Influence of molar mass distribution and long-chain branching on strain hardening of low density polyethylene

Rheologica Acta

Volumn 48, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 479-490

  Stadler, Florian J ^a,c   Kaschta, Joachim ^a   Münstedt, Helmut ^a   Becker, Florian ^b,d   Buback, Michael ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN   (Belgium)

^d BASF SE   (Germany)

Author keywords

Autoclave process; Elongational rheology; Long chain branching; Low density polyethylene; Molar mass distribution; Viscosity functions

Indexed keywords

AUTOCLAVE PROCESS; CAYLEY TREES; CONCENTRATION OF; HIGH PRESSURE; LABORATORY SCALE; LONG CHAIN BRANCHING; MOLAR MASS DISTRIBUTION; PROCESSING OPERATIONS; RHEOLOGICAL EXPERIMENT; SHEAR-RATE; SHEAR-THINNING BEHAVIOR; THERMOPLASTIC PROCESSING; VISCOSITY FUNCTION;

BOILERS; DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS; ELASTICITY; HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENES; PLASTICITY; PRESSURE VESSELS; RHEOLOGY; STRAIN HARDENING; THERMOPLASTICS; VISCOSITY;

LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENES;

EID: 67349198582     PISSN: 00354511     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00397-008-0334-8     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Bach A, Rasmussen HK, Hassager O (2003) Extensional viscosity for polymer melts measured in the filament stretching rheometer. J Rheol 47(2):429-441
2. Barroso VC, Ribeiro SP, Maia JM (2003) Stress relaxation after a step strain in uniaxial extension of polyisobutylene and polyethylene. Rheol Acta 42(4):345-354
3. Beer F, Capaccio G, Rose LJ (1999a) High molecular weight tail and long-chain branching in low density polyethylene. Polymer 80:2815-2822
4. Beer F, Capaccio G, Rose LJ (1999b) High molecular weight tail and long-chain branching in SRM 1476 polyethylene. J Appl Polym Sci 73(14):2807-2812
5. Buback M, Busch M, Lovis K, Mähling FO (1994) Development of a high-pressure high-temperature stirred vessel with incidence of light for continuous operation. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 66(4):510-513
6. Buback M, Busch M, Lovis K, Mähling FO (1995) Mini-pilot plant for continuous high pressure polymerisation. Chemie Ingenieur Technik 67(12):1652-1655
7. Buback M, Busch M, Lovis K, Mähling FO (1996) High-pressure free-radical copolymerization of ethene and butyl acrylate. Macromol Chem Phys 197(1):303-313
8. Burchard W (1974) Statistics of star-shaped molecules. II. Stars with polydisperse side chains. Macromolecules 7(6):841-846
9. Coll H, Gilding DK (1970) Universal calibration in gel-permeation chromatography: Study of polystyrene, poly(α-methylstyrene), and polypropylene. J Polym Sci B, Polym Phys 8:89-103
10. Dealy J, Larson RG (2006) Structure and rheology of molten polymers - from structure to flow behavior and back again. Hanser, Munich
11. Frater DJ, Mays JW, Jackson C (1997) Synthesis and dilute solution properties of divinylbenzene-linked polystyrene stars with mixed arm lengths: Evidence for coupled stars. J Polym Sci B, Polym Phys 35(1):141-151
12. Gabriel C, Lilge D (2006) Molecular mass dependence of the zero shear-rate viscosity of LDPE melts: Evidence of an exponential behaviour. Rheol Acta 45:992-1002
13. Gabriel C, Münstedt H (2002) Influence of long-chain branches in polyethylenes on linear viscoelastic flow properties in shear. Rheol Acta 41(3):232-244
14. Gabriel C, Münstedt H (2003) Strain hardening of various polyolefins in uniaxial elongational flow. J Rheol 47(3):619-630
15. Gabriel C, Kaschta J, Münstedt H (1998) Influence of molecular structure on rheological properties of polyethylenes I. Creep recovery measurements in shear. Rheol Acta 37(1):7-20
16. Hadjichristidis N, Xenidou M, Iatrou H, Pitsikalis M, Poulos Y, Avgeropoulos A, Sioula S, Paraskeva S, Velis G, Lohse DJ, Schulz DN, Fetters LJ, Wright PJ, Mendelson RA, Garcia-Franco CA, Sun T, Ruff CJ (2000) Well-defined, model long chain branched polyethylene. 1. Synthesis and characterization. Macromolecules 33(7):2424-2436
17. Laun HM, Münstedt H (1978) Elongational behaviour of a low density polyethylene melt I. Strain rate and stress dependence of viscosity and recoverable strain in the steady-state. Comparison with shear data. Influence of interfacial tension. Rheol Acta 17:415-425
18. Malmberg A, Gabriel C, Steffl T, Münstedt H, Löfgren B (2002) Long-chain branching in metallocene-catalyzed polyethylenes investigated by low oscillatory shear and uniaxial extensional rheometry. Macromolecules 35:1038-1048
19. Meissner J (1969) Rheometer for the study of mechanical properties of deformation of plastic melts under definite tensile stress. Rheol Acta 8(1):78-88
