Evidence for a very low-energy fluvial system: A case study from the dinosaur-bearing Upper Triassic rocks of Southern Poland

Geological Quarterly

Volumn 52, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 239-252

  Gruszka, Beata ^a   Zieliński, Tomasz ^a  

^a ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY   (Poland)

Author keywords

Anastomosing river; Late Triassic; Meandering river; Poland; Sedimentology; Vertisol

Indexed keywords

ALLUVIAL DEPOSIT; BONE; DINOSAUR; DRAINAGE BASIN; FACIES ANALYSIS; MEANDER; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PEDOGENESIS; SEDIMENTOLOGY; TRIASSIC; VERTISOL;

CENTRAL EUROPE; EURASIA; EUROPE; POLAND;

AMPHIBIA; ANIMALIA; DINOSAURIA; REPTILIA; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 66749120770     PISSN: 16417291     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. AIGNER T. and BACHMAN G. H. (1992) - Sequence stratigraphic framework of the German Triassic. Sediment. Geol., 80: 115-135.
2. ALLEN J. R. L. (1982) - Sedimentary structures, their character and physical basis. v. II. Developments in Sedimentology. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
3. ANDERSON R. Y. (1996) - Seasonal sedimentation: a frame work for reconstructing climatic and environmental change. In: Palaeoclimatology and Palaeoceanography from Laminated Sediments (ed. A. E. S. Kemp). Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 116: 1-15.
4. BASILICI G. (1997) - Sedimentary facies in an extensional and deep-lacustrine depositional system: the Pliocene Tiberino Basin, Central Italy. Sediment. Geol., 109: 73-94.
5. BEHRENSMEYER A. K. (1987) - Miocene fluvial facies and vertebrate taphonomy in N Pakistan. In: Recent Development in Fluvial Sedimentology (eds. F. G. Ethridge et al.,). SEPM Spec. Publ., 39: 169-176.
6. BILAN W. (1975) - The Rhaetic profile in Krasiejów near Opole (in Polish with English summary). Geologia, 1 (3): 13-19.
7. BLUCK B. J. (1987) - Bedforms and clast size changes in gravel-bed rivers. In: River Channels: Environment and Process (ed. K. S. Richards). British Inst. Geograph. Spec. Publ., 17: 159-178.
8. BRIDGE J. S. and JARVIS J. (1982) - The dynamics of a river bend: a study in flow and sedimentary processes. Sedimentology, 29: 499-541.
9. DADLEZ R. and KOPIK J. (1963) - Problem of the Rheatic in Western Poland in the light of the profile at KsiażWielkopolski (in Polish with English summary). Kwart. Geol., 7 (1): 131-154.
10. DANIELS R. B., GANBLE E. E. and NELSON L. A. (1971) - Relations between soil morphology and water-table levels on a dissected N Carolina coastal plain surface. Soil Sc. Soc. Am. Proc., 35: 157-175.
11. DECZKOWSKI Z., MARCINKIEWICZ T. and MALISZEWSKA A. (1997) - Trias górny. In: Epicontinental Permian and Mesozoic in Poland (eds. S. Marek and M. Pajchlowa). Pr. Państw. Inst. Geol., 153: 150-194.
12. DZIK J. (2001) - A new Paleorhinus fauna in the early Late Triassic of Poland. J. Vert. Palaeont, 21: 625-627.
13. DZIK J. (2003) - A breaked herbivorous Archosaur with dinosaur affinities from the early Late Triassic of Poland. J. Vert. Palaeont., 23: 556-574.
14. DZIK J., SULEJ T., KAIM A. and NIEDŹWIEDZKI R. (2000) - Późnotriasowe cmentarzysko kregowców ladowych w Krasiejowie na Ślasku Opolskim Prz. Geol., 48 (3): 226-235.
15. EBERTH D. A. and MIALL A. D. (1991) - Stratigraphy, sedimentology and evolution of a vertebrate-bearing, braided to anastomosing fluvial system, Cutler Fm. (Permian-Pennsylvanian), north-central New Mexico. Sediment. Geol., 72: 225-252.
16. EDWARDS M. B., ERIKSSON K. A. and KIER R. S. (1983) - Palaeochannel geometry and flow patterns determined from exhumed Permian point bars in North-Central Texas. J. Sediment. Petrol., 53: 1261-1270.
