Management of traumatic brain injury: First link in chain of survival

Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine

Volumn 76, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 138-144

  Minardi, Joseph ^a   Crocco, Todd J ^a  

^a WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Clinical management; Prehospital; Review; Traumatic brain injury

Indexed keywords

DEXTRAN; MANNITOL; RINGER LACTATE SOLUTION; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

AIRWAY DYNAMICS; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; BRAIN HERNIA; BRAIN PERFUSION; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; EMERGENCY CARE; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; EYE EXAMINATION; FLUID RESUSCITATION; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; HUMAN; HYPERVENTILATION; HYPOTENSION; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE; LUNG VENTILATION; MENTAL HEALTH; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OXYGENATION; PULSE OXIMETRY; REVIEW; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; TREATMENT PLANNING; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; BLOOD PRESSURE MEASUREMENT; BRAIN INJURY; COMORBIDITY; ENCEPHALOCELE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FLUID THERAPY; METHODOLOGY; OXIMETRY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PUPIL DISEASE; SURVIVAL; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VISUAL SYSTEM EXAMINATION;

BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION; BRAIN INJURIES; CAUSALITY; COMORBIDITY; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES, OPHTHALMOLOGICAL; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; ENCEPHALOCELE; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FLUID THERAPY; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; HUMANS; OXIMETRY; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PUPIL DISORDERS; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 66849111545     PISSN: 00272507     EISSN: 19317581     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/msj.20105     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. Brain Trauma Foundation. Guidelines for prehospital management of severe traumatic brain injury. Prehosp Emerg Care 2007; 12(suppl): S1-S51.
2. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Traumatic brain injury. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/factsheets/tbi.htm#cost. Accessed August 2008.
3. Moppett IK. Traumatic brain injury: assessment, resuscitation and early management. Br J Anaesth 2007; 99: 18-31.
4. Chesnut RM, Marshall LF, Klauber MR, et al. The role of secondary brain injury in determining outcome from severe head injury. J Trauma 1993; 34: 216-222.
5. Chi JH, Knudson MM, Vassar MJ, et al. Prehospital hypoxia affects outcome. J Trauma 2006; 61: 1134-1141.
6. Dunford JV, Davis DP, Ochs M, et al. Incidence of transient hypoxia and pulse rate reactivity during paramedic rapid sequence intubation. Ann Emerg Med 2003; 42: 721-728.
7. Barton CW, Hemphill JC, Morabito D, Manley G. A novel method of evaluating the impact of secondary brain insults on functional outcomes in traumatic braininjured patients. Acad Emerg Med 2005; 12: 1-6.
8. Baxt WG, Moody P. The impact of advanced prehospital emergency care on the mortality of severely brain-injured patients. J Trauma 1987; 27: 365-369.
9. Servadei F, Nasi MT, Cremonini AM, et al. Importance of a reliable admission Glasgow Coma Scale score for determining the need for evacuation of posttraumatic subdural hematomas: a prospective study of 65 patients. J Trauma 1998; 44: 868-873.
10. Winchell RJ, Hoyt DB. Endotracheal intubation in the field improves survival in patients with severe head injury. Trauma Research and Education Foundation of San Diego. Arch Surg 1997; 132: 592-597.
11. Bazarian JJ, Eirich MA, Salhanick SD. The relationship between pre-hospital and emergency department Glasgow Coma Scale scores. Brain Inj 2003; 17: 553-560.
12. Lane PL, B'aez AA, Brabson T, et al. Effectiveness of a Glasgow Coma Scale instructional video for EMS providers. Prehospital Disaster Med 2002; 17: 142-146.
13. Jiang JY, Gao GY, Li WP, et al. Early indicators of prognosis in 846 cases of severe traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2002; 19: 869-874.
14. Davis DP, Hoyt DB, Ochs M, et al. The effect of paramedic rapid sequence intubation on outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2003; 54: 444-453.
15. Davis DP, Ochs M, Hoyt DB, et al. Paramedicadministered neuromuscular blockade improves prehospital intubation success in severely head-injured patients. J Trauma 2003; 55: 713-719.
16. Silverboard H, Aisiku I, Martin GS, et al. The role of acute blood transfusion in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe trauma. J Trauma 2005; 59: 717-723.
17. Sloane C, Vilke GM, Chan TC, et al. Rapid sequence intubation in the field versus hospital in trauma patients. J Emerg Med 2000; 19: 259-264.
18. Gausche M, Lewis RJ, Stratton SJ, et al. Effect of out-ofhospital pediatric endotracheal intubation on survival and neurological outcome: a controlled clinical trial [published correction appears in JAMA 2000;283:3204]. JAMA 2000; 283: 783-790.
19. Fakhry SM, Scanlon JM, Robinson L, et al. Prehospital rapid sequence intubation for head trauma: conditions for a successful program. J Trauma 2006; 60: 997-1001.
20. Warner KJ, Cuschieri J, Copass MK, et al. The impact of prehospital ventilation on outcome after severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2007; 62: 1330-1336; discussion 1336-1338.
21. Perel P, Roberts I. Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; 4: CD000567.
22. Myburgh J, Cooper DJ, Finfer S, et al. Saline or albumin for fluid resuscitation in patients with traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 874-884.
23. Vassar MJ, Fischer RP, O'Brien PE, et al. A multicenter trial for resuscitation of injured patients with 7.5% sodium chloride. The effect of added dextran 70. The Multicenter Group for the Study of Hypertonic Saline in Trauma Patients. Arch Surg 1993; 128: 1003-1011; discussion 1011-1013.
24. Vassar MJ, Perry CA, Holcroft JW. Analysis of potential risks associated with 7.5% sodium chloride resuscitation of traumatic shock [published correction appears in Arch Surg 1991;126:43]. Arch Surg 1990; 125: 1309-1315.
25. Vassar MJ, Perry CA, Gannaway WL, Holcroft JW. 7.5% sodium chloride/ dextran for resuscitation of trauma patients undergoing helicopter transport. Arch Surg 1991; 126: 1065-1072.
26. Vassar MJ, Perry CA, Holcroft JW. Prehospital resuscitation of hypotensive trauma patients with 7.5% NaCl versus 7.5% NaCl with added dextran: a controlled trial. J Trauma 1993; 34: 622-632; discussion 632-633.
27. Cooper DJ, Myles PS, McDermott FT, et al. Prehospital hypertonic saline resuscitation of patients with hypotension and severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004; 291: 1350-1357.
28. Wakai A, Roberts I, Schierhout G. Mannitol for acute traumatic brain injury. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; 1: CD001049.
29. Tyagi R, Donaldson K, Loftus CM, Jallo J. Hypertonic saline: a clinical review. Neurosurg Rev 2007; 30: 277-289; discussion 289-290.
30. Härtl R, Gerber LM, Iacono L, et al. Direct transport within an organized state trauma system reduces mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Trauma 2006; 60: 1250-1256; discussion 1256.
31. Potoka DA, Schall LC, Gardner MJ, et al. Impact of pediatric trauma centers on mortality in a statewide system. J Trauma 2000; 49: 237-245.