Aristotle on the disciplines of argument: Rhetoric, dialectic, analytic

Rhetorica - Journal of the History of Rhetoric

Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 87-108

  Allen, James ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

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EID: 65849413605     PISSN: 07348584     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/rh.2007.25.1.87     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (39)

1. J. Brunschwig, "L'objet et la structure des seconds analytiques d'apres Aristote," in E. Berti, ed., Aristotle on Science: the Posterior Analytics (Padua: Antenore, 1981), 61-96.
2. J. Brunschwig, "L'Organon: Tradition grecque," in R. Goulet, ed., Dictionnaire des philosophes grecques (Paris: CNRS, 1989) 1.485-502.
3. T. Waitz, Organon Graece, (Leipzig: Hahn, 1844-46), II.528-9;
4. L.-A. Dorion, Aristote: Les réfutations sophistiques (Paris: Vrin, 1995), 24-5.
5. C. Thurot, Études sur Aristote: Politique, Dialectique, Rhétorique (Paris: Durand, 1860), 195-7;
6. L.-A. Dorion, "Aristote et l'invention de la dialectique" in M. Canto-Sperber and P. Pellegrin, eds., Le Style de la pensée: Recueil de textes en hommage à Jacques Brunschwig (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2002), 182-220.
7. R. Smith, "Dialectic and the Syllogism," Ancient Philosophy 14 (1994): 133-51 (p. 140).
8. So F. Solmsen, Die Entwicklung der aristotelischen Logik und Rhetorik. Neue philologische Untersuchungen 4 (Berlin: Weidmann, 1929), 13-31;
9. followed by M. F. Burnyeat, "Enthymeme: Aristotle on the logic of persuasion" in D. J. Furley A. Nehamas, eds., Essays on Aristotle's Rhetoric (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1994), 3-55 (pp. 31-5);
10. J. Allen, Inference from Signs: Ancient Debates about the Nature of Evidence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), 20-22;
11. opposed by J. Barnes, "Proof and the Syllogism" in Berti, Aristotle on Science, cited in n. 1 above, 17-59 (p. 52) (in the context of broader agreement with Solmsen's developmental thesis);
12. C. Rapp (trans.), Aristoteles: Rhetorik (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2002), II.202-4.
13. On this point, see H. Maier, Die Syllogistik des Aristoteles, (Tübingen: Laupp 1896-1900), II.b.78 n. 3. An especially striking example is furnished by the counsel to be on the lookout for recurring terms in an opponent's argument because the middle term on which his syllogism will depend must occur twice (2.19.66a25).
14. Cf. Rapp, Aristoteles: Rhetorik, cited in n. 7 above, II.97 ad Rhet.1.1.1355a30.
15. This claim has to be qualified, and is qualified by Aristotle in Prior Analytics 1.44, where he allows that so-called syllogisms on the basis of a hypothesis cannot be analyzed as categorical syllogisms. It is nonetheless surprising just how minor a qualification Aristotle takes this to be. Cf. G. Striker, "Aristoteles über Syllogismen 'aufgrund einer Hypothese'," Hermes 107 (1979): 33-50.
16. G. Striker, "Aristotle and the Uses of Logic," in J. Gentzler, ed., Method in Ancient Philosophy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), 209-26.
17. J. Brunschwig, "Rhetorique et Dialectique, Rhetorique et Topiques" in Furley and Nehamas, Aristotle's Rhetoric cited in n. 7 above, pp. 57-96 (p. 59);
18. C. Rapp, Aristoteles: Rhetorik, cited in n. 7 above, II.20-1.
19. P. Moraux, "La joute dialectique d'après le huitième livre des Topiques" in G. E. L. Owen, ed., Aristotle on Dialectic: The Topics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1968), 271-311 (288-9).
20. M. Wlodarczyk, "Aristotelian Dialectic and the Discovery of Truth," Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 18 (2000): 153-210.
21. Translated "a syllogism of a kind" in accordance with Burnyeat's recommendation in order to leave open the possibility that an argument may qualify as an enthymeme without meeting the standards strictly necessary to be a syllogism (Burnyeat, "Enthymeme," cited in n. 7 above, pp. 13-15).
22. On the term see Waitz, Organon Graece, cited in n. 4 above, II.353 ff. (ad An. post. 82b35);
23. A. Schwegler, ed., Die Metaphysik des Aristoteles (Tübingen: Fues, 1847), IV.48-51 (ad Metaph. Z 4.1029b13);
24. H. Maier, Syllogistik, cited in n. 8 above, II.a.11 n. 3;
25. M. F. Burnyeat, A Map of Metaphysics Z (Pittsburgh: Mathesis Publications, 2001), 19-22 et passim.
26. R. Smith, "Aristotle on the Uses of Dialectic," Synthese 96 (1993): 335-58.
27. E. Kapp, Greek Foundations of Traditional Logic (New York: Columbia University Press, 1942), 12-13;
28. P. Moraux, "La joute dialectique," cited in n. 15 above, pp. 289-90;
29. J. Brunschwig, "Aristotle on arguments without Winners and Losers," Jahrbuch Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin 1984/5, 31-40 (p. 34);
30. O. Primavesi, Die aristotelische Topik: Ein Interpretationsmodell und seine Erprobung am Beispiel von Topik B (Munich: Beck, 1996), 20-21, 49 ff.,
31. I. Duhring, "Aristotle's use of examples in the Topics," in G. E. L. Owen, Aristotle on Dialectic, cited in n. 15 above, pp. 202-29.
32. J. Brunschwig, "Aristotle on arguments," cited in n. 21 above, p. 32.
33. On this passage from the Parmenides see Maier, Syllogistik, cited in n. 8 above, II b 51, n. 1.
34. Brunschwig, "Aristotle on arguments," cited in n. 21 above.
35. On this issue, see J. Barnes, "Proof and the Syllogism," cited in n. 7 above.
36. These translations and that of 101a36-b4 below are adapted from R. Smith (trans.), Aristotle's Topics: Books I and VIII (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997).
37. Unless they are meant to introduce a fourth use in addition to the three promised at 101a26. On this question, see J. Brunschwig, ed. and trans., Aristote: Topiques, Livres I-IV (Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1967), xii, 116 n. 1.
38. Brunschwig, Topiques, 117 n. 2.
39. Moraux, "La joute dialectique," cited in n. 15 above, p. 308.