17. GIBLING M. R., NANSON G. C. and MAROULIS J. C. (1998) - Anastomosing river sedimentation in the Channel Country of central Australia. Sedimentology, 45: 595-619.
18. GRADZIŃSKI R., BARYŁA J., DANOWSKI W., DOKTOR M., GMUR D., GRADZIŃSKI M., KEDZIOR A., PASZKOWSKI M., SOJA R, ZIELIŃSKI T. and ZUREK S. (2000) - Anastomosing system of the upper Narew River, NE Poland. Ann. Soc. Geol. Pol., 70 (3-4): 219-229.
19. GRODZICKA-SZYMANKO W. (1971) - Cyclic-sedimentary subdivision of the Rhaetian of the Polish Low lands. Bull. Acad. Sér. Sc. Terre., 19 (3): 137-147.
20. GUSTAVSON T. C. (1991) - Buried Vertisols in lacustrine facies of the Pliocene Fort Hancock Fm., Hueco Bolson, W Texas and Chihuahua, Mexico. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 103: 448-460.
21. HAISIG J., WILANOWSKI S., BIERNAT S., KAZIUK H. and KOTLICKI S. (1979) - Geoloiczna mapa Polski 1:200 000, ark. Kluczbork. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa.
22. HORNUNG J. and AIGNER T. (1999) - Reservoir and aquifer characterization of fluvial architectural elements: Stubensandstein, U. Triassic, SW Germany. Sediment. Geol., 129: 215-280.
23. HORNUNG J. and AIGNER T. (2002a) - Reservoir architecture in a terminal alluvial plain: an outcrop analogue study (Upper Triassic, Southern Germany). In: Sedimentology and Petrographics. J. Petrol. Geol., 25: 3-30.
24. HORNUNG J. and AIGNER T. (2002b) - Reservoir architecture in a terminal alluvial plain: an outcrop analogue study (Upper Triassic, Southern Germany). In: Cyclicity, Controls and Models. J. Petrol. Geol., 25: 151-178.
25. JONES L. S. and SCHUMM S. A. (1999) - Causes of avulsion: an overview IAS Spec. Publ., 28: 171-178.
26. KING W. A. and MARTINI I. P. (1984) - Morphology and recent sediments of the lower anastomosing reaches of the Attawapiskat River, James Bay, Ontario, Canada. Sediment. Geol., 37: 297-320.
27. KNIGHTON D. and NANSON G. C. (1993) - Anastomosis and the continuum of channel pattern. Earth Surf. Proc. Land forms, 18: 613-625.
28. KOTLICKI S. (1973) - Geologiczna mapa Polski 1:50000, ark. Strzelce Opolskie. Wyd. Geol., Warszawa.
29. KRAUS M. J. and MIDDLETON L. T. (1987) - Contrasting architecture of two alluvial suites in different structural settings. In: Developments in Fluvial Sedimentology (eds. F. G. Ethridge et al.). SEPM Spec. Publ., 39: 253-262.
30. LANGBEIN W. B. and LEOPOLD L. B. (1966) - River meander theory of minimum variance. USGS Prof. Pap., 422-H: 1-14.
31. MACK G. H., LEEDER M., PEREZ-ARLUCEA M. and BAILEY B. D. J. (2003) - Early Permian silt-bed fluvial sedimentation in the Orogrande basin of the Ancestral Rocky Mts, New Mexico, USA. Sediment. Geol., 160: 159-178.
32. MADER D. (1997) - Palaeoenvironment evolution and bibliography of the Keuper (Upper Triassic) in Germany, Poland and other parts of Europe. Sven von Loga, Koeln.
33. MAKASKE B. (1998) - Anastomosing rivers. Forms, processes and sediments. Nederlandse Geografische Studies, 249. Knag, Utrecht.
34. MAKASKE B. (2001) - Anastomosing rivers: are view of their classification, origin and sedimentary products. Earth Sc. Rev., 53: 149-196.
35. McCARTHY T. S., STANISTREET I. G. and CAIRNCROSS B. (1991) - The sedimentary dynamics of active fluvial channels on the Okavango Fan, Botswana. Sedimentology, 38: 471-487.
36. McCARTHY T. S. (1993) - The great inland deltas of Africa. J. African Earth Sc, 17: 275-291.
37. MIALL A. D. (1975) - Post Palaeozoic geology of Banks, Prince Patrik and Eglinton Islands, Arctic Canada. In: Canada's Continental Margins and Offshore Petroleum Exploration. Canadian Soc. Petrol. Geol. Mem., 4: 557-588.
