Partitioning of functional diversity reveals the scale and extent of trait convergence and divergence

Journal of Vegetation Science

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 475-486

  Bello, Francesco ^a,b   Thuiller, Wilfried ^a   Leps, Jan ^c,d   Choler, Philippe ^a   Clement, Jean Christophe ^a   Macek, Petr ^a,c   Sebastia, Maria Teresa ^b   Lavorel, Sandra ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ JOSEPH FOURIER   (France)

^b University of South Bohemia ^*

^c INSTITUTE OF ENTOMOLOGY   (Czech Republic)

^d INSTITUTE OF BOTANY   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

Alpha and beta diversity; Assembly rules; Biotic and abiotic filtering; Limiting similarity; Niche complementarity; Redundancy

Indexed keywords

ALGORITHM; CLIMATE CONDITIONS; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; DIVERGENCE; NICHE; PLANT COMMUNITY; SPECIES DIVERSITY; VEGETATION TYPE;

EURASIA; EUROPE; SOUTHERN EUROPE; SPAIN;

EID: 67650064568     PISSN: 11009233     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2009.01042.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Bertiller, M.B., Mazzarino, M.J., Carrera, A.L., Diehl, P., Satti, P., Gobbi, M. & Sain, C.L. 2006. Leaf strategies and soil N across a regional humidity gradient in Patagonia. Oecologia 148: 612-624.
2. Bolòs, O., Vigo, J., Masalles, R.M. & Ninot, J.M. 1993. Flora Manual Dels Paisos Catalans, 2nd edn. Portic, Barcelona, ES.
3. Botta-Dukat, Z. 2005. Rao's quadratic entropy as a measure of functional diversity based on multiple traits. Journal of Vegetation Science 16: 533-540.
4. Chesson, P., Gebauer, R.L.E., Schwinning, S., Huntly, N., Wiegand, K., Ernest, M.S.K., Sher, A., Novoplansky, A. & Weltzin, J.F. 2004. Resource pulses, species interactions, and diversity maintenance in arid and semi-arid environments. Oecologia 141: 236-253.
5. Cornwell, W.K., Schwilk, D.W. & Ackerly, D.D. 2006. A trait-based test for habitat filtering: convex hull volume. Ecology 87: 1465-1471.
6. de Bello, F., Leps, J. & Sebastia, M.T. 2006. Variations in species and functional plant diversity along climatic and grazing gradients. Ecography 29: 801-810.
7. de Bello, F., Lepš, J., Lavorel, S. & Moretti, M. 2007a. Importance of species abundance for assessment of trait composition: an example based on pollinator communities. Community Ecology 8: 163-170.
8. de Bello, F., Lepš, J. & Sebastia, M.T. 2007b. Grazing effects on the species-area relationship: variation along a climatic gradient in NE Spain. Journal of Vegetation Science 18: 25-34.
9. Diaz, S. & Cabido, M. 2001. Vive la difference: plant functional diversity matters to ecosystem processes. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 16: 646-655.
10. Diaz, S., Cabido, M. & Casanoves, F. 1998. Plant functional traits and environmental filters at a regional scale. Journal of Vegetation Science 9: 113-122.
11. Diaz, S., Hodgson, J.G., Thompson, K., Cabido, M., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Jalili, A., Montserrat-Marti, G., Grime, J.P., Zarrinkamar, F., Asri, Y., Band, S.R., Basconcelo, S., Castro-Diez, P., Funes, G., Hamzehee, B., Khoshnevi, M., Perez-Harguindeguy, N., Perez- Rontome, M.C., Shirvany, F.A., Vendramini, F., Yazdani, S., Abbas-Azimi, R., Bogaard, A., Boustani, S., Charles, M., Dehghan, M., de Torres-Espuny, L., Falczuk, V., Guerrero-Campo, J., Hynd, A., Jones, G., Kowsary, E., Kazemi-Saeed, F., Maestro-Martinez, M., Romo-Diez, A., Shaw, S., Siavash, B., Villar-Salvador, P. & Zak, M.R. 2004. The plant traits that drive ecosystems: evidence from three continents. Journal of Vegetation Science 15: 295-304.
12. Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., de Bello, F., Quetier, F., Grigulis, K. & Robson, T.M. 2007. Incorporating plant functional diversity effects in ecosystem service assessments. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104: 20684-20689.