20. Münstedt H (1979) Elongational behavior of a low density polyethylene melt II. Transient behavior in constant stretching rate and tensile creep experiments. Comparison with shear data. Temperature dependence of the elongational properties. Rheol Acta 18:492-504
21. Münstedt H (1986) Polymerschmelzen. In: Kulicke W (ed) Fließverhalten von Stoffen und Stoffgemischen. Hüthig & Wepf, Basel, pp 238-279
22. Münstedt H, Auhl D (2005) Rheological measuring techniques and their relevance for the molecular characterization of polymers. J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 128(1):62-69
23. Münstedt H, Schwetz M, Heindl M, Schmidt M (2001) Influence of molecular structure on secondary flow of polyolefin melts as investigated by laser-Doppler velocimetry. Rheol Acta 40:384-394
24. Münstedt H, Steffl T, Malmberg A (2005) Correlation between rheological behaviour in uniaxial elongation and film blowing properties of various polyethylenes. Rheol Acta 45(1):14-22
25. Piau JM, Agassant JF (1996) Rheology for melt processing. Elsevier, Amsterdam
26. Piel C, Stadler FJ, Kaschta J, Rulhoff S, Münstedt H, Kaminsky W (2006) Structure-property relationships of linear and long-chain branched metallocene high-density polyethylenes and SEC-MALLS. Macromol Chem Phys 207(1):26-38
27. Podzimek S, Vlcek T, Johann C (2001) Characterization of branched polymers by size exclusion chromatography coupled with multiangle light scattering detector. I. Size exclusion chromatography elution behavior of branched polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 81(7):1588-1594
28. Rubio P, Wagner MH (2000) LDPE melt rheology and the pom-pom model. Polymer 92:245-259
29. Scholte TG, Meijerink NLJ, Schoffeleers HM, Brands AMG (1984) Mark-Houwink equation and GPC calibration for linear short-chain branched polyolefins, including polypropylene and ethylene-propylene copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 29:3763-3782
30. Schwetz M, Münstedt H, Heindl M, Merten A (2002) Investigations on the temperature dependence of the die entrance flow of various long-chain branched polyethylenes using laser-Doppler velocimetry. J Rheol 46(4):797-815
31. Stadler FJ, Bailly C (2008) A new method for the calculation of continuous relaxation spectra from dynamic-mechanical data. Rheol Acta doi: 10.1007/s00397-008-0303-2
32. Stadler FJ, Münstedt H (2008a) Terminal viscous and elastic rheological characterization of ethene-/α-olefin copolymers. J Rheol 52(3):697-712. doi: 10.1122/1.2892039
33. Stadler FJ, Münstedt H (2008b) Numerical description of shear viscosity functions of long-chain branched metallocene-catalyzed polyethylenes. J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 151:129-135. doi: 10.1016/ j.jnnfm.2008.01.010
34. Stadler FJ, Piel C, Kaminsky W, Münstedt H (2006a) Rheological characterization of long-chain branched polyethylenes and comparison with classical analytical methods. Macromol Symp 236(1):209-218
35. Stadler FJ, Piel C, Kaschta J, Rulhoff S, Kaminsky W, Münstedt H (2006b) Dependence of the zero shear-rate viscosity and the viscosity function of linear high density polyethylenes on the mass-average molar mass and polydispersity. Rheol Acta 45(5):755-764
36. Stadler FJ, Piel C, Klimke K, Kaschta J, Parkinson M, Wilhelm M, Kaminsky W, Münstedt H (2006c) Influence of type and content of very long comonomers on long-chain branching of ethene-/α-olefin copolymers. Macromolecules 39(4):1474-1482
37. Stadler FJ, Nishioka A, Stange J, Koyama K, Münstedt H (2007) Comparison of the elongational behavior of various polyolefins in uniaxial and equibiaxial flows. Rheol Acta 46(7):1003-1012. doi: 10.1007/ s00397-007-0190-y
38. Tackx P, Tacx JCJF (1998) Chain architecture of LDPE as a function of molar mass using size exclusion chromatography and multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS). Polymer 39(14):3109-3113
39. Utracki LA, Schlund B (1987) Linear low density polyethylenes and their blends. Part 2. Shear flow of LLDPE's. Polym Eng Sci 27(5):367-379
40. Wagner MH, Bastian H, Hachmann P, Meissner J, Kurzbeck S, Münstedt H, Langouche F (2000) The strain hardening behaviour of linear and long-chain-branched polyolefin melts in extensional flows. Rheol Acta 39:97-109
41. Wagner MH, Rubio P, Bastian H (2001) The molecular stress function model for polydisperse polymer melts with dissipative convective constraint release. J Rheol 45(6):1387-1412
42. Ye XN, Sridhar T (2001) Shear and extensional properties of three-arm polystyrene solutions. Macromolecules 34(23):8270-8277
43. Zimm BHM, Stockmayer WH (1949) The dimensions of molecules containing branching and rings. J Chem Phys 17(12):1301-1314