Into Church matters: Lay identity, rural parish life, and popular politics in late imperial and early Soviet Russia, 1864-1928

Russian History

Volumn 23, Issue 1-4, 1996, Pages 367-384

  Young, Glennys ^a,b  

^a University of Washington ^*

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 65849208899     PISSN: 0094288X     EISSN: 18763316     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/187633196X00231     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. For details of the legislative process and other church reforms, see Gregory L. Freeze, The Parish Clergy in Nineteenth-Century Russia: Crisis. Reform, Counter-Reform (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1983), 248-347
2. On this, see John Shelton Curtiss, Church and State in Russia: The Last Years of the Empire, 1900-1917 (New York: Octagon Books, Inc., 1965), 220
3. and Igor Smolitsch, Geschichte der russischen Kirche (Berlin: Osteuropa-Institut Berlin, 1990), 2: 102-03. The bratstva differed from both institutions in that their activities were not confined to the boundaries of the parish
4. On anti-clericalism in peasant folklore, see Maureen Perrie, "Folklore as Evidence of Peasant Mentalité," The Russian Review 48 (1987), 124-27
5. and A. V. Kartashev, Ocherki po istorii russkoi tserkvi (Moscow: Nauka, 1991) 2: esp. 514
6. See Freeze, Parish Clergy, 290-92
7. For a brief discussion of the record of the church councils after 1870, see Freeze, "Counter-reformation in Russian Orthodoxy: Popular Response to Religious Innovation, 1922-1925," Slavic Review, 54 (1995): 328, esp. n. 86
8. On workers see, for example, A Radical Worker in Tsarist Russia: The Autobiography of Semen Ivanovich Kanatchikov, trans. and ed. Reginald E. Zelnik (Stanford, CA: Stanford Univ. Press, 1986)
9. and idem, ""To the Unaccustomed Eye': Religion and Irreligion in the Experience of St. Petersburg Workers in the 1870s," Russian History/Histoire Russe 16 (1989): 297-332
10. The details of those legal boundaries, as sketched below, can be found in Smolitsch, Geschichte, 99
11. and George L. Yaney, The Urge to Mobilize (Urbana: Univ. of Illinois Press, 1982)
12. On the capacity of peasant movements to "tame capitalism," and, implicitly, other kinds of claims made upon them, see Samuel Popkin, The Rational Peasant: The Political Economy of Rural Society in Vietnam (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1979), esp. 245
13. For such an argument, see Smolitsch, Geschichte, 100
14. Zametki pravoslavnogo obozreniia, Febr. 1865, 102
15. Although most councils ranged between ten and twenty temporary members, and sometimes included as few as five, parishioners elected councils as large as forty-four members. Zametki pravoslavnogo obozreniia, May, 1865, 2-14
16. IVO za 1875, 148
17. IVO za 1877, 163
18. IVO za 1879, 132
19. See SEV, May 15, 1894, 152
20. Pribavleniia, No. 35, 27 Aug. 1905: 1488
21. On the place of charity in Eastern" Orthodoxy, see Georges Florovsky, "The Social Problem in the Eastern Orthodox Church," in Georges Florovsky, Christianity and Culture (Belmont, Mass.: Nordland, 1974), 135
22. On parish schools, see Ben Eklof, Russian Peasant Schools: Officialdom, Village Culture, and Popular Pedagogy, 1861-1914 (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1986)
23. On this see, for example, 1VO za 1903-44 gg., 86
24. For a first-hand report from Saratov diocese, see Rozanov, Zapiski, 62
25. See Vissarion Grigor'evich Belinskii, "Letter to N. V. Gogol," in Russian Intellectual History: An Anthology, ed. Marc Raeff (New York: Harcourt, Brace, and World, 1966), 256
26. see also Curtiss, Church and State, 302
27. Freeze, Parish Clergy, 376, 468
28. For details, see Kartashev, Ocherki 2: 501-14
29. For an example, see Episkop Evdokim, "Na zare novoi tserkovnoi zhizni," Bogoslovskii vestnik 3 (July-Aug. 1905), esp. 419
30. Sergei M. Kravchinsky, The Russian Peasantry: Their Agrarian Condition, Social Life, and Religion (1888; rpt., Westport, CT: Hyperion Press, 1977), 373
31. For a powerful challenge to the assumption that the Orthodox Church and its parish clergy invariably acted as an extension of the Tsarist state, see Gregory L. Freeze, "The Orthodox Church and Serfdom in Prereform Russia," Slavic Review 48 (1989): 361-87
32. See his The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (New York: International Publishers, 1981), 129-30
33. See James Scott, Domination and the Arts of Resistance: Hidden Transcripts (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press, 1990), xii
34. My reference to "resistance" is based on the definition offered by Scott in his Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press, 1985), 290
35. Pribavleniia k tserkovnym vedomostiam. no. 50, 16 Dec. 1906:3131
36. and idem, Parish Clergy, 57-58
37. On this see Stephen P. Frank, "Popular Justice, Community, and Culture among the Russian Peasantry, 1870-1900," The Russian Review 46 (1987): 239-65
38. On church councils' battles against pagan practices, see IVO za 1887
39. On drinking in rural Russia, see Patricia Herlihy, "'Joy of the Rus': Rites and Rituals of Russian Drinking," The Russian Review, 50 (1991): 131-47
40. A church council in Tula diocese petitioned to prevent alcohol trade within the parish. On this see IVO za 1887 g., 129
41. Sobranie uzakonenii i rasporiazhenii rabochego i krest'ianskogo pravitel'stva 62 (1918), 757-65
42. For more details, see Glennys Young, "Rural Religion and Soviet Power. 1921-1932" (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of California at Berkeley, 1989), 187-88, 244-45
43. See his Peasant Russia, Civil War: The Volga Countryside in Revolution, 1917-1921 (New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1989), 148-49
44. See also Freeze, "Counter-reformation," 329-31
45. See Young, "Rural Religion," 189-90 for a fuller description
46. (As quoted in Dmitry Pospielovsky, The Russian Church under the Soviet Regime, 1917-1982, vol. 1 (Crestwood, N.Y.: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1984), 100
47. For much more detailed discussions, see John Shelton Curtiss, The Russian Church and the Soviet State, 1917-1950 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1953), 129-53
48. Pospielovsky, The Russian Church, 1: 43-92
49. Edward E. Roslof, "The Renovationist Movement in the Russian Orthodox Church, 1922-1946" (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 1994)
50. Povolzhskaia pravda, 4 Dec. 1928, 2
51. See also Sovetskaia derevnia, 27 May 1928, 2. and Pskovskii nabat, 21 Dec. 1928, 2
52. See Young, "Rural Religion," 219