Systemic therapies for non-metastatic prostate cancer: Review of the literature

Onkologie

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 359-363

  Jereczek Fossa, Barbara Alicja ^a,b   Curigliano, Giuseppe ^a   Orecchia, Roberto ^a,b  

^a EUROPEAN INSTITUTE OF ONCOLOGY   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MILAN   (Italy)

Author keywords

Androgen deprivation; Chemotherapy; Prostate cancer; Systemic therapy

Indexed keywords

BEVACIZUMAB; BICALUTAMIDE; CETUXIMAB; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; DOCETAXEL; ESTRAMUSTINE; ETOPOSIDE; FLUOROURACIL; GEFITINIB; GONADORELIN DERIVATIVE; HYDROCORTISONE; IMATINIB; MITOXANTRONE; PACLITAXEL; PREDNISONE; RAPAMYCIN; RECOMBINANT GRANULOCYTE MACROPHAGE COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 2; SUNITINIB; TEMSIROLIMUS;

ANDROGEN DEPRIVATION THERAPY; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER HORMONE THERAPY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CLINICAL TRIAL; HUMAN; LOCAL THERAPY; LOW DRUG DOSE; META ANALYSIS; METASTASIS; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; MULTIPLE CYCLE TREATMENT; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PROSTATE CANCER; PROSTATECTOMY; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; SYSTEMIC THERAPY; THROMBOEMBOLISM; TREATMENT OUTCOME; WATCHFUL WAITING;

