Applications of Fractals in the Study of Humic Materials

Biophysical Chemistry of Fractal Structures and Processes in Environmental Systems

Volumn 11, Issue , 2008, Pages 221-238

  Rice, James A ^a  

^a SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Fractal approach and higher order structural organization; Geochemistry of humic materials and fractal approach; Humic material and fractal study; Humic material fractal approach study; Humin fractal organo mineral composite; International Humic Substances Society (IHSS); Microscopy technique and fractal study; Natural organic matter (NOM)

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS;

FRACTAL APPROACH; FRACTAL STUDIES; HIGHER-ORDER; HUMIC MATERIALS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; NATURAL ORGANIC MATTERS;

FRACTALS;

EID: 67349136661     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470511206.ch7     Document Type: Chapter

References (59)

1. Stevenson, F.J. (1982). Humus Chemistry. JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd, New York.
2. Kononova, M.M. (1966). Soil Organic Matter, Nowakowski, T.A. and Newman, A.C.D. (transl.). Pergamon Press, Oxford.
3. Orlov, D.S. (1985). Humus Acids of Soils. Kothekar, V. (transl.)., A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam.
4. Thurman, E.M. (1985). Organic Geochemistry of Natural Waters. Martinus Nijhoff/ Dr Junk, Dordrecht.
5. Aiken, G.R., McKnight, D.M., Wershaw, R.L. and MacCarthy, P. (eds). (1985). Humic Substances in Soil, Sediment, and Water. JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd, New York.
6. Rice, J.A. and MacCarthy, P. (1991). Statistical evaluation of the elemental composition of humic substances. Org. Geochem., 17, 635-648.
7. Rice, J.A. (1988). Studies on humus. I. Statistical studies on the elemental composition of humus; II. The humin fraction. PhD dissertation, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO.
8. MacCarthy, P. and Rice, J.A. (1985). Spectroscopic methods (other thanNMR)for determining functionality in humic substances. In Humic Substances in Soil, Sediment, and Water: Geochemistry, Isolation, and Characterization, Aiken, G.R., McKnight, D.M., Wershaw, R.L. and MacCarthy, P. (eds). JohnWiley&Sons, Ltd, NewYork, pp. 527-559.
9. Hayes, M.H.B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R.L. and Swift, R.S. (1989). Structures of humic substances: the emergence of 'forms'. In Humic Substances II. In Search of Structure, Hayes, M.H.B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R.L. and Swift, R.S. (eds).Wiley-Interscience, Chichester, pp. 689-733.
10. Swift, R.S. (1985). Fractionation of soil humic substances In Humic Substances in Soil, Sediment, and Water: Geochemistry, Isolation, and Characterization, Aiken, G.R., McKnight, D.M., Wershaw, R.L. and MacCarthy, P. (eds). JohnWiley & Sons, Ltd, New York, pp. 387-408.
11. Rice, J.A. and MacCarthy, P. (1990). A model of humin. Environ. Sci. Technol., 24, 1875-1877.
12. MacCarthy, P. and Rice, J.A. (1991).An ecological rationale for the heterogeneous nature of humic substances. In Scientists on Gaia, Schneider S. and Boston, P.J. (eds). MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 339-345.
13. Wershaw, R.L. (1993). Model for humus in soils and sediments. Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 814-816.
14. Piccolo, A. (2001). The supramolecular structure of humic substances. Soil Sci., 166, 810-832.
15. Tombácz, E. (2002). Interfacial and colloidal properties of humic substances. Magy. Kem. Foly. Kem. Kozl., 108, 435-443.
16. Ren, S.-Z., Tombácz, E. and Rice, J.A. (1996). Dynamic light scattering from fractals in solution: Application of dynamic scaling theory to humic acid. Phys. Rev. E, 53, 2980-2983.
17. Raper J.A. and Amal, R. (1993). Measurement of aggregate fractal dimension using static light scattering. Part. Part. Syst. Charact., 10, 239-245.