38. MIALL A. D. (1977) - A review of the braided-river depositional environment. Earth Sc. Rev., 13: 1-62.
39. MIALL A. D. (1985) - Architectural-element analysis: a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits. Earth Sc. Rev., 22: 261-308.
40. MIALL D. (1996) - The geology of fluvial deposits. Sedimentary facies, basin analysis, and petroleum geology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.
41. MOROZOVA G. S. and SMITH N. D. (1999) - Holocene avulsion history of the lower Saskatchewan fluvial system, Cumberland Marshes, Saskatchewan-Manitoba, Can ada. In: Fluvial Sedimentology VI (eds. N. D. Smith and J. Rogers). IAS Spec. Publ., 28: 231-249.
42. MULDER T., SAVOYE B., PIPER D. J. W. and SYVITSKI J. P. M. (1998) - The Var submarine sedimentary system: understanding Holocene sediment delivery processes and their importance to the geological record. In: Geological Processes on Continental Margins: Sedimentation, Mass Wasting and Stability (eds. M. S. Stoker et al.). Geol. Soc. London Spec. Publ., 129: 145-166.
43. NANSON G. C. and CROKE J. C. (1992) - A genetic classification of floodplains. Geomorphology, 4: 459-486.
44. NANSON G. C. and KNIGHTON A. D. (1996) - Anabranching rivers: their cause, character and classification. Earth Surf. Proc. Landforms, 21: 217-239.
45. NANSON G. C., YOUNG R. W., PRICE D. M. and RUST B. R. (1988) - Stratigraphy, sedimentology and Late Quaternary chronology of the Channel Country of W Queensland. In: Fluvial Geomorphology of Australia (ed. R. F. Warner): 151-175. Acad. Press, Sydney.
46. OLEMPSKA E. (2004) - Late Triassic spinicaudatan crustaceans from SW Poland. Acta Palaeont. Pol., 49 (3): 429-442.
47. REDDY P. H. and PRASAD K. R. (1988) - Paleocurrent and paleohydrologic analysis of Barakar and Kamthi Formations in the Manuguru coalfield, Andhra Pradesh, India. Indian J. Earth Sc., 15: 34-44.
48. REES A. I. (1966) - Some flume experiments with a fine silt. Sedimentology, 6: 209-240.
49. REINHARDT L. and RICKEN W. (2000) - The stratigraphic and geochemical record of playa cycles: monitoring a Pangaean monsoon-like system (Triassic, Middle Keuper, S. Germany). Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimat., Palaeoecol., 161: 205-227.
50. RETALLACK G. J. (1994) - The environmental factor approach to the interpretation of palaeosols. In: Factors of Soil Formation (eds. R. Amundson et al.). Soil Sc. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ., 33: 31-64.
51. RUST B. R. (1978) - A classification of alluvial channel systems. In: Fluvial Sedimentology (ed. A. D. Miall). Canadian Soc. Petrol. Geol. Mem., 5: 187-198.
52. RUST B. R. (1981) - Sedimentation in an arid-zone anastomosing fluvial system: Cooper's Creek, Central Australia. J. Sediment. Petrol., 51: 745-755.
53. RUST B. R. and LEGUN A. S. (1983) - Modern anastomosing-fluvial deposits in arid central Australia, and a Carboniferous analogue in New Brunswick, Canada. In: Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems (eds. J. D. Collinson and J. Lewin). IAS Spec. Publ., 6: 385-392.
54. RUST B. R. and NANSON G. C. (1986) - Contemporary and palaeochannel patterns and the Late Quaternary stratigraphy of Cooper Creek, SW Queensland, Australia. Earth Surf. Proc. Land forms, 11: 581-590.
55. SCHUMM S. A. (1968) - River adjustment to altered hydraulic regime - Murrambidgee River and palaeochannels, Australia. USGS Prof. Pap., 598: 1-58.
56. SCHUMM S. A., ERSKINE W. D. and TILLEARD J. W. (1996) - Morphology, hydrology, and evolution of the anastomosing Ovens and King Rivers, Victoria, Australia. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 108: 1212-1224.
