Toxicology for the twenty-first century

Nature

Volumn 460, Issue 7252, 2009, Pages 208-212

  Hartung, Thomas ^a,b,c,d  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Department of Evidence based Toxicology ^*  (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF KONSTANZ   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

TOXICITY TEST; TOXICOLOGY; TWENTY FIRST CENTURY;

EYE TOXICITY; LAW; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SKIN TOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY;

ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING SYSTEMS; ANIMALS; FALSE POSITIVE REACTIONS; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HUMANS; MODELS, ANIMAL; RATS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RESEARCH DESIGN; TOXICITY TESTS; TOXICOLOGY;

EID: 67650445156     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764687     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/460208a     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Taylor, K., Gordon, N., Langley, G. & Higgins, W. Altern. Lab. Anim. 36, 327-342 (2008).
2. Hartung, T. ALTEX 25, 3-9 (2008).
3. http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/docs/acutetox-docs/ATpanelrpt06/ATpanelrpt. pdf
4. Basketter, D. A., York, M., McFadden, J. P. & Robinson, M. K. Contact Dermatitis 51, 1-4 (2004).
5. Gottmann, E., Kramer, S., Pfahringer, B. & Helma, C. Environ. Health Perspect. 109, 509-514 (2001).
6. Schardein, J. L., Schwetz, B. A. & Kenel, M. F. Environ. Health Perspect. 61, 55-67 (1985).
7. Olson, H. et al. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 32, 56-67 (2000).
8. Stevens, J. L. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 19, 1393-1401 (2006).
9. Lazarou, J. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 279, 1200-1205 (1998).
10. Rietjens, I. M. C. M. & Alink, G. M. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 19, 977-981 (2006).
11. Austin, P. C., Mamdani, M. M., Juurlink, D. N. & Hux, J. E. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 59, 964-969 (2006).
12. Purchase, I. F. H. Toxicology 202, 1-20 (2004).
13. Wandall, B., Hansson, S. O. & Rudén, C. Arch. Toxicol. 81, 605-617 (2007).
14. Hoffmann, S. & Hartung, T. Toxicol. Sci. 85, 422-428 (2005).
15. Hoffmann, S., Cole, T. & Hartung, T. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 41, 159-166 (2005).
16. Bremer, S., Pellizzer, C., Hoffmann, S., Seidle, T. & Hartung, T. Curr. Pharm. Des. 13, 3047-3058 (2007).
17. Höfer, T. et al. Arch. Toxicol. 78, 549-564 (2004).
18. Hartung, T. ALTEX 24, 143-147 (2007).
19. Hareng, L., Pellizzer, C., Bremer, S., Schwarz, M. & Hartung, T. Reprod. Toxicol. 20, 441-452 (2005).
20. Kola, I. & Landis, J. Nature Rev. Drug Discov. 3, 711-715 (2004).
21. Kuiper, H. A. Plant J. 27, 503-528 (2001).
22. Service, R. F. Science 321, 1036-1037 (2008).
23. Wood, M., Pichard, A., Gundert-Remy, U., de Rooij, C. & Tissot, S. M. J. Hazard. Mater. 133, 8-15 (2006).
24. http://www.cochrane.org/
25. Hoffmann, S. & Hartung, T. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 25, 497-513 (2006).
26. Hansson, S. O. & Ruden, C. Toxicology 218, 100-111 (2006).
27. Davila, J. C. et al. Toxicol. Sci. 79, 214-223 (2004).
28. Stummann, T. C. & Bremer, S. Curr. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 3, 117-130 (2008).
29. Hartung, T. & Leist, M. ALTEX 25, 91-96 (2008).
30. Leist, M., Hartung, T. & Nicotera, P. ALTEX 25, 103-114 (2008).
31. MacGregor, J. T. Toxicol. Sci. 75, 236-248 (2003).
32. Pognan, F. Pharmacogenomics 5, 879-893 (2004).
33. Lotti, M. & Nicotera, P. Nature 416, 481 (2002).
34. Orrhenius, S. & Zhitvotovsky, B. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 19, 729-733 (2006).
35. Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, National Research Council of the National Academies. Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: a Vision and a Strategy (The National Academies Press, 2007).
36. Collins, F. S., Gray, G. M. & Bucher, J. R. Science 319, 906-907 (2008).
37. http://www.epa.gov/osa/spc/toxicitytesting/
38. http://www.epa.gov/ncct/toxcast/
39. Hartung, T. ALTEX 25, 147-162 (2008).
40. Bottini, A. A. & Hartung, T. ALTEX 26, 3-16 (2008).
41. Hartung, T. Altern. Lab. Anim. 36, 635-639 (2008).
42. Hartung, T. Toxicol. Sci. 109, 18-23 (2009).