Lichenometric dating: A commentary, in the light of some recent statistical studies

Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography

Volumn 91, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 61-69

  Bradwell, Tom ^a  

^a BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 67049107920     PISSN: 04353676     EISSN: 14680459     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-0459.2009.00354.x     Document Type: Note

References (75)

1. Anda, E., Orheim, O. and Mangerud, J., 1985: Late Holocene glacier variations and climate at Jan Mayen. Polar Research, 3: 129-145.
2. André, M.F., 1986: Dating slope deposits and estimating rates of rock wall retreat in Northwest Spitsbergen by lichenometry. Geografiska Annaler, 68(A): 65-75.
3. Armstrong, R.A., 1973: Seasonal growth and growth rate-colony size relationships in six species of saxicolous lichens. New Phytologist, 72: 1023-1030.
4. Armstrong, R.A., 1976: The influence of the frequency of wetting and drying on the radial growth of three saxicolous lichens in the field. New Phytologist, 77: 719-724.
5. Armstrong, R.A., 2002: The effect of rock surface aspect on growth, size structure and competition in the lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 48: 187-194.
6. Armstrong, R.A., 2006: Seasonal growth of the crustose lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. in South Gwynedd, Wales. Symbiosis, 41: 97-102.
7. Armstrong, R.A. and Bradwell, T., 2001: Variation in hypothallus width and the growth of the lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC. Symbiosis, 30: 317-328.
8. Armstrong, R.A. and Welch, A.R., 2007: Competition in lichen communities. Symbiosis, 43: 1-12.
9. Bakke, J., Dahl, S.O., Paasche, O., Lovlie, R. and Nesje, A., 2005: Glacier fluctuations, equilibrium-line altitudes and palaeoclimate in Lyngen, northern Norway, during the Lateglacial and Holocene. The Holocene: 15: 518-540.
10. Ballantyne, C.K., 1990: The Holocene glacial history of Lyngshalvøya, northern Norway: Chronology and climatic implications. Boreas, 19: 93-117.
11. Benedict, J.B., 1967: Recent glacial history of an Alpine area in the Colorado Front Range, USA. 1: Establishing a lichen growth curve. Journal of Glaciology, 6: 817-832.
12. BenedictG J.B., 1985: Arapaho Pass: glacial geology and archaeology at the crest of the Colorado Front Range. Center for Mountain Archaeology, Ward, Colorado, Research Reports, 3: 1-197.
13. Benedict, J.B., 1990: Experiments on lichen growth. I. Seasonal patterns and environmental controls. Arctic and Alpine Research, 22: 244-254.
14. Benedict, J.B., 1999: Effects of changing climate on game-animal and human use of the Colorado High Country (U.S.A) since 1000BC. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research, 31: 1-15.
15. Benedict, J.B., 2009: LichAnometry for archeologists: a review. American Antiquity, 74: X-xx.
16. Beschel, R.E., 1950: Flechten als Altersmassstab rezenter Moräen. Zeitschrift für Gletscherkunde und Glazialgeologie, 1: 152-161.
17. Beschel, R.E., 1958: Lichenometrical studies in West Greenland. Arctic, 11: 254.
18. Beschel, R.E., 1961: Dating rock surfaces by lichen growth and its application to glaciology and physiography (lichenometry). In: G. O. Raasch (ed.): Geology of the Arctic (Proceeding of the First International Symposium on Arctic Geology), Vol. 2. University of Toronto Press, Toronto: 1044-1062.
19. Bickerton, R.W. and Matthews, J.A., 1992: On the accuracy of lichenometric dates: An assessment based on the 'Little Ice Age' moraine sequence at Nigardsbreen, southern Norway. The Holocene, 2: 227-237.
20. Birkeland, P.W., 1973: The use of relative dating methods in a stratigraphic study of rock glacier deposits, Mt Sopris, Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research, 5: 401-416.
21. Bradwell, T., 2004: Lichenometric datTng in southeast Iceland: the size-frequency approach. Geografiska Annaler, 86A: 31-41.
22. Bradwell, T. and Armstrong, R.A., 2007: Growth rates of Rhizocarpon geographicum: A review with new data from Iceland. Journal of Quaternary Science, 22: 311-320.
23. Bradwell, T., Dugmore, D.J. and Sugden, D.E., 2006: The Little Ice Age glacier maximum in Iceland and the North Atlantic Oscillation: Evidence from Lambatungnajökull, southeast Iceland. Boreas, 35: 61-80.
24. Broadbent, N.D. and Berqvist, K.I., 1986: Lichenometric chronology and archaeological features on raised beaches: Preliminary results from the Swedish north Bothnian coastal region. Arctic and Alpine Research, 18: 297-306.
25. Bull, W.B., 1996: Dating San Andreas fault earthquakes with lichenometry. Geology, 24: 111-114.
