Influence of essential oils supplementation on digestion, rumen fermentation, rumen microbial populations and productive performance of dairy cows

Asian Journal of Animal Sciences

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 1-12

  Soltan, Mosaad Abd El Khalek ^a   Shewita, Ramadan Saeed ^a   Al Sultan, Saad I ^b  

^a Alexandria University   (Egypt)

^b KING FAISAL UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

Dairy cows; Essential oils; Milk production; Nutrient digestibility; Rumen fermentation

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); BOS; EUCALYPTUS; MENTHA; PROTOZOA;

EID: 67649224583     PISSN: 18191878     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3923/ajas.2009.1.12     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. AOAC, 1990. Official Methods of Analysis. 15th Edn., Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, Washington, USA., pp: 774-784.
2. Benchaar C, H.V. Petit, R. Berthiaume, D.R. Ouellet and J. Chi-Quette, 2003. Effects of essential oil supplement on ruminal fermentation, rumen microbial populations and in sacco degradation of dry matte rand nitrogen in the rumen of lactating dairy cows. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 83: 637-637.
3. Benchaar C, H.V. Petit, R. Berthiaume, T.D. Whyte and P.Y. Chouinaed, 2006a. Effects of dietary addition of essential oils and monensin premix on digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristics, milk production and milk composition in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 4352-4364.
4. Benchaar C, J.L. Duynisveld and E. Charmley, 2006b. Effects of monensin and increasing dose levels of a mixture of essential oil compounds on intake, digestion and growth performance of beef cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci., 86: 91-96.
5. Benchaar C, H.V. Petit, R. Berthiaume, D.R. Ouellet, J. Chiquette and P.V. Chouinard, 2007. Effects of essential oils on digestion, ruminal fermentation, ruminal microbial populations, milk production and milk composition in dairy cows fed alfalfa silage or corn silage. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 886-897.
6. Bligh E.G. and W.J. Dyer, 1959. Fat Extraction. (Cited by Pearson's chemical analysis of foods). 8th Edn., (1963).
7. Bryant, M.P. and L.A. Burkey, 1953. Cultural methods and some characteristics of some of the more numerous groups of bacteria in the bovine rumen. J. Dairy Sci., 36: 205-217.
8. Busqut M., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferret and C. Kamel, 2005. Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts and secondary plant metabolites on rumen microbial fermentation in continuous culture. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 123-124: 597-613.
9. Busquet M., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferret and C. Kamel, 2006. Plant extracts effect in vitro rumen microbial fermentation. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 761-771.
10. Cardozo P.W., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferret and C. Kamel, 2004. Effects of plant extract on ruminal protein degradation and fermentation profiles in continuous culture. J. Anim. Sci., 82: 3230-3236.
11. Cardozo P.W., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferret and C. Kamel, 2006. Effects of alfalfa extract, anise, capsicum and a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol on ruminal fermentation and protein degradation in beef hrifers fed a high-concentrate diet. J. Anim. Sci., 84: 2801-2808.
12. Castillejos L., S. Calsamiglia, A. Ferrer and L. Losa, 2005. Effects of a specific blend of eaaential oil compounds and the type of diet on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow from a continuous culture system. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 119: 29-41.
13. Castillejos L., S. Calsamiglia and A. Ferret, 2006. Effect of essential oil active compounds on rumen microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in vitro systems. J. Dairy Sci., 89: 2649-2658.
14. Dorman H.J. and S.G. Deans, 2000. Antimicrobial agents from plants: Antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J. Applied Microbiol., 88: 308-316.
15. Evans J.D. and S.A. Martin, 2000. Effects of thymol on ruminal microorganisms. Curr. Microbiol., 41: 336-340.
