Effect of P3HT:PCBM concentration in solvent on performances of organic solar cells

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Volumn 93, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 1263-1267

  Baek, Woon Hyuk ^a   Yang, Hyun ^a   Yoon, Tae Sik ^a   Kang, C J ^a   Lee, Hyun Ho ^a   Kim, Yong Sang ^a  

^a Myong Ji University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Absorption; Crystallinity; Morphology; Organic solar cells; Phase separation

Indexed keywords

ACTIVE LAYER; BUTYRIC ACIDS; CONCENTRATION OF; CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE; CRYSTALLINITY; DRYING PROCESS; IN-CELL; INTERCHAIN INTERACTIONS; METHYL ESTERS; ORGANIC SOLAR CELL; ORGANIC SOLAR CELLS; PHOTOVOLTAIC PERFORMANCE; POLY (3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE); PREPARATION CONDITIONS;

ABSORPTION; CELL MEMBRANES; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); ESTERS; FATTY ACIDS; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE MODULATION; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; SOLAR CELLS; SOLVENTS; SPIN DYNAMICS;

PHASE SEPARATION;

EID: 67349162139     PISSN: 09270248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2009.01.019     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Gevorgyan S.A., and Krebs F.C. Bulk heterojunctions based on native polythiophene. Chem. Mater. 20 (2008) 4386-4390
2. Krebs F.C., and Spanggaard H. Significant improvement of polymer solar cell stability. Chem. Mater. 17 (2005) 5235-5237
3. Hauch J.A., Schilinsky P., Choulis S.A., Childers R., Biele M., and Brabec C.J. Flexible organic P3HT:PCBM bulk-heterojunction modules with more than 1 year outdoor lifetime. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 727-731
4. Yang X., Loos J., Veenstra S.C., Verhees W.J.H., Wienk M.M., Kroon J.M., Michels M.A.J., and Janssen R.A.J. Nanoscale morphology of high-performance polymer solar cells. Nano Lett. 5 (2005) 579-583
5. Katz E.A., Gevorgyan S., Orynbayev M.S., and Krebs F.C. Out-door testing and long-term stability of plastic solar cells. Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 36 (2006) 307-311
6. Krebs F.C., and Norrman K. Analysis of the failure mechanism for a stable organic photovoltaic during 10,000 h of testing. Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 15 (2007) 697-712
7. Krebs F.C. Air stable polymer photovoltaics based on a process free from vacuum steps and fullerenes. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 715-726
8. Krebs F.C., Spanggard H., Kjær T., Biancardo M., and Alstrup J. Large area plastic solar cell modules. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 138 (2007) 106-111
9. Lungenschmied C., Dennler G., Neugebauer H., Sariciftci S.N., Glatthaar M., Meyer T., and Meyer A. Flexible, long-lived, large-area, organic solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 379-384
10. Shaheen S.E., Radspinner R., Peyghambarian N., and Jabbour G.E. Fabrication of bulk heterojunction plastic solar cells by screen printing. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79 (2001) 2996-2998
11. Krebs F.C., Alstrup J., Spanggaard H., Larsen K., and Kold E. Production of large-area polymer solar cells by industrial silk screen printing, lifetime considerations and lamination with polyethyleneterephthalate. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 83 (2004) 293-300
12. Dennler G., Lungenschmied C., Neugebauer H., Sariciftci N.S., and Labouret A. Flexible, conjugated polymer-fullerene-based bulk-heterojunction solar cells: basics, encapsulation, and integration. J. Mater. Res. 20 (2005) 3224-3233
13. Strange M., Plackett D., Kaasgaard M., and Krebs F.C. Biodegradable polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 805-813
14. Winther-Jensen B., and Krebs F.C. High-conductivity large-area semi-transparent electrodes for polymer photovoltaics by silk screen printing and vapour-phase deposition. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 90 (2006) 123-132
15. Aernouts T., Vanlaeke P., Geens W., Poortmans J., Heremans P., Borghsa S., Mertensa R., Andriessenb R., and Leendersb L. Printable anodes for flexible organic solar cell modules. Thin Solid Films 451-452 (2004) 22-25
16. Lee J.Y., Connor S.T., Cui Y., and Peumans P. Solution-processed metal nanowire mesh transparent electrodes. Nano Lett. 8 (2008) 689-692
17. Hoppe H., and Sariciftci N.S. Morphology of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells. J. Mater. Chem. 16 (2006) 45-61
18. Bundgaard E., and Krebs F.C. Low band gap polymers for organic photovoltaics. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 91 (2007) 954-985
19. Günes S., Neugebauer H., and Sariciftci N.S. Conjugated polymer-based organic solar cells. Chem. Rev. 107 (2007) 1324-1338
20. Jørgensen M., Norrman K., and Krebs F.C. Stability/degradation of polymer solar cells. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 92 (2008) 686-714