26. Bull, W.B. and Brandon, M.T., 1998: Lichen dating of earthquake-generated regional rockfall events, Southern Alps, New Zealand. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 110: 60-84.
27. Bull, W.B., King, J., Kong, F., Moutoux, T. and Phillips, W.M., 1994: Lichen dating of coseismic landslide hazards in alpine mountains. Geomorphology, 10: 253-264.
28. Caseldine, C.J., 1991: Lichenometric dating, lichen population studies and Holocene glacial history in Tröllaskagi, Northern Iceland. In: Maizels, J.K. and Caseldine, C.J. (eds): Environmental Change in Iceland: Past and Present. Kluwer, Dordrecht. 219-233.
29. Cook-Talbot, J.D., 1991: Sorted circles, relative-age dating and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction in an alpine periglacial environment, eastern Jotunheimen, Norway: Lichenometric and weathering-based approaches. The Holocene, 1: 128-141.
30. Cooley, D., Naveau, P., Jomelli, V., Rabatel, A. and Grancher, D., 2006: A Bayesian hierarchical extreme value model for lichenometry. Environmetrics, 17: 555-574.
31. Evans, D.J.A., Butcher, C. and Kirthisingha, A.V., 1994: Neoglaciation and an early Little Ice Age in western Norway: Lichenometric evidence from the Sandane area. The Holocene, 4: 278-289.
32. Evans, D.J.A., Archer, S. and Wilson, D.J.H., 1999: Acomparison of the lichenometric and Schmidt hammer dating techniques based on data from the proglacial areas of some Icelandic glaciers. Quaternary Science Reviews, 18: 13-41.
33. Faegri, K., 1934: Über die Längenvariationen einiger Gletscher des Jostedalsbre und die dadurch bedingten Pflanzensukzessionen. Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1993: 137-142.
34. Gordon, J.E. and Sharp, M., 1983: Lichenometry in dating recent glacial landforms and deposits, southeast Iceland. Boreas, 12: 191-200.
35. Grab, S., van Zyl, C. and Mulder, N., 2005: Controls on basalt terrace formation in the eastern Lesotho Highlands. Geomorphology, 67: 473-485.
36. Gudmundsson, H.J., 1998: Holocene glacier fluctuations of the Eiríksjökull ice cap, west central Iceland. Jökull, 46: 17-28.
37. Haines-Young, R.H., 1988: Size-frequency and size-density relationships in populations from the Rhizocarpon sub-genus Cern. on moraine slopes in southern Norway. Journal of Biogeography, 15: 863-878.
38. Innes, J.L., 1983a: The development of lichenometric dating curves for Highland Scotland. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences, 74: 23-32.
39. Innes, J.L., 1983b: Size-frequency distributions as a lichenometric technique: An assessment. Arctic and Alpine Research, 15: 285-294.
40. Innes, J.L., 1984: The optimal sample size in lichenometric studies. Arctic and Alpine Research, 16: 233-244.
41. Innes, J.L., 1986a: The use of percentage cover measurements in lichenometric dating. Arctic and Alpine Research, 18: 209-216.
42. Innes, J.L., 1986b: The size-frequency distributions of the lichens Sporastatia testudinea and Rhizocarpon alpicola through time at Storbreen, south-west Norway. Journal of Biogeography, 13: 283-291.
43. Jomelli, V., Grancher, D., Naveau, P., Cooley, D. and Brunstein, D., 2007: Assessment study of lichenometric methods for dating surfaces. Geomorphology, 86: 131-143.
44. Jomelli, V., Grancher, D., Brunstein, D. and Solomina, O., 2008: Recalibration of the yellow Rhizocarpon growth curve in the Cordillera Blanca (Peru) and implications for LIA chronology. Geomorphology, 93: 201-212.
45. Jonasson, C., Kot, M. and Kotarba, A. 1991: Lichenometrical studies and dating of debris flow deposits in the High Tatra Mountains, Poland. Geografiska Annaler, 73(A): 141-146.
46. Kirkbride, M.P. and Dugmore, A.J., 2001: Can lichenometry be used to date the 'Little Ice Age' glacial maximum in Iceland? Climatic Change, 48: 151-167.
47. Kugelmann, O., 1991: Dating recent glacier advances in the Svarfaoardalur-Skioadalur area of northern Iceland by means of a new lichen curve. In: Maizels, J.K. and Caseldine, C. (eds): Environmental Change in Iceland: Past and Present. Kluwer, Dordrecht: 203-217.
48. Locke, W.W., Andrews, J.T. and Webber, P.J., 1979. A manual for lichenometry. British Geomorphological Research Group Technical Bulletin 26.
49. Loso, M.G. and Doak, D.F., 2006: The biology behind lichenometric dating curves. Oecologia, 147: 223-229.
50. Macklin, M.G., Rumsby, B.T. and Heap, T., 1992: Flood alluviation and entrenchment: Holocene valley floor development and transformation in the British Uplands. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 104: 631-643.
