Producing triacetylglycerol with glycerol by two steps: Esterification and acetylation

Fuel Processing Technology

Volumn 90, Issue 7-8, 2009, Pages 988-993

  Liao, Xiaoyuan ^a,b   Zhu, Yulei ^a,c   Wang, Sheng Guang ^a   Li, Yongwang ^a,c  

^a INSTITUTE OF COAL CHEMISTRY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

^c SYNFUELS CHINA CO   (China)

Author keywords

Acetic acid; Acetylation; Esterification; Glycerol; Resins

Indexed keywords

ACID ANHYDRIDE; AMBERLYST 35; CONVERSION RATES; HIGH SELECTIVITY; MOLAR RATIO; OPTIMAL CONDITIONS; REACTION CONDITIONS; RECYCLING EXPERIMENTS; TWO STEP METHOD;

ACETIC ACID; ACETYLATION; ACIDS; CATALYSIS; CATALYSTS; ESTERIFICATION; ESTERS; METAL ANALYSIS; OPTIMIZATION; PH EFFECTS; RESINS; SILICATE MINERALS; ZEOLITES;

GLYCEROL;

EID: 67149134917     PISSN: 03783820     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.03.015     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Zhou C.-H., Beltramini J.N., Fan Y.-X., and Lu G.Q. Chemoselective catalytic conversion of glycerol as a biorenewable source to valuable commodity chemicals. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37 (2008) 527-549
2. Kawashima A., Matsubara K., and Honda K. Acceleration of catalytic activity of calcium oxide for biodiesel production. Bioresour. Technol. 100 (2009) 696-700
3. C.-W. Chiu, Catalytic Conversion of Glycerol to Propylene Glycol: Synthesis and Technology Assessment. University of Missouri-Columbia Ph.D Dissertation (2006) Page 1.
4. Dunn R.O., and Bagby M.O. Low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based diesel fuels: Transesterified methyl esters and petroleum middle distillate/ester blends. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 72 (1995) 895-903
5. McCormick R.L., Alleman T.L., Ratcliff M., Moens L., and Lawrence R. Survey of the quality and stability of biodiesel and biodiesel blends in the United States in 2004. Technical Report of NREL/TP 540-38836 (Oct. 2005)
6. Garcia E., Laca M., Perez E., Garrido A., and Peinado J. New class of acetal derived from glycerin as a biodiesel fuel component. Energy Fuel 22 (2008) 4274-4280
7. Noureddini H., Dailey W.R., and Hunt B.A. Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Research and Publications (1998)
8. H. Noureddini, U.S. Patent 6015440 (2001).
9. J. Delgado, U.S. Patent 0167681 (2003).
10. B. Delfort, I. Duran, A. Jaecker, T. Lacome, X. Montagne, F. Paille, U.S. Patent 6890364 (2005).
11. B. Delfort, G. Hilion and I. Durand, FR Patent 2866654 (2004).
12. Melero J.A., van Grieken R., Morales G., and Paniagua M. Acidic mesoporous silica for the acetylation of glycerol: synthesis of bioadditives to petrol fuel. Energy Fuels 21 (2007) 1782-1791
13. Y. Taguchi, A. Oishi, Y. Ikeda, K. Fujita, T. Masuda, JP Patent 298099 (2000).
14. H. Nabeshima, K. Ito, JP Patent 276787 (1995).
15. P. Hofmann, DE Patent 3512497 (1985).
16. S. Nomura, T. Hyoshi, JP Patent 203429 (1995).
17. B. Delfort, G. Hillion, I. Durand, FR Patent 2866654 (2004).
18. J. Delgado, SP Patent 2201894 (2002).
19. European Standard EN 14214. Automotive Fuels. Fatty Acid Methylesters (FAME) for Diesel Engines. Requirements and Test Methods (2003)
20. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D6751. Standard Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blend Stock (B100) for Middle Distillate Fuels, Dec. 2001.
21. Goncalves V.L.C., Pinto B.P., Silva J.C., and Mota C.J.A. Acetylation of glycerol catalyzed by different solid acids. Catal. Today 133 (2008) 673-677
22. N. Bremus, G. Dieckelmann, L. Jeromin, W. Rupilius and H. Schutt, US Patent 4381407 (1983).
23. Peters T.A., Benes N.E., Holmen A., and Keurentjes J.T.F. Comparison of commercial solid acid catalysts for the esterification of acetic acid with butanol. Appl. Catal. A 297 (2006) 182-188
24. Özbay N., Oktar N., and Tapan N.A. Esterification of free fatty acids in waste cooking oils (WCO): role of ion-exchange resins. Fuel 87 (2008) 1789-1798
25. http://www.amberlyst.com/sba.htm, Dec., (2008).
26. Corma A., Garcia H., Iborra S., and Primo J. Modified faujasite zeolites as catalysts in organic reactions: esterification of carboxylic acids in the presence of HY zeolites. J. Catal. 120 (1989) 78-87
27. Kirumakki S.R., Nagaraju N., and Narayanan S. A comparative esterification of benzyl alcohol with acetic acid over zeolites Hβ, HY and HZSM5. Appl. Catal. A 273 (2004) 1-9
28. Girolamo M.D., Lami M., Marchionna M., Pescarollo E., Tagliabue L., and Ancillotti F. Liquid-phase etherification/dimerization of isobutene over sulfonic acid resins. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 36 (1997) 4452-4458
29. Parra D., Izquierdo J.F., Cunill F., Tejero J., Iborra M., and Fite C. Catalytic activity of acidic ion exchange resins in methyl tert-butyl ether liquid phase synthesis. Proceedings of the First European Congress on Chemical Engineering, Florence, Italy vol. 4 (1997) 3001-3004
30. Freese U., Heinrich F., and Roessner F. Acylation of aromatic compounds on H-beta zeolites. Catal. Today 49 (1999) 237-244
31. Iglesia O., Mallada R., Menendez M., and Coronas J. Continuous zeolite membrane reactor for esterification of ethanol and acetic acid. Chem. Eng. J. 131 (2007) 35-39