Effect of undegradable intake protein supplementation on urea kinetics and microbial use of recycled urea in steers consuming low-quality forage

British Journal of Nutrition

Volumn 101, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 225-232

  Wickersham, Tryon A ^b   Titgemeyer, Evan C ^a   Cochran, Robert C ^a   Wickersham, Erin E ^a,b  

^a KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cattle; Protein; Supplementation; Urea recycling

Indexed keywords

CASEIN; PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNDEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN; UREA;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL FOOD; ARTICLE; BODY WEIGHT; BULLOCK; DIGESTION; FECES; FOOD INTAKE; FOOD QUALITY; FORAGE; GRASS; MICROBIAL DEGRADATION; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN INTAKE; UREA BLOOD LEVEL; UREA CYCLE; URINARY EXCRETION; WEIGHT CHANGE;

AMMONIA; ANIMAL FEED; ANIMALS; CASEINS; CATTLE; DIETARY PROTEINS; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS; DIGESTION; DUODENUM; FERMENTATION; MALE; NITROGEN; RUMEN; UREA;

BOS;

EID: 67649422306     PISSN: 00071145     EISSN: 14752662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0007114508995672     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. National Research Council (1996) Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle 7th rev. ed. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
2. Mathis CP, Cochran RC, Heldt JS, Woods BC, Abdelgadir IEO, Olson KC, Titgemeyer EC & Vanzant ES (2000) Effects of supplemental degradable intake protein on utilization of medium-to low-quality forages. J Anim Sci 78, 224-232.
3. Bandyk CA, Cochran RC, Wickersham TA, Titgemeyer EC, Farmer CG & Higgins JJ (2001) Effect of ruminal vs postruminal administration of degradable protein utilization of low-quality forage by beef steers. J Anim Sci 79, 225-231.
4. Wickersham TA, Cochran RC, Titgemeyer EC, Farmer CG, Klevesahl EA, Arroquy JI, Johnson DE & Gnad DP (2004) Effect of postruminal protein supply on the response to ruminal protein supplementation in beef steers fed a low-quality grass hay. Anim Feed Sci Tech 115, 19-36.
5. Kennedy PM & Milligan LP (1980) The degradation and utilization of endogenous urea in the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants: A review. Can J Anim Sci 60, 205-221.
6. Egan AR & Moir RJ (1965) Nutritional status and intake regulation in sheep. I. Effects of duodenally infused single doses of casein, urea, and propionate upon voluntary intake of a low-protein roughage by sheep. Aust J Agric Res 16, 437-449.
7. Wickersham TA (2006) Effect of supplemental protein on nitrogen recycling in beef cattle consuming low-quality forage. PhD Thesis, Kansas State University.
8. Marsh WH, Fingerhut B & Miller H (1965) Automated and manual direct methods for the determination of blood urea. Clin Chem 11, 624-627.
9. Broderick GA & Kang JH (1980) Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. J Dairy Sci 63, 64-75.
10. 15N analysis from urinary and plasma components. Anal Biochem 123, 249-254.
11. Volk RJ & Jackson WA (1979) Preparing nitrogen gas for nitrogen-15 analysis. Anal Chem 51, 463-464.
12. Vanzant ES & Cochran RC (1994) Performance and forage utilization by beef cattle receiving increasing amounts of alfalfa hay as a supplement to low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage. J Anim Sci 72, 1059-1067.
13. 15N]-urea kinetics. Br J Nutr 84, 459-468.
14. Marini JC & Attene-Ramos MS (2006) An improved analytical method for the determination of urea nitrogen isotopomers in biological sample utilizing continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 20, 3736-3740.
15. Egan AR (1965) Nutritional status and intake regulation in sheep. II. The influence of sustained duodenal infusions of casein or urea upon voluntary intake of low-protein roughages by sheep. Aust J Agric Res 16, 451-462.
16. Garza JD, Owens FN & Welty S (1991) Effect of postruminal protein infusion on feed intake and utilization of low quality hay by beef steers. Okla Agric Exp Sta Res Rep MP-134, 106-113.
17. Daniel H, Vohwinkel M & Rehner G (1990) Effect of casein and β-casomorphins on gastrointestinal motility in rats. J Nutr 120, 252-257.
18. Kil SL & Froetschel MA (1994) Involvement of opioid peptides from casein on reticular motility and digesta passage in steers. J Dairy Sci 77, 111-123.
19. Froetschel MA (1996) Bioactive peptides in digesta that regulate gastrointestinal function and intake. J Anim Sci 74, 2500-2508.
20. Köster HH, Cochran RC, Titgemeyer EC, Vanzant ES, Abdelgadir I & St. Jean G (1996) Effect of increasing degradable intake protein on intake and digestion of low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage by beef cows. J Anim Sci 74, 2473-2481.
21. Olson KC, Cochran RC, Jones TJ, Vanzant ES, Titgemeyer EC & Johnson DE (1999) Effects of ruminal administration of supplemental degradable intake protein and starch on utilization of low-quality warm season grass hay by beef steers. J Anim Sci 77, 1016-1025.
22. Hunter RA & Siebert BD (1980) The utilization of spear grass ( Heteropogon contortus). IV. The nature and flow of digesta in cattle fed on spear grass alone and with protein or nitrogen or sulfur. Aust J Agric Res 31, 1037-1047.
23. Hennessy DW & Nolan JV (1988) Nitrogen kinetics in cattle fed a mature subtropical grass hay with and without protein meal supplementation. Aust J Agric Res 39, 1135-1150.
24. Archibeque SL, Burns JC & Huntington GB (2001) Urea flux in beef steers: effects of forage species and nitrogen fertilization. J Anim Sci 79, 1937-1943.
25. Marini JC & Van Amburgh ME (2003) Nitrogen metabolism and recycling in Holstein heifers. J Anim Sci 81, 545-552.
26. Archibeque SL, Burns JC & Huntington GB (2002) Nitrogen metabolism of beef steers fed endophyte-free tall fescue hay: Effects of ruminally protected methionine supplementation. J Anim Sci 80, 1344-1351.
27. Cocimano MR & Leng RA (1967) Metabolism of urea in sheep. Br J Nutr 21, 353-371.
28. Bunting LD, Boling JA & MacKown CT (1989) Effect of dietary protein level on nitrogen metabolism in the growing bovine: I. Nitrogen recycling and intestinal protein supply in calves. J Anim Sci 67, 810-819.
29. Thornton RF (1970) Factors affecting the urinary excretion of urea nitrogen in cattle II. The plasma urea nitrogen concentration. Aust J Agric Res 21, 145-152.
30. McIntyre KH (1971) The effects of continuous intravenous and intraruminal infusion of urea on nitrogen metabolism in sheep. Aust J Agric Res 22, 429-441.
31. Neutze SA, Kellaway RC & Faichney GJ (1986) Kinetics of nitrogen transfer across the rumen wall of sheep given a low-protein roughage. Br J Nutr 56, 497-507.
32. Ouellet DR, Demers M, Zuur G, Lobley GE, Seoane JR, Nolan JV & Lapierre H (2002) Effect of dietary fiber on endogenous nitrogen flows in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 85, 3013-3025.