Through-the-wall SAR attributed scattering center feature estimation

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 47, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 1338-1348

  Ertin, Emre ^a   Moses, Randolph L ^a  

^a The Ohio State University   (United States)

Author keywords

Buildings; Feature extraction; Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation; Radar imaging; Radar signal processing

Indexed keywords

COMPLEX BUILDINGS; DIELECTRIC SURFACES; ESTIMATION ALGORITHMS; FEATURE ESTIMATIONS; FLOORPLAN; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD (ML) ESTIMATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATES; NONLINEAR MINIMIZATIONS; PRIMITIVE MODELS; RADAR SIGNAL PROCESSING; SCATTERING CENTERS; SPARSE RECONSTRUCTION; TWO STAGES; WALL EFFECTS;

BUILDINGS; COST FUNCTIONS; ESTIMATION; IMAGING SYSTEMS; MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION; MODEL STRUCTURES; RADAR ANTENNAS; RADAR IMAGING; SIGNAL PROCESSING; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR; SYNTHETIC APERTURES; THREE DIMENSIONAL; WALLS (STRUCTURAL PARTITIONS);

FEATURE EXTRACTION;

ALGORITHM; BUILDING; DIELECTRIC PROPERTY; ESTIMATION METHOD; INTERFEROMETRY; MODELING; RADAR IMAGERY; SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR;

