21, 239-241 (1996).
4. H. Cao, Y. G. Zhao, H. C. Ong, S. T. Ho, J. Y. Dai, J. Y. Wu, and R. P. H. Chang, "Ultraviolet Lasing in Resonators Formed by Scattering in Semiconductor Polycrystalline Films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 3656-3658 (1998).
5. D. S. Wiersma and S. Cavalier, "Light emission: A temperature-tunable random laser," Nature 414, 708-709 (2001).
6. G. Strangi, S. Ferjani, V. Barna, A. D. Luca, C. Versace, N. Scaramuzza, and R. Bartolino, "Random lasing and weak localization of light in dye-doped nematic liquid crystals," Opt. Express 14, 7737-7744 (2006).
7. D. S. Wiersma and A. Lagendijk, "Light diffusion with gain and random lasers," Phys. Rev. E 54, 4256-4265 (1996).
8. A. L. Burin, M. A. Ratner, H. Cao, and R. P. H. Chang, "Model for a Random Laser," Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 215503 (2001).
9. C. Vanneste, P. Sebbah, and H. Cao, "Lasing with Resonant Feedback in Weakly Scattering Random Systems," Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 143902 (2007).
10. H. E. Türeci, L. Ge, S. Rotter, and A. D. Stone, "Strong Interactions in Multimode Random Lasers," Science 320, 643-646 (2008).
11. D. S. Wiersma, "The physics and applications of random lasers," Nat. Phys. 4, 359-367 (2008).
12. C. Conti and A. Fratalocchi, "Dynamic light diffusion, three-dimensional Anderson localization and lasing in inverted opals," Nat. Phys. 4, 794-798 (2008).
13. H. Cao, "Lasing in random media," Waves Random Media 13, R1-R39 (2003).
14. H. Cao, "Review on latest developments in random lasers with coherent feedback," J. Phys. A 38, 10497-10535 (2005).
15. H. Metcalf and P. van der Straten, Laser cooling and Trapping (Springer, New York, 1999).
16. A. Fioretti, A. F. Molisch, J. H. Mutter, P. Verkerk, and M. Allegrini, "Observation of radiation trapping in a dense Cs magneto-optical trap," Opt. Commun. 149, 415-422 (1998).
17. G. Labeyrie, E. Vaujour, C. A. Müller, D. Delande, C. Miniatura, D. Wilkowski, and R. Kaiser, "Slow Diffusion of Light in a Cold Atomic Cloud," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 223904 (2003).
18. L. Hilico, C. Fabre, and E. Giacobino, "Operation of a "Cold-Atom Laser" in a Magneto-Optical Trap," Europhys. Lett. 18, 685-688 (1992).
19. W. Guerin, F. Michaud, and R. Kaiser, "Mechanisms for Lasing with Cold Atoms as the Gain Medium," Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 093002 (2008).
20. Note that even though new interesting features appear when coherent feedback is involved [14], we will consider only incoherent (intensity) feedback.
21. L. S. Froufe-Pérez, W. Guerin, R. Carminati, and R. Kaiser, "Threshold of a Random Laser with Cold Atoms," Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 173903 (2009).
22. B. R. Mollow, "Stimulated Emission and Absorption near Resonance for Driven Systems," Phys. Rev. A 5, 2217-2222 (1972.
23. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd ed. (Wiley, New York, 1999).
24. D. Grison, B. Lounis, C. Salomon, J.-Y. Courtois, and G. Grynberg, "Raman Spectroscopy of Cesium Atoms in a Laser Trap," Europhys. Lett. 15, 149-154 (1991).
25. J. W. R. Tabosa, G. Chen, Z. Hu, R. B. Lee, and H. J. Kimble, "Nonlinear Spectroscopy of Cold Atoms in a Spontaneous-Force Optical Trap," Phys. Rev. Lett. 66, 3245-3248 (1991).
26. M. C. W. van Rossum and T. M. Nieuwenhuizen, "Multiple scattering of classical waves: microscopy, mesoscopy, and diffusion," Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, 313-371 (1999).
27. We consider only isotropic scattering so that the transport length equals the scattering mean free path [26].
28. K. Case and P. Zweifel, Linear transport theory (Addison-Wesley, 1967).
29. K. Drozdowicz, E. Krynicka, and J. Da̧browska, "Diffusion cooling of thermal neutrons in basic rock minerals by Monte Carlo simulation of the pulsed neutron experiments," App. Rad. Isot. 58, 727-733 (2003).
30. A. Lagendijk and B. A. van Tiggelen, "Resonant multiple scattering of light," Phys. Rep. 270, 143-215 (1996).
31. D. Brivio, "Random laser with cold atoms: extracting information from atomic fluorescence," Master Thesis, Università di Milano (2008).
32. T. M. Brzozowski, M. Brzozowska, J. Zachorowski, M. Zawada, and W. Gawlik, "Probe spectroscopy in an operating magneto-optical trap: The role of Raman transitions between discrete and continuum atomic states," Phys. Rev. A 71, 013401 (2005).
33. G. Grynberg and C. Robilliard, "Cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices," Phys. Rep. 355, 335-451 (2001).
34. 87Rb atoms in various polarization configurations," Phys. Rev. A 63, 043808 (2001).
35. C. Cohen-Tannoudji, J. Dupont-Roc, and G. Grynberg, Atom-Photon Interactions: Basic Processes and Applications (Wiley, New York, 1992).
36. B. Gao, "Effects of Zeeman degeneracy on the steady-state properties of an atom interacting with a near-resonant laser field: Resonance fluorescence," Phys. Rev. A 50, 4139-4156 (1994).
37. B. R. Mollow, "Power Spectrum of Light Scattered by Two-Level Systems," Phys. Rev. 188, 1969-1975 (1969).
38. W. Ketterle, K. B. Davis, M. A. Joffre, A. Martin, and D. E. Pritchard, "High Densities of Cold Atoms in a Dark Spontaneous-Force trap," Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 2253-2256 (1993).
39. M. T. dePue, S. L. Winoto, D. J. Han, and D. S. Weiss, "Transient compression of a MOT and high intensity fluorescent imaging of optically thick clouds of atoms," Opt. Commun. 180, 73-79 (2000).
40. C. I. Westbrook, R. N. Watts, C. E. Tanner, S. L. Rolston, W. D. Phillips, P. D. Lett, and P. L. Gould, "Localization of atoms in a three-dimensional standing wave," Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 33-36 (1990).
41. C. Jurczak, K. Sengstock, R. Kaiser, N. Vansteenkiste, C. I. Westbrook, and A. Aspect, "Observation of intensity correlations in the fluorescence from laser cooled atoms," Opt. Commun. 115, 480-484 (1995).
42. S. Bali, D. Hoffmann, J. Simán, and T. Walker, "Measurements of intensity correlations of scattered light from laser-cooled atoms," Phys. Rev. A 53, 3469-3472 (1996).
43. M. A. Noginov, J. Novak, D. Grigsby, and L. Deych, "Applicability of the diffusion model to random lasers with non-resonant feedback," J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 8, S285-S295 (2006).