Establishing public health security in a postwar Iraq: Constitutional obstacles and lessons for other federalizing states

Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 381-399

  Wilson, Kumanan ^a   Fidler, David P ^b   McDougall, Christopher W ^c   Lazar, Harvey ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA   (Canada)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^d QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GOVERNMENT; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; HUMAN RIGHTS; IRAQ; LAW; PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE; REVIEW; SOCIAL SECURITY; WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION;

CONSTITUTION AND BYLAWS; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT; HUMANS; IRAQ; IRAQ WAR, 2003 -; PUBLIC HEALTH; PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION;

EID: 66949167019     PISSN: 03616878     EISSN: 15271927     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1215/03616878-2009-004     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Abdul-Zahra, Q. 2006. Iraq Forms Panel on Constitution Changes. Associated Press. September 25. www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/09/25/ap/world/ mainD8KBTL1G2.shtml.
2. Alkhuzai, A. H., I. J. Ahmad, M. J. Hweel, T. W. Ismail, H. H. Hasan, A. R. Younis, O. Shawani, et al. 2008. Violence-Related Mortality in Iraq from 2002 to 2006. New England Journal of Medicine 358:484-493.
3. Alphonso, C., and G. York. 2003. Canadian Health Officials Rapped by WHO. Globe and Mail, June 13, national edition.
4. Anderson, G. 2005. Shaping a New Iraq: The Stakes in This Election Are Large. Ottawa: Forum of Federations. December 14. www.forumfed.org/pubs/ Anderson-Iraq-e.pdf.
5. Ascherio, A., R. Chase, T. Cote, G. Dehaes, E. Hoskins, J. Laaouej, M. Passey, S. Qaderi, S. Shuqaidef, M. C. Smith, et al. 1992. Effect of the Gulf War on Infant and Child Mortality in Iraq. New England Journal of Medicine 327:931-936.
6. Baker, M. G., and D. P. Fidler. 2006. Global Public Health Surveillance under New International Health Regulations. Emerging Infectious Diseases 12:1058-1165.
7. Brancati, D. 2004. Can Federalism Stabilize Iraq? Washington Quarterly 27 (2): 7-21.
8. Brown, N. J. 2005. The Final Draft of the Iraqi Constitution: Analysis and Commentary. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. September 16. www.carnegieendowment.org/publications/index.cfm?fa=view&id=17423.
9. Bruno, G. 2007. Plans for Iraq's Future: Federalism, Separatism, and Partition. New York: Council on Foreign Relations. www.cfr.org/publication/ 14547/plans-for-iraqs-future.html.
10. Bureau of International Organization Affairs. 2005. U.S. Statement for the Record Concerning the World Health Organization's Revised International Health Regulations. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State.
11. Burnham, G., R. Lafta, S. Doocy, and L. Roberts. 2006. Mortality after the 2003 Invasion of Iraq: a Cross-sectional Cluster Sample Survey. Lancet 368:1421-1428. (Pubitemid 44573446)
12. Campbell, A. 2004. Problem 7: Poor Coordination with Federal Government. The SARS Commission Interim Report: SARS and Public Health In Ontario. Toronto: Government of Ontario.
13. Fidler, D. P. 2004a. Constitutional Outlines of Public Health's "New World Order." Temple Law Review 77:247-289.
14. -. 2004b. Germs, Governance, and Global Public Health in the Wake of SARS. Journal of Clinical Investigation 113:799-804.
15. -. 2005. From International Sanitary Conventions to Global Health Security: The New International Health Regulations. Chinese Journal of International Law 325-392.
16. -. 2007. A Pathology of Public Health Securitism: Approaching Pandemics as Security Threats. In Governing Global Health: Challenge, Response, Innovation, ed. A. Cooper, J. Kirton, and T. Schrecker, 41-66. Aldershot, U.K.: Ashgate Publishers.
17. Final Draft Iraqi Constitution. 2005. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). www.portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ files/20704/11332732681iraqi-constitution-en.pdf/iraqi-constitution-en.pdf (accessed January 5, 2009).
18. Forum of Federations. 2007. Federalism by Country. www.forumfed.org/en/ federalism/by-country/index.php (accessed January 5, 2009).
19. Gostin, L. O. 2001. Public Health Theory and Practice in the Constitutional Design. Health Matrix 11:265-326.
