The role of monitoring mosquito infection in the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis

Trends in Parasitology

Volumn 25, Issue 7, 2009, Pages 319-327

  Pedersen, Erling M ^a   Stolk, Wilma A ^b   Laney, Sandra J ^c   Michael, Edwin ^d  

^a DANISH BILHARZIASIS LABORATORY   (Denmark)

^b ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^c SMITH COLLEGE   (United States)

^d IMPERIAL COLLEGE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRUGIA MALAYI; DISEASE CARRIER; HEALTH PROGRAM; LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; MATHEMATICAL COMPUTING; MONITORING; MOSQUITO; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PARASITE CONTROL; PARASITE IDENTIFICATION; PARASITE TRANSMISSION; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; REVIEW; SAMPLE SIZE; WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI;

ANIMALS; CULICIDAE; ELEPHANTIASIS, FILARIAL; HUMANS; INSECT VECTORS; MOSQUITO CONTROL;

EID: 67649547591     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2009.03.013     Document Type: Review

References (85)

1. Ottesen E.A., et al. Strategies and tools for the control/elimination of lymphatic filariasis. Bull. World Health Organ. 75 (1997) 491-514
2. Michael E., et al. Mathematical models and lymphatic filariasis control: monitoring and evaluating interventions. Trends Parasitol. 22 (2006) 529-535
3. Michael E., et al. Epidemiological modelling for monitoring and evaluation of lymphatic filariasis control. Adv. Parasitol. 65 (2007) 191-237
4. Duerr H.P., et al. Determinants of the eradicability of filarial infections: a conceptual approach. Trends Parasitol. 21 (2005) 88-96
5. Michael E., et al. Mathematical models and lymphatic filariasis control: endpoints and optimal interventions. Trends Parasitol. 22 (2006) 226-233
6. Gambhir M., and Michael E. Complex ecological dynamics and eradicability of the vector borne macroparasitic disease, lymphatic filariasis. PLoS One 3 (2008) 1-13
7. Weil G.J., and Ramzy R.M. Diagnostic tools for filariasis elimination programs. Trends Parasitol. 23 (2007) 78-82
8. Williams S.A., et al. Development and standardization of a rapid, PCR-based method for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti in mosquitoes, for xenomonitoring the human prevalence of bancroftian filariasis. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 96 Suppl 2 (2002) S41-S46
9. Rao R.U., et al. Detection of Brugia parasite DNA in human blood by real-time PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 44 (2006) 3887-3893
10. WHO (2002) Defining the roles of vector control and xenomonitoring in the Global Programmme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. Report of the Informal Consultation WHO, Geneva, 29-31 January 2002. WHO/CDS/CPE/PVC/2002.3
11. WHO (2009) The Role of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Techniques for Assessing LF Transmission. Report of a Workshop, Copenhagen, Denmark. 7-10 November 2006. WHO/HTM/NTD/PCT/2009.1.
12. Suzuki T., and Seregeg I.G. A mass dissection technique for determining infectivity rate of filariasis vectors. Jpn. J. Exp. Med. 49 (1979) 117-121
13. Green D.F., and Yates J.A. Microscopic visualization of Wuchereria and Brugia larval stages in intact cleared mosquitoes. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 51 (1994) 483-488
14. Nelson G.S. Staining of filarial larvae in insects before dissection. Bull. World Health Organ. 19 (1958) 204
15. McMahon J.E., et al. Studies on the transmission and prevalence of bancroftian filariasis in four coastal villages of Tanzania. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 75 (1981) 415-431
16. Rwegoshora R.T., et al. Bancroftian filariasis: patterns of vector abundance and transmission in two East African communities with different levels of endemicity. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 99 (2005) 253-265
17. Maxwell C.A., et al. Control of Bancroftian filariasis by integrating therapy with vector control using polystyrene beads in wet pit latrines. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 84 (1990) 709-714