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; HUMANS; MALE; PROSTATIC NEOPLASMS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 67650230038     PISSN: 0378584X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000215713     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. National Comprehensive Cancer Network: Prostate cancer; in National Comprehensive Cancer Network Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology, version 1,2008. Jenkinstown, PA, March 2008. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician- gls/default. asp
2. Damber JE, Aus G: Prostate cancer. Lancet 2008; 371:1710-1721.
3. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Orecchia R: Evidence-based radiation oncology: definitive, adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy for non-metastatic prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2007;84:197-215.
4. Shelley M, Kumar S, Wilt T, Staffurth J, Coles B, Mason MD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials of neo-adjuvant hormone therapy for localised and locally advanced prostate carcinoma. Cancer Treat Rev 2009;35:9-17.
5. Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Rutks I, Shamliyan TA, Taylor BC, Kane RL: Systematic review: comparative effectiveness and harms of treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148:435-448.
6. Kumar S, Shelley M, Harrison C, Coles B, Wilt TJ, Mason MD: Neo-adjuvant and adjuvant hormone therapy for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006 Oct 18;4: CD006019.
7. Messing EM, Manola J, Yao J, Kiernan M, Crawford D, Wilding G, di'SantAgnese PA, Trump D; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study EST 3886: Immediate versus deferred androgen deprivation treatment in patients with node-positive prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Lancet Oncol 2006;7:472-479.
8. Norman G, Dean ME, Langley RE, Hodges ZC, Ritchie G, Parmar MK, Sydes R, Abel P, Eastwood AJ: Parenteral oestrogen in the treatment of prostate cancer: a systematic review Br J Cancer 2008;98:697-707.
9. Iversen P, Roder MA: The Early Prostate Cancer program: bicalutamide in nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2008;8:361-369.
10. Lee AK: Radiation therapy combined with hormone therapy for prostate cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol 2006;16:20-22.
11. Petrylak DP, Tangen CM, Hussain MH, Lara PN Jr, Jones JA, Taplin ME, Burch PA, Berry D, Moinpour C, Kohli M, Benson MC, Small EJ, Raghavan D, Crawford ED: Docetaxel and estramus-tine compared with mitoxantrone and prednisone for advanced refractory prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1513-1520.
12. Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, Horti J, Pluzanska A, Chi KN, Oudard S, Théodore C, James ND, Turesson I, Rosenthal MA, Eisenberger MA; TAX 327 Investigators: Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1502-1512.
13. Basch EM, Somerfield MR, Beer TM, Carducci MA, Higano CS, Hussain MH, Scher HI; American Society of Clinical Oncology: American Society of Clinical Oncology endorsement of the Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guideline on nonhormonal therapy for men with metastatic hormone-refractory (castration-resistant) prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2007;25:5313-5318.
14. Rosenthal SA, Bae K, Pienta KJ, Sobczak ML, Asbell SO, Rajan R, Kerlin KJ, Michalski JM, Sandler HM: Phase III multi-institutional trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel, estramustine, and oral etoposide combined with long-term androgen suppression therapy and radiotherapy versus longterm nndrogen suppression plus radiotherapy alone for high-risk prostate cancer: preliminary toxicity analysis of RTOG 99-02. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;73:672-678.
15. Dreicer R, Magi-Galluzzi C, Zhou M, Rothaermel J, Reuther A, Ulchaker J, Zippe C, Fergany A, Klein EA: Phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxel before radical prostatectomy for locally advanced prostate cancer. Urology 2004;63:1138-1142.
16. Beer TM, Garzotto M, Lowe BA, Ellis WJ, Montalto MA, Lange PH, Higano CS: Phase I study of weekly mitoxantrone and docetaxel before prostatectomy in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:1306-1311.
17. Febbo PG, Richie JP, George DJ, Loda M, Manola J, Shankar S, Barnes AS, Tempany C, Catalona W, Kantoff PW, Oh WK: Neoadjuvant docetaxel before radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:5233-5240.
18. Sella A, Zisman A, Kovel S, Yarom N, Leibovici D, Lindner A: Neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy in poor prognosis localized prostate cancer. Urol 2008;71:323-327.
19. Schmidt J, Gibbons R, Murphy G: Adjuvant therapy for clinical localized prostate cancer treated with surgery or irradiation. Eur Urol 1996;29:425-433.
20. Flaig TW, Tangen CM, Hussain MH, Stadler WM, Raghavan D, Crawford ED, Glodé LM; Southwest Oncology Group: Randomization reveals unexpected acute leukemias in Southwest Oncology Group prostate cancer trial. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:1532-1536.
21. Kibel AS, Rosenbaum E, Kattan MW, Picus J, Dreicer R, Klein EA, Chatta GS, Nelson JB, Di-Paola RS, Roth BJ, Cookson MS, Wilding G, Jarrard DF, Beer TM, Ryan CW, Petrylak DP, Benson MC, Partin AW, Garrett-Mayer E, Eisenberger MA: Adjuvant weekly docetaxel for patients with high risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy: a multi-institutional pilot study. J Urol 2007;177:1777-1781.
22. Bolla M, Collette L, Blank L, Warde P, Dubois JB, Mirimanoff RO, Storme G, Bernier J, Kuten A, Sternberg C, Mattelaer J, Lopez Torecilla J, Pfeffer JR, Lino Cutajar C, Zurlo A, Pierart M: Longterm results with immediate androgen suppression and external irradiation in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (an EORTC study): a phase III randomised trial. Lancet 2002;360:103-106.
23. Crook J, Ludgate C, Malone S, Perry G, Eapen L, Bowen J, Robertson S, Lockwood G: Final report of multicenter Canadian Phase III randomized trial of 3 versus 8 months of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy before conventional-dose radiotherapy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009;73:327-333.
24. D'Amico AV, Manola J, Loffredo M, Renshaw AA, DellaCroce A, Kantoff PW: 6-month androgen suppression plus radiation therapy vs. radiation therapy alone for patients with clinically localized prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;292:821-827.