EID: 67349224050     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2008.2008999     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. L. Frazier, "Surveillance through walls and other opaque materials," IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag., vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 6-9, Oct. 1996.
2. S. Borek, "An overview of through the wall surveillance for homeland security," in Proc. 34th Workshop Appl. Imagery Pattern Recog., Sep. 2005, pp. 42-47.
3. D. Falconer, R. Ficklin, and K. Konolige, "Robot-mounted through-wall radar for detecting, locating, and identifying building occupants," in Proc. IEEE ICRA, Mar. 2000, vol. 2, pp. 1868-1875.
4. A. Hunt, "Image formation through walls using a distributed radar sensor array," in Proc. 32nd Appl. Imagery Pattern Recog. Workshop, Sep. 2003, pp. 232-237.
5. F. Ahmad, M. Amin, and S. Kassam, "Synthetic aperture beamformer for imaging through a dielectric wall," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 271-283, Jan. 2005.
6. A. Lin and H. Ling, "Through-wall measurements of a Doppler and direction-of-arrival (DDOA) radar for tracking indoor movers," in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Soc. Int. Symp., Jun. 2005, vol. 3B, pp. 322-325.
7. F. Ahmad and M. Amin, "Noncoherent approach to through-the-wall radar localization," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 1405-1419, Oct. 2006.
8. G. Wang and M. Amin, "Imaging through unknown walls using different standoff distances," IEEE Trans. Signal Process., vol. 54, no. 10, pp. 4015-4025, Oct. 2006.
9. C.-P. Lai, Q. Ruan, and R. Narayanan, "Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) analysis of human activities using through-wall noise radar," in Proc. ISSSE, Jan. 2007, pp. 115-118.
10. F. Ahmad, M. Amin, and G. Mandapati, "Autofocusing of through-thewall radar imagery under unknown wall characteristics," IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 16, no. 7, pp. 1785-1795, Jul. 2007.
11. F. Ahmad and M. Amin, "High-resolution imaging using capon beamformers for urban sensing applications," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2007, vol. 2, pp. 985-988.
12. M. Dehmollaian and K. Sarabandi, "Refocusing through building walls using synthetic aperture radar," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 1589-1599, Jun. 2008.
13. R. J. Burkholder, P. Chang, Y. Bayram, R. Marhefka, and J. Volakis, "Model-based near-field imaging of objects inside a room," in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Int. Symp., May 2007, pp. 1469-1472.
14. F. Ahmad, Y. Zhang, and M. Amin, "Three-dimensional wideband beamforming for imaging through a single wall," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 176-179, Apr. 2008.
15. M. Dehmollaian and K. Sarabandi, "Analytical, numerical, and experimental methods for through-the-wall radar imaging," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Jan. 2008, pp. 5181-5184.
16. J. Delliere, H. Maitre, and A. Maruani, "SAR measurement simulation on urban structures using a FDTD technique," in Proc. Urban Remote Sens. Joint Event, Mar. 2007, pp. 1-8.
17. G. Franceschetti, A. Iodice, and D. Riccio, "A canonical problem in electromagnetic backscattering from buildings," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 1787-1801, Aug. 2002.
18. S. Ram and H. Ling, "Through-wall tracking of human movers using joint Doppler and array processing," IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 537-541, Jul. 2008.
19. F. Soldovieri, R. Solimene, A. Brancaccio, and R. Pierri, "Localization of the interfaces of a slab hidden behind a wall," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 45, no. 8, pp. 2471-2482, Aug. 2007.
20. M. Stowell, B. Fasenfest, and D. White, "Investigation of radar propagation in buildings: A 10-billion element Cartesian-mesh FETD simulation," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 2241-2250, Aug. 2008.
21. A. Thiele, E. Cadario, K. Schulz, U. Thoennessen, and U. Soergel, "Modeling and analyzing InSAR phase profiles at building locations," in Proc. IGARSS, Jun. 2007, pp. 5053-5056.
22. A. Thiele, E. Cadario, K. Schulz, U. Thoennessen, and U. Soergel, "Feature extraction of gable-roofed buildings from multi-aspect highresolution InSAR data," in Proc. IGARSS, Jun. 2007, pp. 262-265.
23. M. M. Nikolic, M. Ortner, A. Nehorai, and A. R. Djordjevic, "Radar estimation of building layouts using jump-diffusion," in Proc. 2nd IEEE Int. Workshop CAMPSAP, Nov. 2007, pp. 177-180.
24. N. Subotic, E. Keydel, J. Burns, A. Morgan, K. Cooper, B. Thelen, B. Wilson, W. Williams, S. McCarty, B. Lampe, B. Mosher, and D. Setterdahl, "Parametric reconstruction of internal building structures via canonical scattering mechanisms," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2008, pp. 5189-5192.
25. E. Ertin and R. L. Moses, "Through-the-wall SAR attributed scattering center feature estimation," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2008, pp. 5177-5180.
26. J. B. Keller, "Geometrical theory of diffraction," J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 116-130, Feb. 1962.
27. D. Rossi and A. Willsky, "Reconstruction from projections based on detection and estimation of objects - Parts I and II: Performance analysis and robustness analysis," IEEE Trans. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process., vol. ASSP-32, no. 4, pp. 886-906, Aug. 1984.
28. C. V. Jakowatz, D. E. Wahl, P. H. Eichel, D. C. Ghiglia, and P. A. Thompson, Spotlight-Mode Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Signal Processing Approach. Norwell, MA: Kluwer, 1996.
29. W. G. Carrara, R. S. Goodman, and R. M. Majewski, Spotlight Synthetic Aperture Radar. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1995.
30. D. E. Dudgeon, R. T. Lacoss, C. H. Lazott, and J. G. Verly, "Use of persistent scatterers for model-based recognition," Proc. SPIE, vol. 2230, pp. 356-368, Apr. 1994.
31. R. Moses, L. Potter, and M. Cetin, "Wide-angle SAR imaging," in Proc. SPIE Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XI, E. G. Zelnio, Ed., Apr. 2004, vol. 5427, pp. 164-175.
32. M. Gerry, L. Potter, I. Gupta, and A. van der Merwe, "A parametric model for synthetic aperture radar measurements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 1179-1188, Jul. 1999.
33. Image Recovery: Theory and Application, H. Stark, Ed. Orlando, FL: Academic, 1987.
34. M. Cetin and W. C. Karl, "Feature-enhanced synthetic aperture radar image formation based on nonquadratic regularization," IEEE Trans. Image Process., vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 623-631, Apr. 2001.
35. S. Wright, R. Nowak, and M. Figueiredo, "Sparse reconstruction by separable approximation," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2008, pp. 3373-3376.
36. K. Herrity, R. Raich, and A. Hero, "Blind deconvolution for sparse molecular imaging," in Proc. IEEE ICASSP, Mar. 2008, pp. 545-548.
37. N. Ramakrishnan, E. Ertin, and R. Moses, "Joint enhancement of multichannel SAR data," in Proc. SPIE Defense Security Symp - Algorithms for Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery XIV, Orlanda, FL, Apr. 2007, vol. 6568, p. 656 80B.
38. S. Theodoridis and K. Koutroumbas, Pattern Recognition. Orlando, FL: Academic, 2006.
39. D. P. Bertsekas, Nonlinear Programming. Belmont, MA: Athena Scientific, 1999.
40. R. J. Marhefka, "Numerical electromagnetic code Basic scattering code, (NEC-BSC version 4.2), user's manual," Ohio State Univ., ElectroScience Lab., Columbus, OH, 2000. Tech. Rep.
41. Y. Bayram, P. C. Chang, R. J. Burkholder, and J. L. Volakis, "Hybrid semi-analytical technique for modeling brick walls at high frequencies," in Proc. IEEE Antennas Propag. Int. Symp., May 2007, pp. 5359-5362.