Management of ecological thresholds to re-establish disturbance-maintained herbaceous wetlands of the south-eastern USA

Journal of Applied Ecology

Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 906-914

  Martin, Katherine L ^a,b,c   Katherine Kirkman, L ^c  

^a OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA   (United States)

^c JOSEPH W JONES ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Adaptive management; Alternative community state; Coastal plain; Depression wetland; Ecological threshold; Fire; Hardwood removal; Longleaf pine ecosystem; Restoration; Seed bank

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; COASTAL PLAIN; CONIFEROUS TREE; ENVIRONMENTAL DISTURBANCE; FOREST FIRE; LAND USE CHANGE; MANAGEMENT PRACTICE; PRESCRIBED BURNING; REINTRODUCTION; RESTORATION ECOLOGY; SEED BANK; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SPECIES RICHNESS; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; WETLAND;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

ARISTIDA STRICTA; PINUS PALUSTRIS;

EID: 67649982762     PISSN: 00218901     EISSN: 13652664     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01659.x     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Asbjornsen, H., Brudvig, L.A., Mabry, C.M., Evans, C.W. Karnitz, H.M. (2005) Defining reference information for restoring ecologically rare tallgrass oak savannas in the Midwestern United States. Journal of Forestry, 103, 345 350.
2. Beisner, B.E., Haydon, D.T. Cuddington, K. (2003) Alternative stable states in ecology. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 1, 376 382.
3. Bennett, E.M., Cumming, G.S. Peterson, G.D. (2005) A systems model approach to determining resilience surrogates for case studies. Ecosystems, 8, 1 14.
4. Bridges, E.L. Orzell, S.L. (1989) Longleaf pine communities of the west Gulf Coastal Plain. Natural Areas Journal, 9, 246 263.
5. Brockway, D.G. Outcalt, K.W. (2000) Restoring longleaf pine wiregrass ecosystems: hexazione application enhances effects of prescribed fire. Forest Ecology and Management, 137, 121 138.
6. Choi, Y.D. (2004) Theories for ecological restoration in changing environments: toward 'futuristic' restoration. Ecological Research, 19, 75 81.
7. Choi, Y.D. (2007) Restoration ecology to the future: a call for a new paradigm. Restoration Ecology, 15, 351 353.
8. Clewell, A.F. (1989) Natural history of wiregrass (Aristida stricta Michx., Gramineae). Natural Areas Journal, 9, 223 233.
9. Cohen, S., Braham, R. Sanchez, F. (2004) Seed bank viability in disturbed longleaf pine sites. Restoration Ecology, 12, 503 515.
10. DeSteven, D. Toner, M.M. (2004) Vegetation of upper coastal plain depression wetlands: environmental templates and wetland dynamics within a landscape framework. Wetlands, 24, 23 42.
11. DeSteven, D., Shartiz, R.R., Singer, J.H. Barton, C.D. (2006) Testing a passive revegetation approach for restoring coastal plain depression wetlands. Restoration Ecology, 14, 452 460.
12. Drew, M.B., Kirkman, L.K. Gholson, A.K., Jr (1998) The vascular flora of Ichauway, Baker County, Georgia: a remnant longleaf pine/wiregrass ecosystem. Castanea, 63, 1 24.
13. Freckmann, R.W. Lelong, M.C. (1993) Dichanthelium. The Flora of North America (ed. Flora of North America Editorial Committee pp. 406 450. Oxford University Press, New York.
14. Glitzenstein, J.S., Platt, W.J. Streng, D.R. (1995) Effects of fire regime and habitat on tree dynamics in north Florida longleaf pine savannas. Ecological Monographs, 65, 441 476.
15. Goebel, P.C., Palik, B.J., Kirkman, L.K. West, L. (1997) Field Guide: Landscape Ecosystem Types of Ichauway. Technical Report No. 97-1, Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center at Ichauway, Newton, GA.
16. Goolsby, D. (2006) Patterns of landuse and succession in a longleaf pine forest. MS Thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
17. Groffman, P.M., Baron, J.S., Blett, T., Gold, A.J., Goodman, I., Gunderson, L.H., Levinson, B.M., Palmer, M.A., Paerl, H.W., Peterson, G.D., Poff, N.L., Rejeski, D.W., Reynolds, J.F., Turner., M.G., Weathers, K.C. Weins, J. (2006) Ecological thresholds: the key to successful environmental management or an important concept with no practical application? Ecosystems, 9, 1 13.
