The niger famine: A collapse of entitlements and democratic responsiveness

Journal of Asian and African Studies

Volumn 44, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 279-298

  Rubin, Oliver ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Democracy; Entitlement approach; Famine; Famine operationalization; Niger

Indexed keywords

CRISIS MANAGEMENT; DEMOCRACY; FAMINE; FOOD PRODUCTION;

AFRICA; NIGER [WEST AFRICA]; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA;

EID: 65949088368     PISSN: 00219096     EISSN: 17452538     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0021909609102899     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Amnesty International (1997) Harassment of Government Opponents Has Become Systematic, May. http://news.amnesty.org/library/pdf/AFR430031997ENGLISH/ $File/AFR4300397.pdf
2. Banik, D. (1998) 'India's Freedom from Famine: The Case of Kalahandi', Contemporary South Asia 7 (3). 265-81. (Pubitemid 29094367)
3. Bbc News (2004) 'Niger President Wins Second Term', 7 December. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4077011.stm
4. Bbc News (2005 a) 'Niger Food Crisis Timeline', 20 July. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4699643.stm
5. Bbc News (2005 b) 'Niger Leader Denies Hunger Claims', 9 August. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4133374.stm
6. Bbc News (2005 c) 'Excerpts: Niger President Interview', 9 August. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/4136438.stm
7. Bbc News (2005 d) 'How Many Dying Babies Make a Famine?', 10 August. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4139174.stm
8. Bbc News (2006) 'Country Profile Niger', 12 October. http://news.bbc.co. uk/1/hi/world/africa/country-profiles/1054396.stm
9. Carr, S. (2005) 'Assessment of the Crude and Under-5 Mortality Rates in Two World Vision Niger Intervention Zones: Maradi and Zinder', World Vision Canada. http://www.humanitarianinfo.org/niger/uploads/w3/nutrition/WV-Maradi.doc
10. CPJ (2005) 'Cases 2005: Niger'. http://www.cpj.org/cases05/africa- cases05/niger.html
11. Devereux, S. (2006) 'Distinguishing between Chronic and Transitory Food Insecurity', in Emergency Needs Assessments. Rome: IDS for WFP.
12. Dfid (2007) Niger Fact Sheet, January. London: DFID. http://www.dfid.gov. uk/countries/africa/niger-fact-sheet.pdf
13. Diamond, L. (2003) 'Can the Whole World Become Democratic? Democracy, Development, and International Policies', Paper 0305. Irvine, Center for the Study of Democracy, University of California, Irvine.
14. Dreze, J. and A. Sen (1989) Hunger and Public Action. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15. Dreze, J. and A. Sen (1991) Hunger and Public Action. Oxford: Clarendon.
16. D'Souza, F. (1994) 'Democracy as a Cure for Famine', Journal of Peace Research 31 (4). 369-73. (Pubitemid 24827744)
17. Fews Net (2005) 'Niger Food Security Warning', 21 February. http://www.fews.net/resources/gcontent/pdf/1000595.pdf
18. Freedomhouse (2006) Freedom of the Press: Niger. http://www.freedomhouse. org/template.cfm?page=251&year=2006
19. Grobler-Tanner, C. (2006) Understanding Nutrition Data and the Causes of Malnutrition in Niger. Washington, DC: USAID FEWSNET.
20. Howe, P. and S. Devereux (2004) 'Famine Intensity and Magnitude Scales: A Proposal for an Instrumental Definition of Famine', Disasters 28 (4). 353-72. (Pubitemid 40015123)
21. HPG (2005) 'Humanitarian Issues in Niger', HPG Briefing Note, August. London: ODI.
22. Ifrc (2005) Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania and Niger: Food Insecurity, Emergency Appeal no. 05EA015, Geneva, 22 July. http://www.ifrc.org/docs/appeals/ 05/05EA015.pdf
23. Independent (2005 a) 'IMF Is Combating Niger Famine', Thomas Dawson's Letter to the Editor, 5 August. http://www.imf.org/external/np/vc/2005/080505. htm
