Has near work's star fallen?

Optometry and Vision Science

Volumn 86, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 76-78

  Mutti, Donald O ^a   Zadnik, Karla ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EDITORIAL; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EYE FUNDUS; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE; MYOPIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFRACTION ERROR; RISK FACTOR;

AGE OF ONSET; ANIMALS; CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMANS; INFANT; MYOPIA; PREVALENCE; REFRACTION, OCULAR; RISK FACTORS; WORLD HEALTH;

EID: 67650299581     PISSN: 10405488     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0b013e31819974ae     Document Type: Editorial

References (35)

1. Mark HH. Johannes Kepler on the eye and vision. Am J Ophthalmol 1971;72:869-78.
2. Donders FC. On the Anomalies of Accommodation and Refraction of the Eye: With a Preliminary Essay on Physiological Dioptrics. London: New Sydenham Society; 1864.
3. Ware J. Observations relative to the near and distant sight of different persons. Philos Trans R Soc Lond A 1813;103:31-50.
4. Cohn HL. The Hygiene of the Eye in Schools. London: Simpkin, Marshall; 1886.
5. Wildsoet C, Wallman J. Choroidal and scleral mechanisms of compensation for spectacle lenses in chicks. Vision Res 1995;35: 1175-94.
6. Smith EL, III, Hung LF. The role of optical defocus in regulating refractive development in infant monkeys. Vision Res 1999;39: 1415-35.
7. Graham B, Judge SJ. The effects of spectacle wear in infancy on eye growth and refractive error in the marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Vision Res 1999;39:189-206.
8. Siegwart JT, Norton TT. Refractive and ocular changes in tree shrews raised with plus or minus lenses. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1993; 34(suppl.):1208.
9. McFadden SA, Howlett MH, Mertz JR. Retinoic acid signals the direction of ocular elongation in the guinea pig eye. Vision Res 2004; 44:643-53.
10. Irving EL, Sivak JG, Callender MG. Refractive plasticity of the developing chick eye. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 1992;12:448-56.
11. Gabriel GM, Mutti DO. Evaluation of infant accommodation using retinoscopy and photoretinoscopy. Optom Vis Sci, 2008;86: in press.
12. Gwiazda J, Thorn F, Bauer J, Held R. Myopic children show insufficient accommodative response to blur. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1993;34:690-4.
13. Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Hayes JR, Jones LA, Moeschberger ML, Cotter SA, Kleinstein RN, Manny RE, Twelker JD, Zadnik K. Accommodative lag before and after the onset of myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006;47:837-46.
14. Gwiazda J, Thorn F, Held R. Accommodation, accommodative convergence, and response AC/A ratios before and at the onset of myopia in children. Optom Vis Sci 2005;82:273-8.
15. Berntsen DA, Sinnott LT, Mutti DO, Zadnik K, the CLEERE Study Group. Accommodative lag is not related to myopia progression. Optom Vis Sci 2007;84: abstract nr 070049.
16. Saw SM, Shankar A, Tan SB, Taylor H, Tan DT, Stone RA, Wong TY. A cohort study of incident myopia in Singaporean children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006;47:1839-44.
17. Jones LA, Sinnott LT, Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Moeschberger ML, Zadnik K. Parental history of myopia, sports and outdoor activities, and future myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:3524-32.
18. Napper GA, Brennan NA, Barrington M, Squires MA, Vessey GA, Vingrys AJ. The duration of normal visual exposure necessary to prevent form deprivation myopia in chicks. Vision Res 1995;35: 1337-44.
19. Smith EL, III, Hung LF, Kee CS, Qiao Y. Effects of brief periods of unrestricted vision on the development of form-deprivation myopia in monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:291-9.
20. Zhu X, Winawer JA, Wallman J. Potency of myopic defocus in spectacle lens compensation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2003;44: 2818-27.
21. Norton TT, Siegwart JT Jr, Amedo AO. Effectiveness of hyperopic defocus, minimal defocus, or myopic defocus in competition with a myopiagenic stimulus in tree shrew eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2006;47:4687-99.
22. Zylbermann R, Landau D, Berson D. The influence of study habits on myopia in Jewish teenagers. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 1993;30:319-22.
23. Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Moeschberger ML, Jones LA, Zadnik K. Parental myopia, near work, school achievement, and children's refractive error. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:3633-40.
24. Onal S, Toker E, Akingol Z, Arslan G, Ertan S, Turan C, Kaplan O. Refractive errors of medical students in Turkey: one year follow-up of refraction and biometry. Optom Vis Sci 2007;84:175-80.
25. Rose KA, Morgan IG, Ip J, Kifley A, Huynh S, Smith W, Mitchell P. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. Ophthalmology 2008;115:1279-85.
26. Ip JM, Huynh SC, Robaei D, Rose KA, Morgan IG, Smith W, Kifley A, Mitchell P. Ethnic differences in the impact of parental myopia: findings from a population-based study of 12-year-old Australian children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:2520-8.
27. Saw SM, Tong L, Gazzard G, Zhang X, Chia A, Rose K. Outdoor leisure is protective for myopia in Singapore teenage children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2008;49:e-abstract 1551.
28. Stone RA, Flitcroft DI. Ocular shape and myopia. Ann Acad Med Singap 2004;33:7-15.
29. Smith EL, III, Kee CS, Ramamirtham R, Qiao-Grider Y, Hung LF. Peripheral vision can influence eye growth and refractive development in infant monkeys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2005;46: 3965-72.
30. Schippert R, Schaeffel F. Peripheral defocus does not necessarily affect central refractive development. Vision Res 2006;46:3935-40.
31. Smith EL, III, Ramamirtham R, Qiao-Grider Y, Hung LF, Huang J, Kee CS, Coats D, Paysse E. Effects of foveal ablation on em-metropization and form-deprivation myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007;48:3914-22.
32. Cho P, Cheung SW, Edwards M. The longitudinal orthokeratology research in children (LORIC) in Hong Kong: a pilot study on refractive changes and myopic control. Curr Eye Res 2005;30:71-80.
33. Young TL, Metlapally R, Shay AE. Complex trait genetics of refractive error. Arch Ophthalmol 2007;125:38-48.
34. Tang WC, Yap MK, Yip SP. A review of current approaches to identifying human genes involved in myopia. Clin Exp Optom 2008; 91:4-22.
35. Mutti DO, Zadnik K. Heredity of refractive errors. In: Jaeger EA, ed. Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins, in press.