21. Thompson B.C., and Fréchet J.M.J. Polymer-fullerene composite solar cells. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47 (2008) 58-77
22. Kim J.Y., Lee K., Coates N.E., Moses D., Nguyen T., Dante M., and Heeger A.J. Efficient tandem polymer solar cells fabricated by all-solution processing. Science 317 (2007) 222-225
23. Li G., Shrotriya V., Yao Y., and Yang Y. Investigation of annealing effects and film thickness dependence of polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene). J. Appl. Phys. 98 (2005) 043704
24. 61 blends. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 (2005) 083506
25. Ma W., Yang C., Gong X., Lee K., and Heeger A.J. Thermally stable, efficient polymer solar cells with nanoscale control of the interpenetrating network morphology. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15 (2005) 1617-1622
26. Padinger F., Rittberger R.S., and Sariciftci N.S. Effects of postproduction treatment on plastic solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 13 (2003) 85-88
27. Ma W., Kim J.Y., Lee K., and Heeger A.J. Effect of the molecular weight of poly(3-hexylthiophene) on the morphology and performance of polymer bulk heterojunction solar cells. Macromol. Rapid. Commun. 28 (2007) 1776-1780
28. Schilinsky P., Asawapirom U., Scherf U., Biele M., and Brabec C.J. Influence of the molecular weight of poly(3-hexylthiophene) on the performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells. Chem. Mater. 17 (2005) 2175-2180
29. Yamanari T., Taima T., Hara K., and Saito K. Investigation of optimum conditions for high-efficiency organic thin-film solar cells based on polymer blends. J. Photochem. Photobiol. Chem. 182 (2006) 269-272
30. Chirvase D., Parisi J., Hummelen J.C., and Dyakonov V. Influence of nanomorphology on the photovoltaic action of polymer-fullerene composites. Nanotechnology 15 (2004) 1317-1323
31. Wei Q., Nishizawa T., Tajima K., and Hashimoto K. Self-organized buffer layer in organic solar cells. Adv. Mater. 20 (2008) 2211-2216
32. Kim D.H., Park Y.D., Jang Y., Yang H., Kim Y.H., Han J.I., Moon D.G., Park S., Chang T., Chang C., Joo M., Ryu C.Y., and Cho K. Enhancement of field-effect mobility due to surface-mediated molecular ordering in regioregular polythiophene thin film transistor. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15 (2005) 77-82
33. 3 as gate dielectric for organic transistors: charge transport phenomena in poly-(3-hexylthiophene) based devices. Org. Electron. 9 (2008) 198-208
34. Rispens M.T., Meetsma A., Rittberger R., Brabec C.J., Sariciftci N.S., and Hummelen J.C. Influence of the solvent on the crystal structure of PCBM and the efficiency of MDMO-PPV 'plastic' solar cells. Chem. Commun. 17 (2003) 2116-2118
35. Kim Y., Choulis S.A., Nelson J., and Bradley D.D.C. Device annealing effect in organic solar cells with blends of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) and soluble fullerene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 86 (2005) 063502
36. 2 nanocomposite solar cells. Chem. Phys. Lett. 384 (2004) 372-375
37. Chu C.W., Yang H., Hou W.J., Huang J., Li G., and Yang Y. Control of the nanoscale crystallinity and phase separation in polymer solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92 (2008) 103306
38. Li G., Shirotriya V., Huang J., Yao Y., Moriarty T., Emery K., and Yang Y. High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. Nat. Mater. 4 (2005) 864-868
39. Li G., Yao Y., Yang H., Shirotriya V., Yang G., and Yang Y. "Solvent annealing" effect in polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and methanofullerenes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 17 (2007) 1636-1644
40. Lim K.C., Fincher Jr. C.R., and Heeger A.J. Rod-to-coil transition of conjugated polymer in solution. Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 (1983) 1934-1937
41. Hotta S., Rughooputh S.D.D.V., and Heeger A.J. Conducting polymer composites of soluble polythiophenes in polystyrene. Synth. Met. 22 (1987) 79-87
42. Inganas O., Salaneck W.R., Osterholm J.E., and Laakso J. Thermochromic and solvatochromic effects in poly(3-hexylthiophene). Synth. Met. 22 (1988) 395-406
43. Sirringhaus H., Tessler N., and Friend R.H. Integrated optoelectronic devices based on conjugated polymers. Science 280 (1998) 1741-1744
44. Sirringhaus H., Brown P.J., Friend R.H., Nielsen M.M., Bechgaard K., Langeveld-Voss B.M.W., Spiering A.J.H., Janssen R.A.J., Meijer E.W., Herwig P., and de Leeuw D.M. Two-dimensional charge transport in self-organized, high-mobility conjugated polymers. Nature 401 (1999) 685-688
45. Cornil J., Beljonne D., Calbert J.P., and Bredas J.L. Interchain interactions in organic π-conjugated materials: Impact on electronic structure, optical response, and charge transport. Adv. Mater. 13 (2001) 1053-1067