The neurologic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus

Neurologist

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 115-121

  Greenberg, Benjamin M ^a  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiphospholipid syndrome; Demyelinating disease; Stroke; Systemic lupus erythematosus

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY; AUTOANTIBODY; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; PHOSPHOLIPID ANTIBODY; PLACEBO; WARFARIN;

ACUTE CONFUSION; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTHRITIS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASE; CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONFUSION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DEMYELINATING DISEASE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; HEADACHE; HEMATOLOGIC DISEASE; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY DISEASE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MONONEUROPATHY; MOOD DISORDER; MOTOR DYSFUNCTION; MOUTH ULCER; MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; MYASTHENIA GRAVIS; MYELITIS; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROLOGICAL COMPLICATION; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; PHOTOSENSITIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RASH; RECURRENT DISEASE; REVIEW; SEIZURE; SPINAL CORD DISEASE; STROKE; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; TREATMENT PLANNING; IMMUNOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY;

ANTIBODIES, ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID; ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME; CONFUSION; DEMYELINATING DISEASES; HUMANS; LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES;

EID: 67649827622     PISSN: 10747931     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0b013e31818ff9aa     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Tan EM, Cohen AS, Fries JF, et al. The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1982;25: 1271-1277.
2. The American College of Rheumatology nomenclature and case definitions for neuropsychiatric lupus syndromes. Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42:599-608.
3. Brey RL, Holliday SL, Saklad AR, et al. Neuropsychiatric syndromes in lupus: prevalence using standardized definitions. Neurology. 2002;58:1214-1220.
4. Toubi E, Khamashta MA, Panarra A, et al. Association of antiphospholipid antibodies with central nervous system disease in systemic lupus erythema-tosus. Am J Med. 1995;99:397-401.
5. Appenzeller S, Cendes F, Costallat LT. Epileptic seizures in systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology. 2004;63:1808-1812.
6. Cimaz R, Meroni PL, Shoenfeld Y. Epilepsy as part of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic antiphospholipid syndrome (Hughes syndrome). Lupus. 2006;15:191-197.
7. Verrot D, San-Marco M, Dravet C, et al. Prevalence and signification of antinuclear and anticardiolipin antibodies in patients with epilepsy. Am J Med. 1997;103:33-37.
8. Caronti B, Calderaro C, Alessandri C, et al. Serum anti-beta-2- glycoprotein I antibodies from patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome bind central nervous system cells. J Autoimmun. 1998;11:425-429.
9. Caronti B, Pittoni V, Palladini G, et al. Anti-beta-2-glycoprotein I antibodies bind to central nervous system. J Neurol Sci. 1998;156:211-219.
10. Kent MN, Alvarez FJ, Ng AK, et al. Ultrastructural localization of monoclonal antiphospholipid antibody binding to rat brain. Exp Neurol. 2000;163: 173-179.
11. Moore PM. Evidence for bound antineuronal antibodies in brains of NZB/W mice. J Neuroimmunol. 1992;38:147-154.
12. Moore PM, Joshi I, Ghanekar SA. Affinity isolation of neuron-reactive antibodies in MRL/lpr mice. J Neurosci Res. 1994;39:140-147.
13. Yoshio T, Hirata D, Onda K, et al. Antiribosomal P protein antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus ery-thematosus. J Rheumatol. 2005;32:34-39.
14. Williams RC Jr, Sugiura K, Tan EM. Antibodies to microtubule-associated protein 2 in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50:1239-1247.
15. Muscal E, Brey RL. Neurological manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome: risk assessments and evidence-based medicine. Int J Clin Pract. 2007;61:1561-1568.
16. Audrain MA, El-Kouri D, Hamidou MA, et al. Value of autoantibodies to beta(2)-glycoprotein 1 in the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002;41:550-553.
17. Vila P, Hernandez MC, Lopez-Fernandez MF, et al. Prevalence, follow-up and clinical significance of the anticardiolipin antibodies in normal subjects. Thromb Haemost. 1994;72:209-213.
18. Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Piette JC. International classification criteria for antiphospholipid syndrome: synopsis of a post-conference workshop held at the Ninth International (Tours) aPL Symposium. Lupus. 2001;10:457-460.
19. Tarr T, Lakos G, Bhattoa HP, et al. Primary antiphospholipid syndrome as the forerunner of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2007;16:324-328.
20. The Antiphospholipid Antibodies in Stroke Study (APASS) Group. Anticar- diolipin antibodies are an independent risk factor for first ischemic stroke. Neurology. 1993;43:2069-2073.
21. Muir KW, Squire IB, Alwan W, et al. Anticardiolipin antibodies in an unselected stroke population. Lancet. 1994;344:452-456.
22. Booth S, Chohan S, Curran JC, et al. Whole blood viscosity and arterial thrombotic events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2007;57:845-850.
