Effect of head posture on pediatric oropharyngeal structures: Implications for airway management in infants and children

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 396-399

  Vialet, Renaud ^b   Nair, André ^a  

^a Hôpital d Instruction des Armées Laveran   (France)

^b HÔPITAL NORD   (France)

Author keywords

Airway; Children; Infants; Intubation; Posture

Indexed keywords

AIRWAY; AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ANESTHESIA; ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION; ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE; HEAD POSITION; HUMAN; LARYNGOSCOPY; OROPHARYNX; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; ROTATION;

ADOLESCENT; AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; ANESTHESIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CONSCIOUS SEDATION; HEAD; HUMANS; INFANT; INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL; LARYNGOSCOPY; OROPHARYNX; POSTURE; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL;

EID: 67649525001     PISSN: 09527907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283294cc7     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. Jin-Hee K, Ro Y, Seong-Won M, et al. Elongation of the trachea during neck extension in children: implications of the safety of endotracheal tubes. Anesth Analg 2005; 101:974-977.
2. Hunyady Al, Pieters B, Johnston TA, Jonmarker C. Front teeth-to-carina distance in children undergoing cardiac catheterization. Anesthesiology 2008; 108:1004-1008.
3. Jordi Ritz E, Von Ungern-Sternberg BS, Keller K, et al. The impact of head position on the cuff and tube tip position of preformed oral tracheal tubes in young children. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:604-609.
4. Böttcher-Haberzeth S, Dullenkopf A, Gitzelmann CA, Weiss M. Tracheal tube tip displacement during laparoscopy in children. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:131 - 134.
5. Weiss M, Knirsch W, Kretschmar O, et al. Tracheal tube-tip displacement in children during head-neck movement: a radiological assessment. Br J Anaesth 2006; 96:486-491.
6. Bingham RM, Proctor LT. Airway management. Pediatr Clin North Am 2008; 55:873-886.
7. Reber A, Paganoni R, Frei FJ. Effect of common airway manoeuvres on upper airway dimensions and clinical signs in anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing children. Br J Anaesth 2001; 86:217-222.
8. Litman RS, Wake N, Chan LL, et al. Effect of lateral positioning on upper airway size and morphology in sedated children. Anesthesiology 2005; 103:484-488.
9. Evans RG, Crawford MW, Noseworthy MD, Yoo S. Effect of increasing depth of propofol anesthesia on upper airway configuration in children. Anesthesiology 2003; 99:596-602.
10. Crawford MW, Rohan D, Macgowan CK, et al. Effect of propofol anesthesia and continuous positive airway pressure on upper airway size and configuration in infants. Anesthesiology 2006; 105:45-50.
11. Crawford MW, Arrica M, Macgowan CK, Yoo S. Extent and localization of changes in upper airway caliber with varying concentrations of sevoflurane in children. Anesthesiology 2006; 105:1147-1152.
12. Vialet R, Nau A, Chaumoitre K, Martin C. Effects of head posture on the oral, haryngeal and laryngeal axis alignment in infants and young children by magnetic resonance imaging. Paediatr Anaesth 2008; 18:525-531.
13. Ishikawa T, Isono S, Aiba J,et al.Prone position increases collapsibility of the passive pharynx in infants and small children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166:760-764.
14. Xue FS, Mao P, Liu HP, et al. The effects of head flexion on airway seal, quality of ventilation and orogastric tube placement using the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway. Anaesthesia 2008; 63:979-985.
15. Choi WJ, Kim YH. The influence of head rotation on ProSeal laryngeal mask airway sealing during paediatric myringotomy. Anaesth Intensive Care 2007; 35:957-960.
16. Arai YP, Fukunaga K, Hirota S, Fujimoto S. The effects of chin lift and jaw thrust while in the lateral position on stridor score in anesthetized children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Anesth Analg 2004; 99:1638-1641.
17. Arai YP, Nakayama M, Kato N, et al. The effects of jaw thrust and the lateral position on heart rate variability in anesthetized children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Anesth Analg 2007; 104:1352-1355.
18. Sutthiprapaporn P, Tanimoto K, Ohtsuka M, et al. Positional changes of oropharyngeal structures due to gravity in the upright and supine positions. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2008; 37:130-135.
19. Ikeda H, Ayuse T, Oi K. The effects of head and body positioning on upper airway collapsibility in normal subjects who received midazolam sedation. J Clin Anesth 2006; 18:185-193.
20. Yellon RF, Borland LM, Kay DJ. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy in children: effect of sitting versus supine position. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2007; 71:1293-1297.
21. Weiss M, Gerber AC, Dullenkopf A. Appropriate placement of intubation depth marks in a new cuffed paediatric tracheal tube. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94:80-87.
22. Yoo S, Kim J, Han S, Oh A. A comparative study of endotracheal tube positioning methods in children: safety from neck movement. Anesth Analg 2007; 105:620-625.
23. Weiss M, Dullenkopf A, Böttcher S, et al. Clinical evaluation of cuff and tube tip position in a newly designed paediatric preformed oral cuffed tracheal tube. Br J Anaesth 2006; 97:695-700.
24. Thayyil S, Nagakumar P, Gowers H, Sinha A. Optimal endotracheal tube tip position in extremely premature infants. Am J Perinatal 2008;25:13-16.
25. Peterson J, Johnson N, Deakins K,et al.Accuracy of the 7-8-9 Rule for endotracheal tube placement in the neonate. J Perinatal 2006; 26:333- 336.
26. Hagberg CA. Benumofs airway management. 2 ed. New York: Mosby Elsevier; 2006.
27. Kitamura Y, Isono S, Suzuki N,et al.Dynamic interaction of craniofacial structures during head positioning and direct laryngoscopy in anesthetized patients with and without difficult laryngoscopy. Anesthesiology 2007; 107:875-883.
28. Lee BJ, Kang JM, Kim DO. Laryngeal exposure during laryngoscopy is better in the 25 degrees back-up position than in the supine position. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99:581-586.
29. Gao X, Otsuka R, Ono T,et al.Effect of titrated mandibular advancement and jaw opening on the upper airway in nonapneic men: a magnetic resonance imaging and cephalometric study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004; 125:191-199.
30. Wood R. Evaluation of the upper airway in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 2008; 20:266-271.