24. Independent (2005 b) 'President Tandja: "The People of Niger Look Well Fed, as You Can See"', Independent, 10 August.
25. IRINnews (2005 a) Niger: Famine-stricken to Get Food Loans Rather Than Free Food, 7 June. http://www.irinnews.org/print.asp?ReportID=47513
26. IRINnews (2005 b) Niger: Free Food Needed Now as Millions Teeter on the Brink of Famine, UN Says, 14 July. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID= 48128
27. IRINnews (2005 c) No Famine: But Hungry for Help, 9 August. http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=48523
28. Moonen, B. and C. Steffen (2005) Statut nutritionnel et mortalit© re©trospective. Geneva: MSF.
29. Mousseau, F. and A. Mittal (2006) Sahel: A Prisoner of Starvation? A Case Study of the 2005 Food Crisis in Niger. California: The Oakland Institute.
30. MSF (2005) Niger Food Crisis: MSF Again Calls for a Rapid Mobilization of Aid Agencies to Increase Targeted Food Distributions in Areas Affected by Acute Malnutrition, 13 September. http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/pr/2005/09-13- 2005.cfm
31. MSF (2006 a) Outside It's Like a Normal City, 28 January. http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/news/2006/01-28-2006.cfm
32. MSF (2006 b) Niger: What to Do Next? Special Report, 12 February. http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/publications/reports/index.cfm
33. Ocha (2005) Niger 2005: Flash Appeal, 23 May. Geneva: OCHA.
34. Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (2004) Mission francophone d'obseration des elections pre©sidentielles et legislatives des 16 novembre et 4 de©cembre 2004, Niamey, 9 November. http://democratie. francophonie.org/article.php3?id-article=1748&id-rubrique=875
35. Sen, A. (1977) 'Starvation and Exchange Entitlements: A General Approach and Its Application to the Great Bengal Famine', Cambridge Journal of Economics 1 (1). 33-59.
36. Sen, A. (1981) Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlements and Deprivation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
37. Sen, A. (1982) The Coromandel Lecture, New Delhi, 13 December.
38. Sen, A. (1990 a) 'Food, Economic, and Entitlements', in J. Dreze and A. Sen (eds) The Political Economy of Hunger Vol. 1: Entitlement and Well-being, pp. 34-52. Oxford: Clarendon.
39. Sen, A. (1990 b) Public Action to Remedy Hunger. Tanco Memorial Lecture. http://www.globalpolicy.org/socecon/hunger/general/1990/0802public.htm
40. Sen, A. (1993) 'The Causation and Prevention of Famines: A Reply', Journal of Peasant Studies 21 (1). 29-40.
41. Sen, A. (1999) Development as Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
42. Sen, A. (2005) The Argumentative Indian. London: Penguin.
43. Sheckler, A., T. Shortley, A. Swindale and S. Lautze (2004) Synthesis Report on the Famine Forum. Washington, DC: USAID Office of Food for Peace.
44. Tectonidis, M. (2006) Crisis in Niger: Outpatient Care for Severe Acute Malnutrition, MSF Paris, 19 January. http://www.doctorswithoutborders.org/ publications/opedsarticles/tectonidis-nejm-01-19-2006.cfm
45. UN Standing Committee on Nutrition (2006) Nutrition Information in Crisis Situations 8: Niger, Geneva, January. http://www.unsystem.org/SCN/Publications/ RNIS/countries/niger-all.htm
46. Unicef (2005) Statistics. New York: UNICEF. http://www.unicef.org/ statistics/index-countrystats.html
47. Varshney, A. (2000) 'Is India Becoming More Democratic?', Journal of Asian Studies 59 (1). 3-25.
48. WDI (2006) World Development Indicators. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/DATASTATISTICS/0contentMDK: 20398986∼menuPK:64133163∼pagePK:64133150∼piPK:64133175∼ theSitePK:239419,00.html
49. WFP (2005) 2nd SENAC Advisory Group Meeting Report: Summary of Meeting on Strengthening Emergency Needs Assessment Capacity in WFP. Rome: WFP.