20. -. 2004. International Infectious Disease Law: Revision of the World Health Organization's International Health Regulations. Journal of the American Medical Association 291:2623-2627.
21. Howse, G. 2004. Managing Emerging Infectious Diseases: Is a Federal System an Impediment to Effective Laws? Australia New Zealand Health Policy, November 19. www.anzhealthpolicy.com/content/1/1/7.
22. Ni'ma, S. A., A. A. K. Imad, A. A. M. Faiza, D. M. Simpson, R. L. Mott, and B. Kirkup. 2003. Vaccination Services in Postwar Iraq, May 2003. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 52:734-735.
23. Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia. 2007. National Health Security Bill 2007. www.aph.gov.au/Library/pubs/BD/2007-08/08bd053.pdf (accessed January 5, 2009).
24. Spiegel, P. B., P. Le, M. T. Ververs, and P. Salama. 2007. Occurrence and Overlap of Natural Disasters, Complex Emergencies and Epidemics During the Past Decade (1995-2004). Conflict and Health, March 1. www.conflictandhealth.com/ content/1/1/2.
25. The State of National Governance Relative to the New International Health Regulations. 2006. Institute of Intergovernmental Relations, Queens University. www.queensu.ca/iigr/Res/phf/06-2.html (accessed August 15, 2008).
26. Stout, D. 2005. Former FEMA Chief Blames Local Officials for Failures. New York Times, Sept 27.
27. Telford, H. 2003. The Federal Spending Power in Canada: Nation-Building or Nation-Destroying? Publius 33:23-44.
28. United Nations Security Council. 2007. Report of the Secretary-General Pursuant to Paragraph 6 of Resolution 1770 (2007). October 15. New York: United Nations. daccessdds.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N07/534/52/PDF/N0753452.pdf? OpenElement.
29. Valenciano, M., D. Coulombier, B. Lopes Cardozo, A. Colombo, M. J. Alla, S. Samson, and M. A. Connolly. 2003. Challenges for Communicable Disease Surveillance and Control in Southern Iraq, April-June 2003. Journal of the American Medical Association 290:654-658. (Pubitemid 37430487)
30. Valenciano, M., A. Pinto, D. Coulombier, E. Hashorva, and M. Murthi. 1999. Surveillance of Communicable Diseases among the Kosovar Refugees in Albania, April-June 1999. Eurosurveillance 4 (9): 92-95.
31. Waldman, R., and G. Martone. 1999. Public Health and Complex Emergencies: New Issues, New Conditions. American Journal of Public Health 89:1483-1485. (Pubitemid 29457899)
32. WHO Representative's Office in Iraq. 2007. Mid-Week Situation Report on Cholera in Iraq. November 8. Geneva: WHO. www.emro.who.int/iraq/pdf/sitrep-33. pdf.
33. Wilson, A. J. 1995. Chandrika's "Devolution Proposals." October 27. www.tamilnation.org/conflictresolution/tamileelam/cbkproposals/95wilson. htm.
34. Wilson, K. 2006. Pandemic Threats and the Need for New Emergency Legislation in Canada. Healthcare Policy/Politiques de Santé 2 (2):35-42.
35. Wilson, K., and H. Lazar. 2005. Planning for the Next Pandemic Threat: Defining the Federal Role in Public Health Emergencies. IRPP Policy Matters 6 (5): 1-36.
36. Wilson, K., J. McCrea-Logie, and H. Lazar. 2004. Understanding the Impact of Intergovernmental Relations on Public Health: Lessons from Reform Initiatives in the Blood System and Health Surveillance. Canadian Public Policy 30:177-194. (Pubitemid 39073777)
37. Wilson, K., C. McDougall, D. P. Fidler, and H. Lazar. 2008. Strategies for Implementing the New International Health Regulations in Federal Countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 86:215-220.
38. Wilson, K., C. McDougall, and R. Upshur. 2006. The New International Health Regulations and the Federalism Dilemma. PLoS Medicine December 20. medicine.plosjournals.org/perlserv/?request=get-document&doi=10. 1371%2Fjournal.pmed.0030001. (Pubitemid 43200628)
39. World Health Organization (WHO). 2005a. Fifty-eighth World Health Assembly Resolution: Revision of the International Health Regulations. May 16. Geneva: WHO. www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf-files/WHA58/A58-4-en.pdf.
40. -. 2005b. Annex 2. Decision Instrument for the Assessment and Notification of Events That May Constitute a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. www.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf-files/WHA58/A58-4-en.pdf (accessed August 15, 2008).
41. -. 2006. Iraq Annual Report. Geneva: WHO.
42. -. 2007. Cholera in Iraq - Update 3. October 3. www.who.int/csr/don/2007- 10-03/en/index.html.