18. Guerin, D.N. (1993) Oak dome clonal structure and fire ecology in a Florida longleaf pine dominated community. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 120, 107 114.
19. Harrington, T.B. Edwards, M.B. (1999) Understory vegetation, resources availability, and litterfall responses to pine thinning and woody vegetation control in longleaf pine plantations. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 29, 1055 1064.
20. Hiers, J.K., O'Brien, J.J., Will, R.E. Mitchell, R.J. (2007) Forest floor depth mediates understory vigor in xeric Pinus palustris ecosystems. Ecological Applications, 17, 806 814.
21. Hinman, S.E. Brewer, J.S. (2007) Responses of two frequently-burned wet pine savannas to an extended period without fire. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 134, 512 526.
22. Hobbs, R.J. (2007) Setting effective and realistic restoration goals: key directions for research. Restoration Ecology, 15, 354 357.
23. Holling, C.S. (1973) Resilience and stability in ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1 25.
24. Jacqmain, E.I., Jones, R.H. Mitchell, R.J. (1999) Influences of frequent cool-season burning across a soil moisture gradient on oak community structure in longleaf pine ecosystems. American Midland Naturalist, 141, 85 100.
25. Kane, J.M., Varner, J.M. Hiers, J.K. (2008) The burning characteristics of southeastern oaks: discriminating fire facillitators from fire impeders. Forest Ecology and Management, 256, 2039 2045.
26. Kenward, M.G. Roger, J.H. (1997) Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics, 53, 983 997.
27. Kirkman, L.K. Sharitz, R.R. (1994) Vegetation disturbance and maintenance of diversity in intermittently flooded Carolina bays in South Carolina. Ecological Applications, 4, 177 188.
28. Kirkman, L.K., Drew, M.B., West, L.T. Blood, E.R. (1998) Ecotone characterization between upland longleaf pine/wiregrass stands and seasonally-ponded isolated wetlands. Wetlands, 18, 346 364.
29. Kirkman, L.K., Goebel, P.C., West, L., Drew, M.B. Palik, B.J. (2000) Depression wetland ecosystem development. Wetlands, 20, 373 385.
30. Kirkman, L.K., Coffey, K.L., Mitchell, R.J. Moser, E.B. (2004a) Ground cover recovery patterns and life-history traits: implications for restoration obstacles and opportunities in a species-rich savanna. Journal of Ecology, 92, 409 421.
31. Kirkman, L.K., Goebel, P.C., Palik, B.J. West, L.T. (2004b) Predicting plant species diversity in a long leaf pine landscape. Ecoscience, 11, 80 93.
32. Kirkman, L.K., Mitchell, R.J., Kaeser, M.J., Pecot, S.D. Coffey, K.L. (2007) The perpetual forest: utilizing undesirable species as a bridge for restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology, 44, 604 614.
33. Kruskal, J.B. (1964) Nonmentric multidimensional scaling: a numerical method. Psychometrika, 29, 115 129.
34. Laughlin, D.C., Bakker, J.D., Daniels, M.D., Moore, M.M., Casey, C.A. Springer, J.D. (2008) Restoring plant species diversity and community composition in a ponderosa pine-bunchgrass ecosystem. Plant Ecology, 197, 139 151.
35. Lemon, P.C. (1949) Successional responses of herbs in the longleaf-slash pine forest after fire. Ecology, 30, 135 145.
36. Littell, R.C., Milliken, G.A., Stroup, W.W. Wolfinger, R.D. (1996) sas System for Mixed Models. SAS Institute, Cary, NC.
37. Maliakal, S.K., Menges, E.S. Denslow, J.S. (2000) Community composition and regeneration of Lake Wales Ridge wiregrass flatwoods in relation to time-since-fire. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 127, 125 138.
38. Martin, K.L. (2006) Restoration of Fire Dependent Wetlands. MS Thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
39. Mayer, A.L. Rietkerk, M. (2004) The dynamic regime concept for ecosystem management and restoration. BioScience, 54, 1013 1020.
40. McCune, B. Grace, J.B. (2002) Analysis of Ecological Communities. MJM Software Design, Gleneden Beach, OR.
41. McNab, W.H. Avers, P.E. (1994) Ecological Subregions of the United States: Section Descriptions. Administrative Publication WO-WSA-5. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, DC.
42. Menges, E.S., Abrahamson, W.G., Givens, K.T., Gallo, N.P. Layne, J.N. (1993) Twenty years of vegetation change in 5 long-unburned Florida plant communities. Journal of Vegetation Science, 4, 375 386.
