An ambulating hospital: Or, how the hospital train transformed army medicine

Civil War History

Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2002, Pages 197-219

  Hawk, Alan ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 67649616702     PISSN: 00098078     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/cwh.2002.0036     Document Type: Review

References (40)

1. George W. Adams, Doctors in Blue (Dayton: Morningside, 1985), 63
2. Delafield, Report on the Art of War in Europe v:72-74
3. Joseph J. Woodward and George A Otis, MSHWR, Appendix to Part I, (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1870), 18, 146
4. Robert Held, The Age of Firearms, a Pictorial History (New York: Harper and Bros., 1957), 175-83
5. Frank Freemon, "Lincoln Finds a Surgeon General: William A. Hammond and the Transformation of the Union Army Medical Bureau," Civil War History 33 (Mar. 1987): 6-7
6. James Phalen, "Clement Alexander Finley," Army Medical Bulletin 52 (Apr. 1940): 38-14
7. The Medical Department was reformed by an act of Congress on April 16, 1862. The rank of the surgeon general was raised to a brigadier general, and the position of medical inspector (equivalent to a current inspector general) was added. Other ranks included: assistant surgeons general and medical inspectors general were colonels; medical inspectors, lieutenant colonels; surgeons, major; assistant surgeons, captains or first lieutenants. Otis and Huntington, MSHWR, pt. 3, 2:900-901
8. Robert C. Black III, "The War on Rails," in The Image of War, 1861-1865: The Guns of '62, ed. William Davis (Garden City: Doubleday, 1982), 403-5
9. Huston, Sinews of War, 201
10. Charles R. Shrader, "Organization for Logistics in the Civil War," in United States Army Logistics, 1775-1992, an Anthology, vol. 1, ed. Charles Shrader (Washington: Center of Military History, 1997), 205
11. Delafield, Report on the Art of War in Europe, 58
12. Louis Duncan, The Medical Department of the United States Army in the Civil War (1910; reprint, Gaithersburg, Md.: Olde Soldier Books, 1987), 395-97
13. John S. Haller, Jr., Farmcarts to Fords: A History of the Military Ambulance, 1790-1925 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois Univ. Press, 1992), 51
14. George Otis, A Report on a Plan for Transporting Wounded Soldiers by Railway in Time of War (Washington, D.C.: War Department, Surgeon General's Office, 1875), 4-5
15. John Plumridge, Hospital Ships and Ambulance Trains (London: Seeley, Service & Co., 1975), 81-84
16. Patrick Turnbull, Solferino: The Birth of a Nation (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985), 157-58
17. Woodward, MSHWR, Appendix to Part I, 18
18. Turner, Victory Rode the Rails, 297-98
19. Otis, MSHWR, pt. 3, 2:958
20. Katharine Prescott Wormeley, The United States Sanitary Commission: A Sketch of Its Purpose and Its Work (Boston: Little, Brown, 1863)
21. P. Brochett and Mary Vaughn, Women's Work in the Civil War: A Record of Heroism, Patriotism and Patience (Philadelphia: Zeigler, McCurdy & Co., 1867), 318-23
22. Bonnie Blustein, "A New York Medical Man: William Alexander Hammond, M.D. (1828-1900), Neurologist" (Ph.D. diss., University of Pennsylvania, 1979), 58
23. Freemon, "Lincoln finds a Surgeon General," 6-9
24. Mary Gilette, The Army Medical Department 1818-1865 (Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, 1987), 184
25. Duncan, Medical Department of the United States Army, 106-11
26. Gilette, Army Medical Department 1818-1865, 189-90
27. Jonathan Letterman, Medical Recollections of the Army of the Potomac (New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1866), 44-45
28. Gordon W. Jones, "The Medical History of the Fredericksburg Campaign: Course and Significance," in Theory and Practice in American Medicine, ed. Gert Brieger (New York: Science History Publications, 1976), 188-92
29. "Hospital Trains," Harper's Weekly, Feb. 27, 1864, 133
30. cited in Thomas Weber, The Northern Railroads in the Civil War, 1861-1865 (New York: King's Crown Press, 1952), 227
31. Wormeley, United States Sanitary Commission, 287-88
32. United States Sanitary Commission, The Sanitary Commission of the United States Army: A Succinct Narrative of its Works and Purposes. (1864; reprint, New York: Arno Press, 1972), 107
33. Frank Freeman, Gangrene and Glory: Medical Care During the American Civil War (Madison: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press, 1998), 114
34. "Military Hospitals at Fortress Monroe," Harper's Monthly 29 (1864): 306-22
35. Charles Smart, MSHWR, Part III, Vol. I: Medical History (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1888), 665, 960-64. Erysipelas is an acute inflammation of the skin caused by streptococcal infection
36. Harold Straubing, ed., In Hospital and Camp: The Civil War Through the Eyes of Its Doctors and Nurses (Harrisburg: Stackpole Books, 1993), 125-26
37. Cpt. Joseph E. King, "Shoulder Straps for Aesculapius," The Military Surgeron (April 1954): 302
38. Plumridge, Hospital Ships and Ambulance Trains, 86-87
39. Charles Lynch, Reports of Military Observers Attached to the Armies in Machuria During the Russo-Japanese War, Part IV, (Washington: GPO, 1907), 74-75
40. Joseph J Woodward, International Exhibition of 1876: Hospital of the Medical Department, United States Army (Philadelphia, 1876)