18. McGreevy P.B., et al. Ingestion and development of Wuchereria bancrofti in Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti after feeding on humans with varying densities of microfilariae in Tanzania. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 76 (1982) 288-296
19. Katholi C.R., et al. Determining the prevalence of Onchocerca volvulus infection in vector populations by polymerase chain reaction screening of pools of black flies. J. Infect. Dis. 172 (1995) 1414-1417
20. Hoti S.L., et al. Laboratory evaluation of Ssp I PCR assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Culex quinquefasciatus. Indian J. Med. Res. 114 (2001) 59-64
21. Hoti S.L., et al. Detection of Brugia malayi in laboratory and wild-caught Mansonioides mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) using Hha I PCR assay. Bull. Entomol. Res. 91 (2001) 87-92
22. Fischer P., et al. Development of a quantitative, competitive polymerase chain reaction-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA. Parasitol. Res. 85 (1999) 176-183
23. Ramzy R.M., et al. A polymerase chain reaction-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti in human blood and Culex pipiens. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 91 (1997) 156-160
24. Vythilingam I., et al. Detection of Brugia malayi in mosquitoes by the polymerase chain reaction. J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. 14 (1998) 243-247
25. Farid H.A., et al. Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti in mosquitoes by the polymerase chain reaction: a potentially useful tool for large-scale control programmes. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 95 (2001) 29-32
26. Fischer P., et al. PCR-based detection and identification of the filarial parasite Brugia timori from Alor Island, Indonesia. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 96 (2002) 809-821
27. Helmy H., et al. Test strip detection of Wuchereria bancrofti amplified DNA in wild-caught Culex pipiens and estimation of infection rate by a PoolScreen algorithm. Trop. Med. Int. Health 9 (2004) 158-163
28. Rao R.U., et al. A real-time PCR-based assay for detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and mosquitoes. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 74 (2006) 826-832
29. Ramzy R.M., et al. Effect of yearly mass drug administration with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole on bancroftian filariasis in Egypt: a comprehensive assessment. Lancet 367 (2006) 992-999
30. Farid H.A., et al. A critical appraisal of molecular xenomonitoring as a tool for assessing progress toward elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 77 (2007) 593-600
31. Triteeraprapab S., et al. Lymphatic filariasis caused by Brugia malayi in an endemic area of Narathiwat Province, southern of Thailand. J. Med. Assoc. Thai. 84 Suppl 1 (2001) S182-S188
32. Esterre P., et al. The impact of 34 years of massive DEC chemotherapy on Wuchereria bancrofti infection and transmission: the Maupiti cohort. Trop. Med. Int. Health 6 (2001) 190-195
33. Goodman D.S., et al. PCR and Mosquito dissection as tools to monitor filarial infection levels following mass treatment. Filaria J. 2 (2003) 11
34. Bockarie M.J., et al. Application of a polymerase chain reaction-ELISA to detect Wuchereria bancrofti in pools of wild-caught Anopheles punctulatus in a filariasis control area in Papua New Guinea. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 62 (2000) 363-367
35. Laney S.J., et al. A Reverse Transcriptase-PCR assay for detecting filarial infective larvae in mosquitoes. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2 (2008) e251
36. Vasuki V., et al. RT-PCR assay for the detection of infective (L3) larvae of lymphatic filarial parasite, Wuchereria bancrofti, in vector mosquito Culex quinauefasciatus. J. Vector Borne Dis. 45 (2008) 207-216
37. Fischer P., et al. Persistence of Brugia malayi DNA in vector and non-vector mosquitoes: Implications for xenomonitoring and transmission monitoring of lymphatic filariasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 76 (2007) 502-507