16. Fraser G.R., A.V. Chaves, Y. Wang, T.A. McAllister, K.A. Beauchemin and C. Benchaar, 2007. Assessment of the effects of cinnamon leaf oil on rumen microbial fermentation using two continuous culture systems. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 2315-2328.
17. Greathead H., 2003. Plants and plant extracts for improving animal productivity. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 62: 279-290.
18. Grubb J.A. and B.A. Dehority, 1976. Variation in colony counts of total viable anaerobic rumen bacteria as influenced by media and cultural methods. Applied Microbiol., 31: 262-267.
19. Hanson S.W.F. and J. Oily, 1963. Fat extraction. (Cited by Pearson's chemical analysis of foods). 8th Edn, (1963).
20. Hristov, A.N., T.A. McAllister, F.H. Van Herk, K.J. Cheng, C.J. Newbold and P.R. Cheeke, 1999. Effect of Yucca schidigera on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in heifers. J. Anim. Sci., 77: 2554-2563.
21. Hummelbrunner L.A. and M.B. Isman, 2001 Acute sublethal, antifeedant and synergistic effects of monoterpenoid essential oil compounds on the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lep., Noctuidae). J. Agric. Food Chem., 49: 715-720.
22. ISO., 1998. Animal Feeding Stuffs. Determination of acid insoluble ash (AIA), International Organization for Standardization, USA.
23. Koch, A.L., 1994. Colony Counts. In: Methods for General and Molecular Bacteriology, Gerhardt, P., R.G.E. Murray, W.A. Wood and N.R Krieg (Eds.). American Society for Microbiology, Washington DC.
24. Mann, S.O., 1968. An improved method for determining cellulolytic activity in anaerobic bacteria. J. Applied Bact., 31:241-244.
25. McInotch F.M., P. Williams, R. Losa, RJ. Wallace, D.A. Beever and C.J. Newbold, 2003. Effecis of essential oils on ruminal microorganisms and their protein metabolism. Applied Environ. Microbiol., 69: 5011-5014.
26. Molero R., M. Ibara, C. Caalsamiglia, A. Ferret and R. Losa, 2004. Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on dry matter and crude protein degradability in heifers fed diets with different forage to concentrate ratios. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 114: 91-104.
27. Newbold C.J., F.M. McInotch, P. Williams, R Losa and R.J. Wallace, 2004. Effects of a specific blend of essential oil compounds on rumen fermentation Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 114: 105-112.
28. NRC (National Research Council) 2001. Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Edn., The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. USA., ISBN: 0309069971, pp: 381.
29. Ogimoto K. and S. Imai, 1981. Techniques of Rumen Microbiology. Atls of Rumen Microbiology, Japan Scientific Societies Press, Tokyo, Japan.
30. Randhir, S. and K. Pradhan, 1981. Determination of Nitrogen and Protein by Kjeldahl Method: Forage Evaluation Science. 1st Edn., Pvt. Publishers Ltd., New Delhi, pp: 23.
31. SAS 1996. SAS Procedure Guide. Version 6.12, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA.
32. Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1960. Principles and Procedure of Statistics. McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc., New York.
33. Tatsouka, N., K. Hara, K. Mlkuni, K. Hara, H. Hashimoto and H. Itabashi, 2008. Effects of the essential oil cyclodextrin complexes on ruminal methane production in vitro. Anim. Sci. J., 79: 68-75.
34. Tedeschi L.O., D.G. Fox and T.P. Tyluki, 2003. Potential environmental benefits of ionophores in ruminant diets. J. Environ. Qual., 32: 1591-1602.
35. Wallace R.J., N.R. McEwan, F.M. McInotoch, B. Teferedegne and C.J. Newbold, 2002. Natural products as manipulators of rumen fermentation Asian Aust. J. Anim. Sci., 10: 1458-1468.
36. Wallace R.J., 2004. Antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 63: 621-629.
37. Wang Y., T.A. McAllister, L.J. Yanke, Z. Xu, P.R. Cheeke and K.J. Cheng, 2000. In vitro effects of steroidal saponins from Yucca schidigera extract on rumen microbial protein synthesis and ruminal fermentation. J. Sci. Food Agric., 80: 2114-2122.
38. Weatherburn M.W., 1967. Phenol-hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia. Anal. Chem., 39: 971-974.
39. Yang W.Z., C. Benchaar, B.N. Ametaj, AV. Chaves, M.L. He and T.A. McAllister, 2007. Effects of garlic and juniper berry essential oils on ruminal fermentation and on the site and extent of digestion in lactating cows. J. Dairy Sci., 90: 5671-5681.
40. Zafra M.A, F. Molina and A. Puerto, 2003. Effects of perivagal administration of capsaicin on post-surgical food intake. Autonomic Neurosci., 107: 37-44.