Use of life cycle assessment to characterize the environmental impacts of polyol production options

Green Chemistry

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 380-38

  Helling, Richard K ^a   Russell, David A ^a  

^a DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLYCINE MAX;

EID: 67649450471     PISSN: 14639262     EISSN: 14639270     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1039/b815833a     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Ian Boustead, Eco-profiles of the European Plastics Industry: Polyols, March, 2005 (available from http://lca.plasticseurope.org/index.htm).
2. International Organization for Standardization, ISO 14040: 1997(E), Environmental management—Life Cycle Assessment—Principles and Framework, Geneva, 1997.
3. Mary Ann Curran, Environmental Life Cycle Assessment, ISBN 0-07-015063-X, McGraw-Hill, 1996.
4. http://www.epa.gov/ord/NRMRL/lcaccess/resources.html.
5. Sven Bernesson, Dan Nilsson, Per-Anders Hansson, A limited LCA comparing large and small scale production of rape methyl ester (RME) under Swedish conditions, Biomass and Bioenergy, vol 26, pp 545–559, 2004.
6. Ian Boustead, Polyols, as reported at www.apme.org, “information produced in collaboration with ISOPA—The European Isocyanate Producers Association”, August 13, 2003.
7. A. Horvath, C. Hendrickson, S. Joshi and L. Lave, Economic Input Output Models for Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment, Environmental Science and Technology, A-pages, 32(7), 184A-191A, 1998.
8. T. E. Graedel, Streamlined Life-Cycle Assessment, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1998.
9. W. T. Dove, Life cycle assessment: an argument for a detailed approach, Proceedings of the LCM 2005 Innovation by Life Cycle Management International Conference, Barcelona, Spain 5th–7th September 2005, pub. LCM, volume 2, pp. 481–484.
10. Jeanette Schwarz, Beth Beloff and Earl Beaver, Use Sustainability Metrics to Guide Decision-Making, Chemical Engineering Progress, pp. 58–62, July 2002.
11. Life Cycle Inventory of Biodiesel and Petroleum Diesel for Use in an Urban Bus: A joint study sponsored by: US Department of Agriculture and US Department of Energy, NREL/SR-580–24089 UC Category 1503, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Final report, May, 1998.
12. Rick Graves, castor input cost spreadsheet.xls, Castor Oil, Inc., Plainview, Texas, received via e-mail, 14 January 2004.
13. J. P. Mittal, K. C. Dhawan and C. R. Thyagraj, Energy scenario of castor crop under dryland agriculture of Andhra Pradesh, Energy Convers, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 425–430, 1991.
14. W. F. Banholzer, K. J. Watson and M. E. Jones, How Might Biofuels Impact the Chemical Industry?, Chemical Engineering Progress, vol. 104, no. 3, p. s7, 2008.
15. IPCC, IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Chapter 4, Agriculture (2001) as found at http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/english/.
16. Rick Graves, Castor Oil Incorporated, Plainview, Texas, telephone conversation, 6 December 2004.
17. Obtained from Barbara Lippiatt, NIST (U.S. National Institute of Standards & Technology), 14 April 2004.
18. J. Pollack, Soy vs. Petro Polyols, A Life Cycle Comparison, GPEC 2004 Paper Abstract 37, Omni Tech International, Inc., Midland, MI, 2004.
19. E. A. Weiss, Oilseed processing, in Castor, Sesame and Safflower, pp. 761–793, 1971; available at http://www.wsu.edu/gmhyde/433_web_pages/433Oil-web-pages/castor/castor-oil2.html via the Jayant Oil Mills web page.