25. Denham JW, Steigler A, Lamb DS, Joseph D, Mameghan H, Turner S, Matthews J, Franklin I, Atkinson C, North J, Poulsen M, Christie D, Spry NA, Tai KH, Wynne C, Duchesne G, Kovacev O, D'Este C; Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group: Short-term androgen deprivation and radiotherapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: results from the Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group 96.01 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 2005;11:841-850.
26. Granfors RT, Modig H, Damber JE, Tomic R: Long-term follow up of a randomized study of locally advanced prostate cancer treated with combined orchiectomy and external radiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone. J Urol 2006;176:544-547.
27. Hanks GE, Pajak TF, Porter A, Grignon D, Brereton H, Venkatesan V, Horwitz EM, Lawton C, Rosenthal SA, Sandler HM, Shipley WU; Radiation Therapy Oncology Group: Phase III trial of long-term adjuvant androgen deprivation after neoadjuvant hormonal cytoreduction and radiotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate: the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Protocol 92-02. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:3972-3978.
28. Lavardiere J, Gomez JL, Cusan L, Suburu ER, Diamond P, Lemay M, Candas B, Fortin A, Labrie F: Beneficial effect of combination hormonal therapy administered prior and following external beam radiation therapy in localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1997;7:247-252.
29. Laverdiere J, Nabid A, De Bedoya LD, Ebacher A, Fortin A, Wang CS, Harel F: The efficacy and sequencing of a short course of androgen suppression on freedom from biochemical failure when administered with radiation therapy for T2-T3 prostate cancer. J Urol 2004;171:1137-1140.
30. Pilepich MV, Winter K, John MJ, Mesic JB, Sause W, Rubin P, Lawton C, Machtay M, Grignon D: Phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) trial 86-10 of androgen deprivation adjuvant to definitive radiotherapy in locally advanced carcinoma of the prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001;50:1243-1252.
31. Pilepich MV, Winter K, Lawton CA, Krisch RE, Wolkov HB, Movsas B, Hug EB, Asbell SO, Grignon D: Androgen suppression adjuvant to definitive radiotherapy in prostate carcinoma: long-term results of phase III RTOG 85-31. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005;61:1285-1290.
32. Roach M III, DeSilvio M, Lawton C, Uhl V, Machtay M, Seider MJ, Rotman M, Jones C, Asbell SO, Valicenti RK, Han S, Thomas CR Jr, Shipley WS; Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9413: A phase III trial comparing whole pelvic versus prostate only radiotherapy and neoadjuvant concurrent versus adjuvant combined androgen suppression: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9413. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:1904-1911.
33. Roach M III, Lu J, Pilepich MV, Asbell SO, Mohiuddin M, Terry R, Grignon D, Lawton C, Shipley W, Cox J: Predicting long term-survival, and the need for hormonal therapy: a meta-analysis of RTOG prostate cancer trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000;47:617-627.
34. Swanson GP, Faulkner J, Smalley SR, Noble MJ, Stephens RL, O'Rourke TJ, Weiss GR, Quick DP, Thompson IM Jr, Crawford ED: Locally advanced prostate cancer treated with concomitant radiation and 5-fluorouracil: Southwest Oncology Group Study 9024. J Urol 2006;176:548-553.
35. Patel AR, Sandler HM, Pienta KJ: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0521: a phase III randomized trial of androgen suppression and radiation therapy versus androgen suppression and radiation therapy followed by chemotherapy with docetaxel/prednisone for localized, high-risk prostate cancer. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2005;4:212-214.
36. Bolla M, van Poppel H, Collette L, van Cangh P, Vekemans K, Da Pozzo L, de Reijke TM, Verbaeys A, Bosset JF, van Velthoven R, Maréchal JM, Scalliet P, Haustermans K, Piérart M; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer: Postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy: a randomised controlled trial (EORTC trial 22911). Lancet 2005;366:572-578.
37. Thompson IM Jr, Tangen CM, Paradelo J, Lucia MS, Miller G, Troyer D, Messing E, Forman J, Chin J, Swanson G, Canby-Hagino E, Crawford ED: Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathologically advanced prostate cancer: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2006;296:2329-2335.
38. Wiegel T, Bottke D, Willich N: Phase III results of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) versus 'wait and see' (WS) in patients with pT3 prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy (RP) (ARO96-02/AUO AP 09/95). J Clin Oncol 2005;23:381(abstr 4513).
39. Yokomizo A, Kawamoto H, Nihei K, Ishizuka N, Kakehi Y, Tobisu K, Naito S; Japan Clinical Oncology Group: Randomized controlled trial to evaluate radiotherapy +/- endocrine therapy versus endocrine therapy alone for PSA failure after radical prostatectomy: Japan Clinical Oncology Group Study JCOG 0401. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2005;35:34-36.
40. Koukourakis MI, Touloupidis S: External beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer: current position and trends. Anticancer Res 2006;26:485-494.
41. Tetzalaff BS, Teh BS, Timme TL, Fujita T, Satoh T, Tabata K, Mai WY, Vlachaki MT, Amato RJ, Kadmon D, Miles BJ, Ayala G, Wheeler TM, Aguilar-Cordova E, Thompson TC, Butler EB: Expanding the therapeutic index of radiation therapy by combining in situ gene therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2006; 5:23-36.
42. Lechleider RJ, Arlen PM, Tsang KY, Steinberg SM, Yokokawa J, Cereda V, Camphausen K, Schlom J, Dahut WL, Gulley JL: Safety and immunologic response of a viral vaccine to prostate-specific antigen in combination with radiation therapy when metronomic-dose interleukin 2 is used as an adjuvant. Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:5284-5291.
43. Rini BI, Weinberg V, Bok R, Small EJ: Prostatespecific antigen kinetics as a measure of the biological effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with serologic progression of prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:99-105.
44. Vuky J, Porter C, Isacson C: Phase II trial of neoadjuvant docetaxel and gefitinib followed by radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk, locally advanced prostate cancer. Multidisciplinary Prostate Cancer Symposium, San Francisco, CA, February 24-26,2006, abstract.
45. George DJ, Halabi S, Shepard TF, Vogelzang NJ, Hayes DF, Small EJ, Kantoff PW; Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9480: Prognostic significance of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer treated on Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9480. Clin Cancer Res 2001;7:1932-1936.