Site preference of U and Th in cl, f, and sr apatites

American Mineralogist

Volumn 94, Issue 2-3, 2009, Pages 345-351

  Luo, Yun ^a   Hughes, John M ^a,b   Rakovan, John ^a   Pan, Yuanming ^c  

^a MIAMI UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Apatite; Single crystal xrd; Thorium; Uranium; Uranium xanes in apatite

Indexed keywords

APATITE; CALCIUM; CHLORINE; GEOMETRY; SINGLE CRYSTALS; STRONTIUM; THORIUM; URANIUM;

CHLORAPATITES; SINGLE CRYSTAL X-RAY DIFFRACTION; SINGLE CRYSTAL XRD; SITE OCCUPANCY; SITE PREFERENCES; STRUCTURE REFINEMENTS; XANES; XANES MEASUREMENTS;

THORIUM METALLOGRAPHY;

APATITE; CHLORAPATITE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; MELT; SITE SELECTION; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 67649946103     PISSN: 0003004X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2138/am.2009.3026     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Altschuler, Z. S., Clarke Jr., R. S., and Young, E. J. (1958) Geochemistry of uranium in apatite and phosphorite. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 314-D, 45-90.
2. Baumer, A., Caruba, R., Bizouard, H., and Peckett, A. (1983) Synthetic chlorapatite: Substitution and inclusion of trace quantities of manganese, cerium, uranium and thorium. Canadian Mineralogist, 21, 567-573.
3. Bertsch, P. M., Bajt, S., Hunter, D. B., Rivers, M. L., and Sutton, S. R. (1994) In situ chemical speciation of uranium in soils and sediments by micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Environmental Science and Technology, 28, 980-984.
4. Bostick, W. D., Jarabek, R. J., Bostick, D. A., and Conca, J. L. (1999) Phosphateinduced met al. stabilization: use of apatite and bone char for the removal of soluble radionuclides in authentic and simulated DOE groundwater. Advances in Environmental Research, 3, 488-498.
5. Bruker (1997) SADABS, SAINT, SMART, and SHELXTL. Bruker AXS Inc., Madison, Wisconsin.
6. Carpena, J. and Lacout, J. L. (1998) Process for the conditioning of radioactive waste using phosphosilicated apatites as the confinement matrix. U. S. Patent 5771472. U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, Alexandria, Virginia.
7. Carpena, J., Boyer, L., and Lacout, J. L. (2003) Method to confine plutonium in apatitic ceramics and products obtained using said process. U. S. Patent 6624339. U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, Alexandria, Virginia.
8. Chen, X., Wright, J., Conca, J. L., and Peurrung, L. M. (1997a) Effects of pH on heavy met al. sorption on mineral apatite. Environmental Science and Technology, 31, 624-631.
9. - (1997b) Evaluation of heavy met al. remediation using mineral apatite. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 98, 57-78.
10. Clarke Jr., R. S. and Altschuler, Z. S. (1958) Determination of the oxidation state of uranium in apatite and phosphorite deposits. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 13, 127-142.
11. Conca, J. L. and Wright, J. V. (1998) PIMS: A simple technology for clean-up of heavy met al.s and radionuclides throughout the world. In T. E. Baca, Ed., The Environmental Challenges of Nuclear Disarmament: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Cracow, Poland, 9-13 November, 1998, p. 1-13. Springer, New York.
12. Conca, J. L., Jambor, J. L., and Wright, J. (2006) An apatite II permeable reactive barrier to remediate ground water containing Zn, Pb, and Cd. Applied Geochemistry, 21, 1288-1300.
13. Della Ventura, G., Bellatreccia, F., Cabella, R., Caprilli, E., Oberti, R., and Williams, C. T. (1999) Britholite-hellandite intergrowths and associated REE-minerals from the alkali-syenitic ejecta of the vico volcanic complex (Latium, Italy) : Petrological implications bearing on REE mobility in volcanic systems. European Journal of Mineralogy, 11, 843-854.
14. Dunbar, N. W., Zielinski, G. A., and Voisins, D. T. (2003) Tephra layers in the Siple dome and Taylor dome ice cores, Antarctica: Sources and correlations. Journal of Geophysical Research, 108 (B8), 2374, DOI: 10.1029/2002JB002056.
15. Duff, M. C., Bertsch, P. M., Hunter, D. B., and Morris, D. E. (2000) Spectroscopic characterization of uranium in evaporation basin sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64, 1535-1550.
16. Elliott, J. C. (1994) Structure and Chemistry of the Apatites and Other Calcium Orthophosphates. Elsevier, New York.
17. Ewing, R. C. and Wang, L. (2002) Phosphates as nuclear waste forms. In M. J. Kohn, J. Rakovan, and J. M. Hughes, Eds., Phosphates-Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance, 48, p. 673-699. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America, Chantilly, Virginia.
