Cloud and rain effects on AltiKa/SARAL ka-band radar altimeter-part I: Modeling and mean annual data availability

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing

Volumn 47, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 1806-1817

  Tournadre, Jean ^a   Lambin Artru, Juliette ^b   Steunou, Nathalie ^b  

^a IFREMER   (France)

^b CNES   (France)

Author keywords

Geophysical parameter estimates; Ka band altimeter; Rain and cloud impact

Indexed keywords

ALTIMETER DATA; ANALYTICAL MODEL; CLOUD DATA; COASTAL AREA; DATA AVAILABILITY; DATA LOSS; GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETER ESTIMATES; GEOPHYSICAL PARAMETERS; GLOBAL OCEAN; GLOBAL SCALE; INDIAN SPACE RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONS; INLAND WATERS; KA BAND; KA-BAND ALTIMETER; LINK BUDGETS; LIQUID WATER; MODEL RESULTS; NON-LINEARITY; RADAR ALTIMETERS; RADAR SIGNALS; RAIN CELLS; RAIN EFFECTS; TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS; VERTICAL RESOLUTION; WAVE FORMS; WAVE HEIGHTS; WIDE-BAND;

ANEROID ALTIMETERS; CLIMATOLOGY; CLOUDS; COASTAL ZONES; GEOPHYSICS; METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS; OCEAN ENGINEERING; OCEANOGRAPHY; RADAR; SPACE RESEARCH;

RAIN;

CLOUD; PRECIPITATION (CLIMATOLOGY); QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RADAR ALTIMETRY; SATELLITE IMAGERY; SPATIAL RESOLUTION;

EID: 67349200299     PISSN: 01962892     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2008.2010130     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (21)

1. P. Vincent, N. Steunou, E. Caubet, L. Phalippou, L. Rey, E. Thouvenot, and J. Verron, "AltiKa: A Ka-band altimetry payload and system for operational altimetry during the GMES period," Sensors, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 208-234, 2006.
2. J. Tournadre, "Estimation of rainfall from Ka-band altimeter data: Computation of waveforms in presence of rain," in Proc. IGARSS, vol. 1, Hamburg, Germany, Jun. 28-Jul. 2, 1999, pp. 197-199.
3. F. Ulaby, R. Moore, and A. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing Active and Passive: Fundamentals and Radiometry, vol. I. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1981.
4. F. Monaldo, J. Goldhirsh, and E. Walsh, "Altimeter height measurement error introduced by the presence of variable cloud and rain attenuation," J. Geophys. Res., vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 2345-2350, Feb. 1986.
5. G. D. Quartly, T. H. Guymer, and M. A. Srokosz, "The effects of rain on Topex radar altimeter data," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1209-1229, Dec. 1996.
6. J. Tournadre and J. C. Morland, "The effects of rain on TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 1117-1135, Sep. 1997.
7. J. Tournadre, "Determination of rain cell characteristics from the analysis of Topex altimeter echo waveforms," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 387-406, Apr. 1998.
8. G. D. Quartly, "Determination of oceanic rain rate and rain cell structure from altimeter waveform data. Part I: Theory," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1361-1378, Dec. 1998.
9. F. Nouël, J.-P. Berthias, M. Deleuze, A. Guitart, P. Laudet, A. Piuzzi, D. Pradines, C. Valorge, C. Dejoie, M.-F. Susini, and D. Taburiau, "Precise Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales orbits for TOPEX/POSEIDON: Is reaching 2 cm still a challenge?" J. Geophys. Res., vol. 99, no. C12, pp. 24 405-24419, Dec. 1994.
10. G. S. Brown, "The average impulse response of a rough surface and its applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. AP-25, no. 1, pp. 67-74, Jan. 1977.
11. D. E. Barrick, "Remote sensing of the troposphere," in Remote Sensing of Sea State by Radar, V. E. Derr, Ed. Washington DC: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1972, ch. 12, pp. 12.1-12.6.
12. D. Barrick and B. Lipa, "Analysis and interpretation of altimeter sea echo," Adv. Geophys., vol. 27, pp. 61-100, 1985.
13. F. T. Ulaby, R. K. Moore, and A. K. Fung, Microwave Remote Sensing: Fundamentals and Radiometry, vol. I. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1981.
14. J. Marshall and W M. Palmer, "The distribution of raindrops with size," J. Meteorol., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 165-166, Aug. 1948.
15. J. Goldhirsh and E. Walsh, "Rain measurements from space using a modified Seasat-type radar altimeter," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. AP-30, no. 4, pp. 726-733, Jul. 1982.
16. b relation in the calculation of rain attenuation," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. AP-26, no. 2, pp. 318-329, Mar. 1978.
17. ENVISAT RA2/MWR Products Handbook, J. Benveniste, Ed. Frascati, Italy: European Space Agency, ESRIN, 2002. PO-TN-ESR6RA-0050.
18. E. J. Walsh, F. M. Monaldo, and J. Goldhirsh, "Rain and cloud effects on a satellite dual-frequency radar altimeter system operating at 13.5 and 35 GHz," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., vol. GRS-22, no. 6, pp. 615-622, Nov. 1984.
19. W P. Menzel, R. A. Frey, B. A. Baum, and H. Zhang, "Cloud top properties and cloud phase algorithm theoretical basis document products: 06-L2, 08-D3, 08-E3, 08-M3," NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Washington DC, Tech. Rep. ATBD Reference Number: ATBD-MOD-05, 2006.
20. L. Amarouche, P. Thibaut, O. Zanife, J.-P. Dumont, P. Vincent, and N. Steunou, "Improving the Jason-1 ground retracking to better account for attitude effects," Mar. Geod., vol. 27, no. 1/2, pp. 171-197, 2004.
21. J. Tournadre, "Improved level-3 oceanic rainfall retrieval from dual-frequency spaceborne radar altimeter systems," J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol., vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 1131-1149, Aug. 2006.