38. Brengues, J. (1975) La filariose de bancroft en Afrique de L'ouest. In Memoirs ORSTOM 299, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer
39. Brunhes, J. (1975) La filariose de bancroft dans a sous-region Malgache (Comoros - Madagascar - Reunion). In Memoirs ORSTOM 212, Office de la Recherche Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer
40. Bushrod F.M. Studies on filariasis transmission in Kwale, a Tanzanian coastal village, and the results of mosquito control measures. Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 73 (1979) 277-285
41. Kuhlow F., and Zielke E. Dynamics and intensity of Wuchereria bancrofti transmission in the savannah and forest regions of Liberia. Tropenmed. Parasitol. 29 (1978) 371-381
42. Mwandawiro C.S., et al. Mosquito vectors of bancroftian filariasis in Kwale district, Kenya. East Afr. Med. J. 74 (1997) 288-291
43. Onapa A.W., et al. Lymphatic filariasis in Uganda: baseline investigations in Lira, Soroti and Katakwi districts. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 95 (2001) 161-167
44. Wijers D.J.B., and Kiilu G. Bancoftian filariasis in Kenya. III. Entomological investigations in Mambrui, a small coastal town, and Jaribuni, a rural area more inland (Coast Province). Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. 71 (1977) 347-359
45. Aslamkhan M., and Wolfe M.S. Bancroftian filariasis in two villages in Dinajpur district, East Pakistan. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 21 (1972) 30-37
46. de Meillon B., et al. Evaluation of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Culex pipiens fatigans in Rangoon, Burma. Bull. World Health Organ. 36 (1967) 91-100
47. Joe L.K., et al. Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Djakarta, Indonesia. A study of some factors influencing its transmission. Indian J. Malariol. 14 (1960) 339-352
48. Basu P.C., et al. Filariasis in Greater Bombay - results of a rapid survey conducted in June, 1965. Bull. Indian Soc. Malaria Commun. Dis. 4 (1967) 296-317
49. Chand D., et al. A note on filariasis in Gonda town (Uttar Pradesh). Indian J. Malariol. 15 (1961) 39-47
50. Chand D., et al. Filariasis in the district of Ghazipur (Uttar Pradesh). Indian J. Malariol. 15 (1961) 21-29
51. Chand D., et al. Filariasis in Bahraich district, Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Malariol. 15 (1961) 175-184
52. Chand D., et al. Filariasis in Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh. Indian J. Malariol. 16 (1962) 269-276
53. Gubler D.J., and Bhattacharya N.C. A quantitative approach to the study of bancroftian filariasis. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 23 (1974) 1027-1036
54. Hati A.K., et al. Annual transmission potential of bancroftian filariasis in an urban and a rural area of West Bengal, India. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 40 (1989) 365-367
55. Joseph C., and Peethambaran P. A filariasis survey of Trichur (Kerala State). Indian J. Malariol. 17 (1963) 33-36
56. Nair C.P., et al. Filariasis in Kerala State. VI. Filaria survey of Fort Cochin municipality. Indian J. Malariol. 14 (1960) 223-231
57. Pawar R.G., and Mittal M.C. Filariasis in Jamnagar. Indian J. Med. Res. 56 (1968) 370-376
58. Rahman J., et al. A filaria survey of Basti town (Uttar Pradesh). Bull. Natl. Soc. Malaria Mosq. Dis. 5 (1957) 207-212
59. Rahman J., et al. Investigation of filariasis problem in Bhallia town (Uttar Pradesh). Indian J. Malariol. 11 (1957) 163-167
60. Rahman J., et al. Pre-control survey in the filaria control unit, Barabanki, U. P. Bull. Natl. Soc. Malaria Mosq. Dis. 7 (1959) 107-117
61. Rajagopalan P.K., et al. Some aspects of transmission of Wuchereria bancrofti and ecology of the vector Culex pipiens fatigans in Pondicherry. Indian J. Med. Res. 66 (1977) 200-215
62. Ramaiah K.D., et al. Prevalence of bancroftian filariasis and its control by single course of diethylcarbamazine in a rural area in Tamil Nadu. Indian J. Med. Res. 89 (1989) 184-191