57. SMITH D. G. (1983) - Anastomosed fluvial deposits: modern examples from western Canada. In: Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems (eds. J. D. Collinson and J. Lewin). IAS Spec. Publ., 6: 155-168.
58. SMITH D. G. (1986) - Anastomosing river deposits, sedimentation rates and basin subsidence, Magdalena River, NW Colombia, S America. Sediment. Geol., 46: 177-196.
59. SMITH N. D., McCARTHY T. S., ELLERY W. N., MERRY C. L. and RÜTHER H. (1997) - Avulsion and anastomosis on the panhandle region of the Okavango Fan, Botswana. Geomorphology, 20: 49-65.
60. SMITH D. G. and PUTNAM P. E. (1980) - Anastomosed river deposits: modern and ancient examples in Alberta, Canada. Canad. J. Earth Sc., 17: 1396-1406.
61. SMITH D. G. and SMITH N. D. (1980) - Sedimentation in anastomosed river systems: examples from alluvial valleys near Banff, Alberta. J. Sediment. Petrol., 50: 157-164.
62. STEWART D. J. (1983) - Possible suspended-load channel deposits from the Wealden Group (L. Cretaceous) of S England. In: Modern and Ancient Fluvial Systems (eds. J. D. Collinson and J. Lewin). IAS. Spec. Publ., 6: 369-384.
63. SULEJ T. (2002) - Species discrimination of the Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian Metoposaurus diagnosticus. Acta Palaeont. Pol., 47 (3): 535-546.
64. SULEJ T. (2005) - A new rauisuchian reptile (Diapsida: Archosauria) from the Late Triassic of Poland. J. Verteb. Palaeont., 25 (1): 78-86.
65. SZULC J. (2005) - Sedimentary environments of the vertebrate-bearing Norian deposits from Krasiejów, Upper Silesia (Poland). Hallesches Jahrbuch für Geowissenschaften, Reihe B, 19: 161-170.
66. THERRIEN F. and FASTOVSKY D. E. (2000) - Palaeoenvironments of early Theropods, Chinle Fm. (Late Triassic), Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona. Palaios, 15: 194-211.
67. TEISSEYRE A. K. (1985) - Recent overbank deposits of the Sudetic valleys, SW Poland. Part I: General environmental characteristics (with examples from the River Bóbr drainage basin) (in Polish with English summary). Geol. Sudet., 20: 113-195.
68. TOOTH S. and NANSON G. C. (1999) - Anabranching rivers on the Northern Plains of arid central Australia. Geomorphology, 29: 211-233.
69. TÖRNQVIST T. E., Van REE M. H. M. and FAESSEN E. L. J. H. (1993) - Longitudinal facies architectural changes of a Middle Holocene anastomosing distributary system (Rhine-Meuse delta, central Netherlands). Sediment. Geol., 85: 203-219.
70. Van GELDER A., Van DER BERG J. H., CHENG G. and XUE C. (1994) - Overbank and channel fill deposits of the modern Yellow River delta. Sediment. Geol., 90: 293-305.
71. WENDE R. and NANSON G. C. (1998) - Anabranching rivers: ridge-form alluvial channels in tropical N Australia. Geomorphology, 22: 205-224.
72. WOOD J. M. (1989) - Alluvial architecture of the Upper Cretaceous Judith River Fm., Dinosaur Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada. Canad. Petrol. Geol. Bull., 37: 169-181.
73. WOODYER K. D., TAYLOR G. and CROOK K. A. W. (1979) - Depositional processes along a very low-gradient, suspended-load stream: the Barwon River, New South Wales. Sediment. Geol., 22: 97-120.
74. YAALON D. H. and KALMAR D. (1978) - Dynamics of cracking and swelling clay soils: displacement of skeletal grains, optimum depth of slickensides, and rate of intrapedonic turbation. Earth Surf. Proc., 3: 31-52.
75. ZATOŃ M. and PIECHOTA A. (2003) - Carnian (Late Triassic) charophyte flora of the Paleorhinus biochron at Krasiejów (SW Poland). Friberger Forschungshefte, C499: 43-53.
76. ZATOŃ M., PIECHOTA A. and SIENKIEWICZ E. (2005) - Late Triassic charophytes around the bone-bearing bed at Krasiejów (SW Poland) - palaeoecological and environmental remarks. Acta Geol. Pol., 55: 283-293.