51. Matthews, J.A., 1975: Experiments on the reproducibility and reliability of lichenometric dates, Storbreen gletschervorfeld, Jotunheimen, Norway. Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, 29: 97-109.
52. Matthews, J.A., A994: Lichenometric dating: a review with particular reference to 'Little Ice Age' moraines in southern Norway. In: Beck, C. (ed.) Dating in Surface Contexts. New Mexico University Press. Albuquerque: 185-212.
53. Matthews, J.A., 2005: 'Little Ice Age' glacier variations in Jotunheimen, southern Norway: A study in regionally controlled lichenometric dating of recessional moraines with implications for climate change and lichen growth rates. The Holocene, 15: 1-19.
54. McCarroll, D., 1993: Modelling late-Holocene snow-avalanche activity; incorporating a new approach to lichenometry. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 18: 527-539.
55. McCarroll, D., 1994: A newDapproach to lichenometry: dating single-age and diachronous surfaces. The Holocene, 22: 383-396.
56. McCarroll, D., Shakesby, R.A. and Matthews, J.A., 2001: Enhanced rockfall activity during the Little Ice Age: Further lichenometric evidence from a Norwegian talus. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 12: 157-164.
57. McCarthy, D.P., 1999: A biological basis for lichenometry? Journal of Biogeography, 26: 379-386.
58. McCarthy, D.P. and Zaniewski, K., 2001: Digital analysis of lichen cover: A technique for use in lichenometry and lichenology. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 33: 107-113.
59. McKinzey, K., Orwin, J. and Bradwell, T., 2004: Re-dating the moraines at Heinabergsjokull and Skalafellsjökull using different lichenometric methods: Implications for the timing of the Icelandic Little Ice Age maximum. Geografiska Annaler, 86A: 319-336.
60. Müller, G., 2006: Lichenometry and environmental history. Environmental History 11: 604-609.
61. Naveau, P., Nogaja, M., Ammann, C., Yiou, P., Cooley, D. and Jomelli, V., 2005: Statistical methods for the analysis of geophysical extreme events. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, 337: 1013-1022.
62. Naveau, P., Jomelli, V., Cooley, D. and Rabatel, A., 2007: Modeling uncertainties in lichenometry studies with an application: The Tropical Andes (Charquini Glacier in Bolivia). Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 39: 277-285.
63. Noller, J.S. and Locke, W.W., 2001: Lichenometry. In: Noller, J.S. et al. (eds): Quaternary Geochronology: Methods and Applications. American Geophysical Union, Washington DC: 261-272.
64. Orwin, J.F., McKinzey, K.M., Stephens, M.A. and Dugmore, A.J., 2008: Identifying moraine surfaces with similar histories using lichen size distributions and the U 2 statistic, southeast Iceland. Geografiska Annaler, 90A: 151-164.
65. Principato, S.M., 2008: Geomorphic evidence for Holocene glacial advances and sea level fluctuations on eastern Vestfirdir, northwest Iceland. Boreas, 37: 132-145.
66. Proctor, M.C.F., 1983: Sizes and growth-rates of thalli of the lichen Rhizocarpon geographicum on the moraines of the Glacier de Valsorey, Valais, Switzerland. The Lichenologist, 15: 249-261.
67. Rabatel, A., Jomelli, V., Francou, B., Naveau, P. and Grancher, D., 2005: Dating the Little Ice Age in the tropics from the moraines of Charquini Glaciers (Andes of Bolivia, 16°S). Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, 337: 1311-1322.
68. Rapp, A. and Nyberg, R., 1981: Alpine debris flows in Northern Scandinavia. Geografiska Annaler, 63: 183-196.
69. Solomina, O. and Calkin, P.E., 2003: Lichenometry as applied to moraines in Alaska, USA and Kamchatka, Russia. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 35: 129-143.
70. Thompson, A. and Jones, A., 1986: Rates and causes of proglacial river terrace formation in southwest Iceland: An application of lichenometric dating techniques. Boreas, 15: 231-246.
71. Watson, G.S., 1961: Goodness-of-fit tests on a circle. Biometrika, 48: 109-114.
72. Winchester, V., 1984: A proposal for a new approach to lichenometry. British Geomorphological Research Group, Technical Bulletin, 33: 3-20.
73. Winchester, V., 1988: An assessment of lichenometry as a method for dating recent stone movements in two stone circles in Cumbria and Oxfordshire. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 96: 57-68.
74. Winchester, V. and Chaujar, R.K., 2002: Lichenometric dating of slope movements, Nant Ffrancon, North Wales. Geomorphology, 47: 61-74.
75. Winkler, S., Matthews, J.A., Shakesby, R.A. and Dresser, P.Q., 2003: Glacier variations in Breheimen, southern Norway: Dating Little Ice Age moraine sequences at seven low-altitude glaciers. Journal of Quaternary Science, 18: 359-413.