63. Rao C.K., et al. Epidemiological studies on bancroftian filariasis in East Godavari district (Andhra Pradesh): entomological aspects. J. Commun. Dis. 13 (1981) 81-91
64. Rao C.K., et al. Trend of bancroftian filariasis in two villages and long term effects of mass diethylcarbamazine treatment. J. Commun. Dis. 8 (1976) 28-34
65. Rath R.N., et al. Bancroftian filariasis in two selected rural communities in Puri district: Orissa - a comparative study of filariometric data. J. Commun. Dis. 16 (1984) 104-112
66. Russel S., et al. Filariasis in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Part I - Survey findings - Nancowry, Terresa, Chowra, Carnicobar and Port Blair. J. Commun. Dis. 7 (1975) 15-30
67. Singh M.V., et al. Observations on rural filariasis in Sitapur district (Uttar Pradesh). Indian J. Malariol. 17 (1963) 303-310
68. Nathan M.B. Bancroftian filariasis in coastal North Trinidad, West Indies: intensity of transmission by Culex quinquefasciatus. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 75 (1981) 721-730
69. Bockarie M., et al. Transmission dynamics of Wuchereria bancrofti in East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 54 (1996) 577-581
70. Samarawickrema W.A., et al. Natural infections of Wuchereria bancrofti in Aedes (Stegomyia) polyniensis and Aedes (Finlaya) samoanus in Samoa. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 81 (1987) 124-128
71. Suzuki T., and Sone F. Filarial infection in vector mosquitoes after mass drug administration in Western Samoa. Trop. Med. 16 (1975) 147-156
72. Magesa S.M., et al. Trial of pyrethroid-impregnated bednets in an area of Tanzania holoendemic for malaria. Part 2. Effects on the malaria vector population. Acta Trop. 49 (1991) 97-108
73. Bøgh C., et al. Permethrin-impregnated bednet effects on resting and feeding behaviour of lymphatic filariasis vector mosquitoes in Kenya. Med. Vet. Entomol. 12 (1998) 52-59
74. Maddox D.E., et al. Evaluating management success: using ecological models to ask the right monitoring questions. In: Johnson N.C., et al. (Ed). Ecological Stewardship. A Common Reference for Ecosystem Management (1999), Elsevier Science 563-584
75. Yoccoz N.G., et al. Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time. Trends Parasitol. 16 (2001) 446-453
76. Brumpt E. Le Xenodiagnostic. Application au diagnostic de quelque infections parasitaires et en particulier la trypanosomose de Chagas. Bull. Soc. Pathol. Exot 7 (1914) 706-710
77. Boakye D.A., et al. Monitoring lymphatic filariasis interventions: Adult mosquito sampling, and improved PCR - based pool screening method for Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Anopheles mosquitoes. Filaria J. 6 (2007) 13
78. Nicolas L., et al. A polymerase chain reaction assay to determine infection of Aedes polynesiensis by Wuchereria bancrofti. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 90 (1996) 136-139
79. Vasuki V., et al. A simple and rapid DNA extraction method for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti infection in the vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus by Ssp I PCR assay. Acta Trop. 86 (2003) 109-114
80. Plichart C., et al. PCR and dissection as tools to monitor filarial infection of Aedes polynesiensis mosquitoes in French Polynesia. Filaria J. 5 (2006) 2
81. Walsh J.F., et al. Standardization of criteria for assessing the effect of Simulium control in onchocerciasis control programmes. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 72 (1978) 675-676
82. Venette R.C., et al. Strategies and statistics of sampling for rare individuals. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 47 (2002) 143-174
83. Madden L.V., and Hughes G. Sampling for plant disease incidence. Phytopathology 89 (1999) 1088-1103
84. Chanteau S., et al. Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti larvae in pools of mosquitoes by the polymerase chain reaction. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 88 (1994) 665-666
85. Lizotte M.R., et al. A polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of Brugia malayi in blood. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 51 (1994) 314-321