23. Tarr T, Lakos G, Bhattoa HP, et al. Analysis of risk factors for the development of thrombotic complications in antiphospholipid antibody positive lupus patients. Lupus. 2007;16:39-45.
24. Petri M. Thrombosis and systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort perspective. Scand J Rheumatol. 1996;25:191-193.
25. Crowther MA, Ginsberg JS, Julian J, et al. A comparison of two intensities of warfarin for the prevention of recurrent thrombosis in patients with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1133-1138.
26. Lim W, Crowther MA, Eikelboom JW. Management of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: a systematic review. JAMA. 2006;295:1050-1057.
27. Barile-Fabris L, Ariza-Andraca R, Olguin-Ortega L, et al. Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:620-625.
28. Greenberg BM, Thomas KP, Krishnan C, et al. Idiopathic transverse myelitis: corticosteroids, plasma exchange, or cyclophosphamide. Neurology. 2007;68: 1614-1617.
29. Trevisani VF, Castro AA, Neves Neto JF, et al. Cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for treating neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006:CD002265.
30. McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G, et al. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2001;50:121-127.
31. Ferreira S, D'Cruz DP, Hughes GR. Multiple sclerosis, neuropsychiatric lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome: where do we stand? Rheumatology (Oxford). 2005;44:434-442.
32. Cuadrado MJ, Khamashta MA, Ballesteros A, et al. Can neurologic manifestations of Hughes (antiphospholipid) syndrome be distinguished from multiple sclerosis? Analysis of 27 patients and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2000;79:57-68.
33. Appenzeller S, Faria A, Marini R, et al. Focal transient lesions of the corpus callosum in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol. 2006;25:568-571.
34. Appenzeller S, Rondina JM, Li LM, et al. Cerebral and corpus callosum atrophy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 2005;52:2783-2789.
35. Fogel B, Cardenas D, Ovbiagele B. Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in the corpus callosum of a patient with neuropsychiatric lupus. Neurologist. 2006;12:271-273.
36. Scott TF, Hess D, Brillman J. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome mimicking multiple sclerosis clinically and by magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Intern Med. 1994;154:917-920.
37. Collard RC, Koehler RP, Mattson DH. Frequency and significance of antinu-clear antibodies in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1997;49:857-861.
38. de Andres C, Guillem A, Rodriguez-Mahou M, et al. Frequency and significance of anti-Ro (SS-A) antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 2001;104:83-87.
39. Spadaro M, Amendolea MA, Mazzucconi MG, et al. Autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis: study of a wide spectrum of autoantibodies. Mult Scler. 1999;5:121-125.
40. Hummers LK, Krishnan C, Casciola-Rosen L, et al. Recurrent transverse myelitis associates with anti-Ro (SSA) autoantibodies. Neurology. 2004;62: 147-149.
41. Pittock SJ, Lennon VA, de Seze J, et al. Neuromyelitis optica and non organ-specific autoimmunity. Arch Neurol. 2008;65:78-83.
42. Baca V, Lavalle C, Garcia R, et al. Favorable response to intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with severe neuropsy-chiatric lupus. J Rheumatol. 1999;26:432-439.
43. Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Pittock SJ, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica. Neurology. 2006;66:1485-1489.
44. Ainiala H, Loukkola J, Peltola J, et al. The prevalence of neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Neurology. 2001;57:496-500.
45. Mitsikostas DD, Sfikakis PP, Goadsby PJ. A meta-analysis for headache in systemic lupus erythematosus: the evidence and the myth.Brain. 2004;127: 1200-1209.
46. Carlomagno S, Migliaresi S, Ambrosone L, et al. Cognitive impairment in systemic lupus erythematosus: a follow-up study. J Neurol. 2000;247:273-279.
47. Hanly JG, Robichaud J, Fisk JD. Anti-NR2 glutamate receptor antibodies and cognitive function in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2006;33: 1553-1558.
48. Jennekens FG, Kater L. The central nervous system in systemic lupus erythematosus. Part 2. Pathogenetic mechanisms of clinical syndromes: a literature investigation. Rheumatology. 2002;41:619-630.
49. Cervera R, Asherson RA, Font J, et al. Chorea in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Clinical, radiologic, and immunologic characteristics of 50 pa- tients from our clinics and the recent literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1997;76:203-212.
50. Kuroe K, Kurahashi K, Nakano I, et al. A neuropathological study of a case of lupus erythematosus with chorea. J Neurol Sci. 1994;123:59-63.
51. Steinlin MI, Blaser SI, Gilday DL, et al. Neurologic manifestations of pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Pediatr Neurol. 1995;13:191-197.
52. Shahar E, Goshen E, Tauber Z, et al. Parkinsonian syndrome complicating systemic lupus erythematosus. Pediatr Neurol. 1998;18:456 - 458.
53. Borchers AT, Aoki CA, Naguwa SM, et al. Neuropsychiatric features of systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev. 2005;4:329-344.
54. Smith AG, Singleton JR. The diagnostic yield of a standardized approach to idiopathic sensory-predominant neuropathy. Arch Intern Med. 2004;164: 1021-1025