13. Fonseca, C.R., Overton, J.M., Collins, B. & Westoby, M. 2000. Shifts in trait-combinations along rainfall and phosphorus gradients. Journal of Ecology 88: 964-977.
14. Fukami, T., Bezemer, T.M., Mortimer, S.R. & van der Putten, W.H. 2005. Species divergence and trait convergence in experimental plant community assembly. Ecology Letters 8: 1283-1290.
15. Gamier, E., Cortez, J., Billes, G., Navas, M.L., Roumet, C, Debussche, M., Laurent, G., Blanchard, A., Aubry, D., Bellmann, A., Neill, C. & Toussaint, J.P. 2004. Plant functional markers capture ecosystem properties during secondary succession. Ecology 85: 2630-2637.
16. Gamier, E., Lavorel, S., Ansquer, P., Castro, H., Cruz, P., Dolezal, J., Eriksson, O., Fortunel, C, Freitas, H., Golodets, C, Grigulis, K., Jouany, C, Kazakou, E., Kigel, J., Kleyer, M., Lehsten, V., Leps, J., Meier, T., Pakeman, R., Papadimitriou, M., Papanastasis, V.P., Quested, H.M., Quetier, F., Robson, T.M., Roumet, C, Rusch, G.M., Skarpe, C, Sternberg, M., Theau, J.P., Thebault, A., Vile, D. & Zarovali, M.P. 2007. Assessing the effects of land-use change on plant traits, community and ecosystem functioning in grasslands: a standardized methodology and lessons from an application to 11 European sites. Annals of Botany 99: 967-985.
17. Grime, J.P. 2006. Trait convergence and trait divergence in herbaceous plant communities: mechanisms and consequences. Journal of Vegetation Science 17: 255- 260.
18. Hardy, O.J. & Senterre, B. 2007. Characterizing the phylogenetic structure of communities by an additive partitioning of phylogenetic diversity. Journal of Ecology 95: 493-506.
19. Hooper, D.U., Chapin, F.S., Ewel, J.J., Hector, A., Inchausti, P., Lavorel, S., Lawton, J.H., Lodge, D.M., Loreau, M., Naeem, S., Schmid, B., Setala, H., Symstad, A.J., Vandermeer, J. & Wardle, D.A. 2005. Effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning: a consensus of current knowledge. Ecological Monographs 75: 3-35.
20. Jost, L. 2007. Partitioning diversity into independent alpha and beta components. Ecology 88: 2427-2439.
21. Lande, R. 1996. Statistics and partitioning of species diversity, and similarity among multiple communities. Oikosl6: 5-13.
22. Lavorel, S., Grigulis, K., Mclntyre, S., Garden, D., Williams, N., Dorrough, J., Berman, S., Quétier, F., Thébault, A. & Bonis, A. 2008. Assessing functional diversity in the field - methodology matters!. Functional Ecology 22: 134-147.
23. Lepš, J., de Bello, F., Lavorel, S. & Berman, S. 2006. Quantifying and interpreting functional diversity of natural communities: practical considerations matter. PreslialS: 481-501.
24. Loreau, M. 2000. Are communities saturated? On the relationship between alpha, beta and gamma diversity. Ecology Letters 3: 73-76.
25. MacArthur, R. & Levins, R. 1967. The limiting similarity, convergence, and divergence of coexisting species. The American Naturalist 101: 377-385.
26. Magurran, A.E. 2004. Measuring biological diversity. Blackwell, Oxford.
27. Mason, N.W.H., MacGillivray, K., Steel, J.B. & Wilson, J.B. 2003. An index of functional diversity. Journal of Vegetation Science 14: 571-578.
28. Mason, N.W.H., Mouillot, D., Lee, W.G. & Wilson, J.B. 2005. Functional richness, functional evenness and functional divergence: the primary components of functional diversity. Oikos 111:112-118.
29. Mason, N.W.H., Lanoiselee, C, Mouillot, D., Irz, P. & Argillier, C. 2007. Functional characters combined with null models reveal inconsistency in mechanisms of species turnover in lacustrine fish communities. Oecologia 153:451-452.
30. Mclntyre, S., Lavorel, S., Landsberg, J. & Forbes, T.D.A. 1999. Disturbance response in vegetation: towards a global perspective on functional traits. Journal of Vegetation Science 10: 621-630.
31. Miklos, I. & Podani, J. 2004. Randomization of presence- absence matrices: comments and new algorithms. Ecology 85: 86-92.
32. Mouillot, D., Stubbs, W.J., Faure, M., Dumay, O., Tomasini, J.A., Wilson, J.B. & Do Chi, T. 2005.
