The challenges of ensuring protection to unaccompanied and separated children in composite flows in Europe

Refugee Survey Quarterly

Volumn 27, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 63-73

  Feijen, Liv ^a  

^a UNHCR Regional Representation for the Baltic and Nordic Countries   (Sweden)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCESSIBILITY; ASYLUM SEEKER; BILATERAL AGREEMENT; CHILD WELFARE; HUMAN RIGHTS; IMMIGRATION POLICY; REFUGEE; TRAFFICKING; WELFARE PROVISION;

MEDITERRANEAN REGION; MEDITERRANEAN SEA;

EID: 67649306861     PISSN: 10204067     EISSN: 1471695X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/rsq/hdn049     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. W. Ayotte, Separated Children Coming to West Europe: Why They Travel and How They Arrive, Save the Children Fund, 2000, 81-82.
2. Available at: http://www.unhcr.org/statistics/STATISTICS/40f646444.pdf (last visited 4 Jul. 2008).
3. Available at: http://www.igc.ch/ (last visited 4 Jul. 2008). The countries studied included Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland.
4. W. Ayotte, Separated Children Coming to Western Europe, op. cit. 2, 82-85.
5. Council of Europe, "The Human Rights of Irregular Migrants in Europe", CommDH/IssuePaper, 17 Dec. 2007, 1.
6. These include the 1966 International Covenants on Civil and Political Rights and on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women; the 1984 Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; and the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child.
7. General Recommendation No. XXX on discriminatin against non-citizens, 2005, para. 3.
8. ECtHR, Mubilanzila Mayeka and Kaniki Mitunga v. Belgium, Application No. 13178/03, Judgment, 12 Oct. 2006.
9. Executive Committee Conclusion No. 47 (XXXVIII), 1987, on Refugee Children;Executive Committee Conclusion No. 59 (XL), 1989, on Refugee Children;Executive Committee Conclusion No. 84 (XLVIII), 1997, on Refugee Children and Adolescents; Executive Committee Conclusion on Children at Risk No. 107 (LVIII), 2007; Inter-Agency Guiding Principles on Unaccompanied and Separated Children, 2004
10. Separated Children in Europe Programme (SCEP), Statement of Good Practice, 3rd edn, 2004, available at: http://www.separated-children-europe-programme.org/separated_children/ good_practice/index.html (last visited 4 Jul. 2008)
11. UNHCR, Refugee Children: Guidelines on the Protection and Care, 1994
12. UNHCR, Guidelines on Policies and Procedures in dealing with Unaccompanied Children Seeking Asylum, Geneva, 1997.
13. S. Martin, The Legal and Normative Framework of International Migration, Global Commission on International Migration, Geneva, 2005, available at: http://www.gcim.org/attachements/TP9.pdf.
14. Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Common Standards and Procedures in Member States for Returning Illegally Staying Third-Country Nationals, available at: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2004_2009/documents/dv/ draftreturndirective/DraftReturnDirectiveen.pdf (last visited 4 Jul. 2008).
15. Save the Children and SCEP, Position paper on Returns and Separated Children, 2004.
16. SCEP, Statement of Good Practice, op. cit. 9.
17. Council of Europe, Parliamentary Assembly, Resolution of 8 Jul. 1992 on a European Charter of Rights of the Child, art. 8.8; Council of Europe, Parliamentary Assembly, Recommendation 1703 (2005), protection and assistance for separated children seeking asylum, Strasbourg, 28 Apr. 2005, available at: http://assembly.coe.int/Main.asp?link/Documents/ AdoptedText/ta05/EREC1703.htm (last visited 4 Jul. 2008); Council of the European Union, Directive 2003/9/EC of 27 Jan. 2003 laying down minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers, art. 19; Council of the European Union, Directive 2005/85/EC of 1 Dec. 2005 on minimum standards on procedures in Member States for granting and withdrawing refugee status, art. 17.
18. Committee on the Rights of the Child, General Comment No. 6 (2005), Treatment of Unaccompanied and Separated Children Outside their Country of Origin.
19. UNHCR, Guidelines on Policies and Procedures op. cit. 9, para. 7.6
20. SCEP, Statement of Good Practice, op. cit. 9.
21. Article 37 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child; UN Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty, 1990.