18. Fleet, M. E. and Pan, Y. (1995) Site preference of rare earth elements in fluorapatite. American Mineralogist, 80, 329-335.
19. - (1997) Site preference of rare earth elements in fluorapatite: Binary (LREE + HREE) -substituted crystals. American Mineralogist, 82, 870-877.
20. 2]: Uptake, site preference, and degradation of monoclinic structure. American Mineralogist, 85, 1437-1446.
21. Hazen, R. M. and Finger, L. W. (1982) Comparative crystal chemistry: Temperature, pressure, composition, and the variation of crystal structure. Wiley, New York.
22. 3 (F, OH, Cl). In M. J. Kohn, J. Rakovan, and J. M. Hughes, Eds., Phosphates-Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance, 48, p. 1-12. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America, Chantilly, Virginia.
23. Hughes, J. M., Cameron, M., and Crowley, K. D. (1989) Structural variations in natural F, OH, and Cl apatites. American Mineralogist, 74, 870-876.
24. Hughes, J. M., Cameron, M., and Mariano, A. N. (1991) Rare-earth-element ordering and structural variations in natural rare-earth-bearing apatites. American Mineralogist, 76, 1165-1173.
25. Hughson, M. R. and Gupta, J. G. S. (1964) A thorian intermediate member of the britholite-apatite series. American Mineralogist, 49, 937-951.
26. Hunter, D. B. and Bertsch, P. M. (1998) In situ examination of uranium contaminated soil particles by micro-X-ray absorption and micro-fluorescence spectroscopies. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 234, 237-242.
27. Knox, A. S., Adriano, D. C., Hinton, T. G., Kaplan, D. I., and Wilson, M. D. (2003) Apatite and phillipsite as sequestering agents for met al.s and radionuclides. Journal of Environmental Quality, 32, 515-525.
28. Larsen Jr., E. S., Harrison, H. C., and Keevil, N. B. (1952) Method for determining the age of igneous rocks using the accessory minerals. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 63, 1045-1052.
29. 3F: Nd. Journal of Applied Crystallography, 6, 26-31.
30. Mehmel, M. (1930) Über die struktur des apatits. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 75, 323-331.
31. 3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 75, 387-398.
32. Nokhrin, S. M., Pan, Y., Weil, J. A., and Nilges, M. J. (2005) Multifrequency EPR study of radiation-damage-induced defect centers in chlorapatite. Canadian Mineralogist, 43, 1581-1588.
33. Oberti, R., Della Ventura, G., Ottolini, L., and Parodi, G. C. (2001) On the symmetry and crystal chemistry of britholite: new structural and microanalytical data. American Mineralogist, 86, 1066-1075.
34. Oosthuyzen, E. J. and Burger, A. J. (1973) The suitability of apatite as an age indicator by the uranium-lead isotope method. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 18, 29-36.
35. Pan, Y. and Fleet, M. E. (2002) Compositions of the apatite group minerals: Substitution mechanisms and controlling factors. In M. J. Kohn, J. Rakovan, and J. M. Hughes, Eds., Phosphates-Geochemical, Geobiological, and Materials Importance, 48, p. 13-49. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Mineralogical Society of America, Chantilly, Virginia.
36. 2-rich melts: Controls of intrinsic vacancies and implications for natural apatites. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 67, 1889-2003.
37. Prener, J. S. (1967) The growth and crystallographic properties of calcium fluor- and chlorapatite crystals. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 114, 77-83.
38. Raicevic, S., Wright, J. V., Veljkovic, V., and Conca, J. L. (2006) Theoretical stability assessment of uranyl phosphates and apatites: Selection of amendments for in situ remediation of uranium. Science of the Total Environment, 355, 13-24.
39. Rakovan, J., Reeder, R. J., Elzinga, E. J., Cherniak, D. J., Tait, C. D., and Morris, D. E. (2002) Structural characterization of U (VI) in apatite by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Environmental Science and Technology, 36, 3114-3117.
40. Renshaw, J. C., Butchins, Laura J. C., Livens, F. R., May, I., Charnock, J. M., and Lloyd, J. R. (2005) Bioreduction of uranium: Environmental implications of a pentavalent intermediate. Environmental Science and Technology, 39, 5657-5660.
41. Shannon, R. D. (1976) Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides. Acta Crystallographica, A32, 751-761.
42. 3Cl. Acta Crystallographica, B30, 1381-1386.
43. 3F. Solid State Sciences, 4, 807-812.