33. Niche overlap estimates based on quantitative functional traits: a new family of non-parametric indices. Oecologia 145: 345-353.
34. Mouillot, D., Dumay, O. & Tomasini, J.A. 2007. Limiting similarity, niche filtering and functional diversity in coastal lagoon fish communities. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 71: 443-456.
35. Pavoine, S. & Dolédec, S. 2005. The apportionment of quadratic entropy: a useful alternative for partitioning diversity in ecological data. Environmental and Ecological Statistics 12: 125-138.
36. Pavoine, S., Oilier, S. & Pontier, D. 2004. Measuring, diversity from dissimilarities with Rao's quadratic entropy: are any dissimilarities suitable? Theoretical Population Biology 67: 231-239.
37. Petchey, O.L. & Gaston, K.J. 2002. Functional diversity (FD), species richness and community composition. Ecology Letters 5: 402-411.
38. Petchey, O.L. & Gaston, K.J. 2006. Functional diversity:back to basics and looking forward. Ecology Letters 9:741-758.
39. Petchey, O.L., Evans, K.L., Fishburn, I.S. & Gaston, K.J. 2007. Low functional diversity and no redundancy in British avian assemblages. Journal of Animal Ecology 76: 977-985.
40. Pierce, G.J., Luzzaro, A., Caccianiga, M., Ceriani, R.M. & Cerabolini, B. 2007. Disturbance is the principal alpha-scale filter determining niche differentiation, coexistence and biodiversity in an alpine community. Journal of Ecology 95: 698-706.
41. Pillar, V.D., Duarte, L.S., Sosinski, E.E. & Fernando, J. 2009. Discriminating trait-convergence and trait- divergence assembly patterns in ecological community gradients. Journal of Vegetation Science 20: 334-348.
42. Rao, C.R. 1982. Diversity and dissimilarity coefficients - a unified approach. Theoretical Population Biology 21: 24-43.
43. R Development Core Team 2007. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. ISBN 3-900051- 07-0. Available from http://www.R-project. org.
44. Ricotta, C. 2005. A note on functional diversity measures. Basic and Applied Ecology 6: 479-486.
45. Ricotta, C. & Marignani, M. 2007. Computing beta- diversity with Rao's quadratic entropy: a change of perspective. Diversity and Distributions 13: 237-241.
46. Stubbs, W.J. & Wilson, J.B. 2004. Evidence for limiting similarity in a sand dune community. Journal of Ecology 92: 557-567.
47. Thompson, K., Hillier, S.H., Grime, J.P., Bossard, C.C. & Band, S.R. 1996. A functional analysis of a limestone grassland community. Journal of Vegetation Science 7: 371-380.
48. Tilman, D. 2001. Functional diversity. In: Levin, S.A. (ed.) Encyclopedia of biodiversity. Academic Press, San Diego.
49. Veech, J.A., Summerville, K.S., Crist, T.O. & Gering, J.C. 2002. The additive partitioning of species diversity: recent revival of an old idea. Oikos 99: 3-9.
50. Weiher, E. & Keddy, P. 1995. Assembly rules, null models, and trait dispersion: new questions from old patterns. OikoslA: 159-164.
51. Westoby, M., Falster, D.S., Moles, A.T., Vesk, P.A. & Wright, I.J. 2002. Plant ecological strategies: some leading dimensions of variation between species. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33: 125- 159.
52. Whittaker, R.J. (1975). Communities and ecosystems. Macmillan, New York.
53. Wilson, J.B. 2007. Trait-divergence assembly rules have been demonstrated: limiting similarity lives! A reply to Grime. Journal of Vegetation Science 18:451-452.
54. Wright, I.J., Reich, P.B., Westoby, M., Ackerly, D.D., Baruch, Z., Bongers, F., Cavender-Bares, J., Chapin, T., Cornelissen, J.H.C., Diemer, M., Flexas, J., Gamier, E., Groom, P.K., Gulias, J., Hikosaka, K., Lamont, B.B., Lee, T., Lee, W., Lusk, C, Midgley, J.J., Navas, M.L., Niinemets, U., Oleksyn, J., Osada, N., Poorter, H., Poot, P., Prior, L., Pyankov, V.I., Roumet, C., Thomas, S.C., Tjoelker, M.G., Veneklaas, E.J. & Villar, R. 2004. The worldwide leaf economics spectrum. Nature 428: 821-827.