18. Tombácz, E., Rice, J.A. and Ren, S.-Z. (1997). Fractal structure of polydisperse humic acid particles in solution studied by scattering methods. ACH Models Chem., 134, 877-888.
19. Rice, J.A., Tombácz, E. and Malekani, K. (2000). Applications of light and X-ray scattering to characterize the fractal properties of soil organic matter. In Fractals in Soil Science, Developments in Soil Science 27, Pachepsky, Ya.A., Crawford, J.W. and Rawls, W.J. (eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 161-174.
20. Rice, J.A. and Lin, J.S. (1993). Fractal nature of humic materials. Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 413-414.
21. Rice, J.A. and Lin, J.S. (1994). Fractal dimensions of humic materials. In Humic Substances in the Global Environment and Implications on Human Health, Senesi, N. and Miano, T.M. (eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 115-120.
22. Dékány, I., Szekeres, M., Marosi, Balázs, T.J. andTombácz, E. (1994). Interaction between ionic surfactants and soil colloids: adsorption, wetting and structural properties. Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 95, 73-90.
23. Malekani, K., Lin, J.S. and Rice, J.A. (1997). Fractal characterization of the surface of the humin fraction of soil organic matter. In Fractal Frontiers, Novak, M.M. and Dewey, T.G. (eds).World Scientific, Singapore, pp. 367-381.
24. Malekani, K., and Rice, J.A. (1997). Fractal character of humin and its components. Fractals, 5, 83-100.
25. Malekani, K., Lin, J.S. and Rice, J.A. (1997). The effect of sequential organic matter removal on the surface morphology of humin. Soil Sci., 162, 333-342.
26. Österberg, R. (1992). Fractal dimensions of humic acids: a small angle neutron scattering study. Eur. Biophys. J., 21, 163-167.
27. Österberg, R. and Mortensen, K. (1994). The growth of fractal humic acids: cluster correlation and gel formation. Radiat. Environ. Biophys., 33, 269-276.
28. Österberg, R., Szajdak, L. and Mortensen, K. (1994). Temperature-dependent restructuring of fractal humic acids: a proton-dependent process. Environ. Int., 20, 77-80.
29. Österberg, R. and Mortensen, K. (1994). Fractal geometry of humic acids. Temperaturedependent restructuring studied by small-angle neutron scattering. In Humic Substances in the Global Environment and Implications on Human Health, Senesi, N. and Miano, T.M. (eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, 127-132.
30. Österberg, R. and Mortensen, K. and Ikai, A. (1995). Direct observation of humic acid clusters, a nonequilibrium system with a fractal structure. Naturwissenschaften, 82, 137-139.
31. Österberg, R. (2002). Fractal structure and reactions of the two-phase humic acid system. Trends Geochem., 2, 95-99.
32. Homer, V.J. (1998). Fractal probes of humic aggregation: scattering techniques for fractal dimension determinations. In Fractals in Soil Science, Baveye, P., Parlange, J.-Y. and Stewart, B.A. (eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 75-112.
33. Senesi, N., Lorusso, G.F., Miano, T.M., Maggipinto, G., Rizzi, F.R. and Capozzi, V. (1994). The fractal dimension of humic substances as a function of pH by turbidity measurements. In Humic Substances in the Global Environment and Implications on Human Health, Senesi, N. and Miano, T.M. (eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 121-126.
34. Senesi, N., Rizzi, F.R., Dellino, P. and Acquafredda, P. (1996). Fractal dimension of humic acids in aqueous suspension as a function of pH and time. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 60, 1773-1780.
35. Senesi, N., Rizzi, F.R., Dellino, P. and Acquafredda, P. (1997) Fractal humic acids in aqueous suspensions at various concentrations, ionic strengths, and pH values. Colloids Surf. A, 127, 57-68.
36. Costa da Silva, A., Sa Mendonca, E. and Reis, C. (2003). Fractal dimension of humic acids in different experimental conditions. Quim. Nova, 26, 344-346.
37. Costa da Silva, A., Sa Mendonca, E. and Reis, C. (2000). Fractal dimension of humic acids. Rev. Brasil. Cienc. Solo, 24, 759-766.
38. Costa da Silva, A. (2000). Fractal dimension of humic acids by turbidimetry. Rev. Ceres, 47, 103-112.
39. Schmidt, P. (1989). Use of scattering to determine the fractal dimension. In The Fractal Approach to Heterogeneous Chemistry, Avnir, D. (ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, pp. 67-79.
40. Martin, J.E. and Hurd, A.J. (1987). Scattering from fractals. J. Appl. Crystallogr., 20, 61-78.
41. Chen, Y. and Schnitzer, M. (1989). Sizes and shapes of humic substances by electron microscopy. In Humic Substances II. In Search of Structure, Hayes, M.H.B., MacCarthy, P., Malcolm, R.L. and Swift, R.S. (eds).Wiley-Interscience, Chichester, pp. 621-638.
42. Rizzi, F.R., Stoll, S., Senesi, N. and Buffle, J. (2004).Atransmission electron microscopy study of the fractal properties and aggregation processes of humic acids. Soil Sci., 169, 765-775.
43. Senesi, N. (1994). The fractal approach to the study of humic substances. In Humic Substances in the Global Environment and Implications on Human Health, Senesi, N. and Miano, T.M. (eds). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 3-41.
44. Senesi, N. (1999). Aggregations patterns and macromolecular morphology of humic substances: a fractal approach. Soil Sci., 164, 841-856.
45. Amal, R., Raper, J.A. and Waite, T.D. (1992). Effect of fulvic acid adsorption on the aggregation kinetics and structure or hematite particles. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 151, 244-257.
46. Schmidt, C., Thieme, J., Neuhausler, U., Schulte-Ebbert, U., Abbt-Braun, G., Specht, G. and Jacobsen, C. (2000). Association of particles and structures in the presence of organic matter. In AIP Conference Proceedings, 507 (X-Ray Microscopy). American Institute of Physics, pp. 313-318.
47. Waite, T.D., Amal, R., Ngo, H. and Vigneswaran, S. (1993). Effects of adsorbed organic matter on size, structure and filterability of iron oxyhydroxide flocs.Water Sci. Technol., 27, 133-142.
48. Sokolowska, Z. and Sokolowski, S. (1999). Influence of humic acid on surface fractal dimension of kaolin: analysis of mercury porosimetry and water vapour adsorption data. Geoderma, 88, 233-249.
49. Ghosh, K. and Schnitzer, M. (1980). Macromolecular structures of humic substances. Soil Sci., 129, 266-276.
50. Guetzloff, T.F. and Rice, J.A. (1994). Does humic acid form a micelle? Sci. Total Environ., 152, 31-35.
51. Rizzi, F.R., Stoll, S., Senesi, N. and Buffle, J. (2004).Atransmission electron microscopy study of the fractal properties and aggregation processes of humic acids. Soil Sci., 169, 765-775.
52. Rice, J.A. and MacCarthy, P. (1988). Comments on the literature of the humin fraction of humus. Geoderma, 43, 65-73.
53. Meakin, P. (1988). Fractal aggregates. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 28, 249-331.
54. Campbel, W.L. and Malcolm, R.J. (1985). Preparation, homogenization, and storage of earth standards used and distributed by the International Humic Substances Society. Org. Geochem., 8, 109.
55. Swift, R.S. (1996). Organic matter characterization. In Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods. SSSA Book Series No. 5. Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI, pp. 1011-1069.
56. Baas Becking, L.G.M., Kaplan, I.R. and Moore, D. (1960). Limits of the natural environment in terms of pH and oxidation-reduction potentials. J. Geol., 68, 243-284.
57. Dachs, J. and Bayona, J.M. (1997). Langmuir-derived model for diffusion-and reactionlimited adsorption of organic compounds on fractal aggregates. Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 2754-2760.
58. Dachs, J. and Eisenreich, S.J. (2001). Adsorption and partitioning of organic compounds onto/into fractal sorbents. Langmuir, 17, 2553-2557.
59. 19F NMR investigation of hexafluorobenzene sorption to soil organic matter. Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 204-210.