The trojan women

Journal of the Early Republic

Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 445-475

  Repousis, Angelo ^a  

^a TEMPLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 67249111086     PISSN: 02751275     EISSN: 15530620     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. For more on the school and its curriculum see Alma Lutz, Emma Willard: Pioneer Educator of American Women (Boston, 19G4)
2. and John Lord, The Life of Emma Willard (New York, 1873). On the subject of higher education for women see Linda K. Kerber, "'Why Should Girls Be Learn'd and Wise?' Two Centuries of Higher Education for Women as Seen Through the Unfinished Work of Alice Mary Baldwin," in Women and Higher Education in American History, ed. John Mack Faragher and Florence Howe (New York, 1988), 18-42;
3. and Barbara Miller Solomon, In the Company of Educated Women: A History of Women and Higher Education in America (New Haven, CT, 1986).
4. S. J. Kleinberg, Women in the United States: 1830-1945 (New Brunswick, NJ, 1999), 8C;
5. and Celia Morris, Fanny Wright: Rebel in America (Cambridge, MA, 1984).
6. See Anne Firor Scott, "The Ever Widening Circle: The Diffusion of Feminist Values from the Troy Female Seminary, 1822-1872," History of Education Quarterly, 19 (Spring 1979), 3-5;
7. Nina Baym, "Women and the Repuhlic: Emma Willard's Rhetoric of History," American Quarterly, 43 (Mar. 1991), 2;
8. Mary Kelley, "Reading Women/Women Reading: The Making of Learned Women in Antebellum America," Journal of American History, 83 (Sept. 1996), 403-406. For more on the concept of "republican motherhood"' see Linda K. Kerber, Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideals in Revolutionary America (Chapel Hill, NC, 1980).
9. Emma Willard, Advancement of Female Education: or a Series of Addresses in Favor of Establishing in Athens, in Greece, a Female Seminary, especially designed to Instruct Female Teachers (Troy, 1833), 29.
10. See Lori D. Ginzberg, Women and the Work of Benevolence: Morality, Politics, and Class in the Nineteenth-Century United States (New Haven, CT, 1990). 8-9.
11. Nancy A. Hewitt, Women's Activism and Social Change: Rochester, New York, 1822-1872 (Ithaca, NY, 1984):
12. Mary P. Ryan, Cradle of the Middle Class: Tlie Family in Oneida County, New York, 1790-1865 (Cambridge, 1981);
13. and Nancy Cott, The Bonds of Womanhood: "Woman's Sphere" in New England, 1780-1835 (New Haven and London, 1977).
14. Willard, Advancement of Female Education, 33.
15. and Patricia Ruth Hill's The World Their Household: The American Women's Foreign Mission Movement and Cultural Transformation, 1870-1920 (Ann Arbor, MI, 1984).
16. Edward Everett, "Politics of Ancient Greece," North American Revinv, 18 (April 1824), 401-402.
17. For more on America's efforts to aid the Greeks see Steven Larrabee, Hellas Observed: The American Experience of Greece, 1775-1865 (New York, 1957), especially ch. 3-6;
18. Myrtle Cline, American Attitude Toward the Greek War of Independence, 1821-1828 (Atlanta, GA, 1930);
19. and Paul Coiistantine Pappas, The United States and the Greek War for Independence, 1821-1828 (Boulder, CO, 1985).
20. Marius Byron Raizis and Alexander Papas, American Poets and the Greek Revolution (Thessaloniki, 1972), 9.
21. Howe to Willard, Aug. 20, 1834, reprinted in American Ladies' Magazine (Oct. 1834), 460.
22. P. E. Shaw, American Contacts with the Eastern Churches, 1820-1870 (Chicago, IL, 1937);
23. Scott, "Ever Widening Circle," 6-7;
24. Baym, "Women and the Republic," 5;
25. and Lutz, Emma Willard, 27-34,38-39.
26. and Lutz, Emma Willard, 45-59.
27. and Lord, Life of Emma Willard, 162-64.
28. See Willard, Advancement of Female Education, 20-24, 33;
29. For more on this nascent American Hellenism see Winterer, Culture of Classicism, 62-67.
30. For more on this impulse to "revive ancient Athens" see Roessel, In Byrot's Shadow, especially ch. 1.
31. Clinton Rossiter, The American Quest, 1790-1860: An Emerging Xation in Search of Identity, Unity, and Modernity (New York, 1971), 123-35.
32. Willard, Advancement of Female Education, 29, 33.
33. William R. Hutcliinson, Errand to the World: American Protestant Thought and Foreign Missions (Chicago, IL, 1987), especially ch. 2;
34. Joseph Conforti, "David Brainerd and the Nineteenth Century Missionary Movement," Journal of the Early Republic, 5 (Fall 1985), 318;
35. Alan Heimert, Religion and the American Mind from the Great Awakening to the Revolution (Cambridge, MA, 1966);
36. O. W. Elsbree, The Rise of the Missionary Spirit in America, 1790-1815 (Williamsport, PA, 1928);
37. and Sydney E. Ahlstrom, A Religious History of the American People (New Haven, CT, 1972).
38. Laura McCall, "'Shall I Fetter Her Will?' Literary Americans Confront Feminine Submission, 1820-1860," Journal of the Early Republic, 21 (Spring 2001), 95.
39. Roessel, In Byron's Shadow, 59-68.
40. Phelps, Address on the Subject of Female Education in Greece.
41. Winterer, Culture of Classicism, 22-24.
42. Phelps, "Address on the Subject of Female Education in Greece," in American Ladies' Magazine, 6 (Oct. 1833), 467-68.
43. Lord, Life of Willard, 166-69, 177-79;
44. See also a letter from a lady of Dedham, Massachusetts to Hale, in idem, 6 (Sept. 1833), 424.
45. These ideas are more fully developed in Emily S. Rosenberg, "Consuming Women: Images of Americanization in the 'American Century,'" Diplomatic History, 23 (Summer 1999), 479-97.
46. See Phelps's Address on the Subject of Female Education in Greece.
47. See John H. Hill and Frances M. Hill to Emma Willard, Athens, Sept. 7, 1833, and Eunice Pawling to Frances Hill, Troy, Oct. 17, 1833, published in the American Ladies' Magazine, 7 (Oct. 1834), 448-53.
48. Mrs. Willard Reviewed, 2-12.
49. See John Lloyd Stephens, Incidents of Travel in Greece, Turkey, Russia, and Poland (2 vols., New York, 1838), I, 63-67; and American Ladies' Magazine, 7 (1834), 370-72.
50. See also Bolzau, Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, 409-10;
51. and Larrabee, Hellas Observed, 200.
52. For more on Willard's life after she left the Troy Seminary see Lutz, Emma Willard; Lord, Life of Emma Willard; Scott, '"Ever Widening Circle," 3-25;
53. and Baym, "Women and the Republic," 1-23.