43. Mulhouse, J.M., De Steven, D., Lide, R.F. Shartiz, R.R. (2005) Effects of dominant species on vegetation change in Carolina bay wetlands following a multi-year drought. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society, 132, 411 420.
44. NatureServe (2007) NatureServe Explorer: An Online Encyclopedia of Life [web application] Version 6·2. NatureServe, Arlington, VA. Available at: http://www.natureserve.org/explorer (accessed 17 December 2007).
45. Nowacki, G.J. Abrams, M.D. (2008) The demise of fire and "mesophication" of forests in the eastern United States. BioScience, 58, 123 138.
46. Peet, R.K. Allard, D.J. (1993) Longleaf pine-dominated vegetation of the southern Atlantic and eastern Gulf Coast region, USA. Proceedings of the Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference, No. 18 (ed. S. Hermann pp. 45 82. Tall Timbers Research Station, Talahassee, FL.
47. Peterson, G.D. (2002a) Forest dynamics in the southeastern US: managing multiple stable states. Resilience and the Behaviour of Large Scale Systems (eds L.H. Gunperson L. Pritchard pp. 227 246. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA.
48. Peterson, G.D. (2002b) Estimating resilience across landscapes. Conservation Ecology, 6, 17.
49. Platt, W.J. Schwartz, M.W. (1990) Temperate hardwood forests. Ecosystems of Florida (eds R.L. Myers J.J. Ewel pp. 194 229. University of Central Florida Press, Orlando, FL.
50. Platt, W.J., Glitzenstein, J.S. Streng, D.R. (1991) Evaluating pyrogenicity and its effects on vegetation in longleaf pine savannas. Proceedings of the Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference, No. 17 (ed. S. Hermann pp. 143 161. Tall Timbers Research Station, Talahassee, FL.
51. Poiani, K.A. Johnson, W.C. (1988) Evaluation of the emergence method in estimating seed bank composition of prairie wetlands. Aquatic Botany, 32, 91 97.
52. Provencher, L., Herring, B.J., Gordon, D.R., Rodgers, H.L., Galley, K.E.M., Tanner, G.W., Hardesty, J.L. Breannan, L.A. (2001) Effects of hardwood reduction techniques on longleaf pine sandhill vegetation in northwest Florida. Restoration Ecology, 9, 13 27.
53. Quinn, G.P. Keough, M.J. (2002) Experimental Design and Analysis for Biologists. Cambridge University Press, New York.
54. Schabenberger, O. Pierce, F.J. (2002) Contemporary Statistical Models for the Plant and Soil Sciences. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
55. Semlitsch, R.D. Bodie, J.R. (1998) Are small, isolated wetlands expendable? Conservation Biology, 12, 1129 1133.
56. Sharitz, R.R. (2003) Carolina bay wetlands: unique habitats of the southeastern United States. Wetlands, 23, 550 562.
57. Singer, J.H. (2001) Effects of overstory removal and fire on wetland vegetation and recruitment from the seed bank in a hyrologically restored Carolina bay wetland. MS Thesis, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
58. Suding, K.N., Gross, K.L. Houseman, G.R. (2004) Alternative states and feedbacks in restoration ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 19, 46 53.
59. Sun, G., McNulty, S.G., Shepard, J.P., Amatya, D.M., Riekerk, H., Comerford, N.B., Skaggs, W. Swift, L. (2001) Effects of timber management on the hydrology of wetland forests in the southern United States. Forest Ecology and Management, 143, 227 236.
60. Sutter, R.D. Kral, R. (1994) The ecology, status, and conservation of two non-alluvial wetland communities in the south Atlantic and eastern Gulf coastal plain, USA. Biological Conservation, 68, 235 243.
61. USDA, NRCS 2006) The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 18 October 2006). National Plant Data Centre, Baton Rouge, LA.
62. Walker, J. Peet, R.K. (1983) Composition and species diversity of pine-wiregrass savannas of the Green Swamp, North Carolina. Vegetatio, 55, 163 179.
63. Wright, S.P. (1998) Multivariate Analysis Using the MIXED Procedure. Paper 229 in Proceedings of the Twenty-third Annual sas Users Group International Conference. SAS Institute, Cary, NC (http://www2.sas.com/ proceedings/sugi23/Stats/p229.pdf).
64. Wunderlin, R.P. Hansen, B.F. (2003) Guide to the Vascular Plants of Florida. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL.