Augmentation of clozapine with a second antipsychotic - A meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled studies

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

Volumn 119, Issue 6, 2009, Pages 419-425

  Taylor, D M ^a,b   Smith, L ^c  

^a SOUTH LONDON AND MAUDSLEY NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c Medical Research Matters   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Antipsychotics; Meta analysis; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

AMISULPRIDE; ARIPIPRAZOLE; CHLORPROMAZINE; CLOZAPINE; HALOPERIDOL; PLACEBO; RISPERIDONE; SULPIRIDE;

CLINICAL EVALUATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG RESPONSE; DRUG SAFETY; HUMAN; META ANALYSIS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; REVIEW; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; THERAPY EFFECT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE;

ADULT; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; BRIEF PSYCHIATRIC RATING SCALE; CLOZAPINE; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; PLACEBOS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 65749098355     PISSN: 0001690X     EISSN: 16000447     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01367.x     Document Type: Review

References (28)

1. Kane J, Honigfeld G, Singer J, Meltzer H. Clozapine for the treatment-resistant schizophrenic. A double-blind comparison with chlorpromazine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1988 45 : 789 796. (Pubitemid 18222922)
2. Meltzer HY, Bastani B, Kwon KY, Ramirez LF, Burnett S, Sharpe J. A prospective study of clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients. I. Preliminary report. Psychopharmacology 1989 99 (suppl. S68 S72. (Pubitemid 19244143)
3. Chan J, Sweeting M. Combination therapy with non-clozapine atypical antipsychotic medication: a review of current evidence. J Psychopharmacol 2007 21 : 657 664. (Pubitemid 47472722)
4. Mace S, Taylor D. A prescription survey of antipsychotic use in England and Wales following the introduction of NICE guidance. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2005 9 : 124 129. (Pubitemid 40874108)
5. Taylor D, Mir S, Mace S, Whiskey E. Co-prescribing of atypical and typical antipsychotics - prescribing sequence and documented outcome. Psychiatr Bull 2002 26 : 170 172. (Pubitemid 34525132)
6. Taylor D, Paton C, Kerwin R. The Maudsley prescribing guidelines, 9th edn. London, UK : Informa Healthcare, 2007.
7. Paton C, Whittington C, Barnes TR. Augmentation with a second antipsychotic in patients with schizophrenia who partially respond to clozapine: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2007 27 : 198 204. (Pubitemid 46594939)
8. Chang JS, Ahn YM, Park HJ et al. Aripiprazole augmentation in clozapine-treated patients with refractory schizophrenia: an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2008 69 : 720 731.
9. Fleischhacker WW, Heikkinen T, Olie JP et al. Weight change on aripiprazole-clozapine combination in schizophrenic patients with weight gain and suboptimal response on clozapine: 16-week double-blind study. Eur Psychiatry 2008 23 (suppl. 2 S114 S115.
10. Potter WZ, Ko GN, Zhang LD, Yan WW. Clozapine in China: a review and preview of US/PRC collaboration. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1989 99 (suppl. 1 S87 S91. (Pubitemid 19244148)
11. Freudenreich O, Henderson DC, Walsh JP, Culhane MA, Goff DC. Risperidone augmentation for schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Schizophr Res 2007 92 : 90 94. (Pubitemid 46561216)
12. Honer WG, Thornton AE, Chen EY et al. Clozapine alone versus clozapine and risperidone with refractory schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 2006 354 : 472 482. (Pubitemid 43200298)
13. Josiassen RC, Joseph A, Kohegyi E et al. Clozapine augmented with risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2005 162 : 130 136. (Pubitemid 40095682)
14. Mossaheb N, Sacher J, Wiesegger G et al. Haloperidol in combination with clozapine in treatment-refractory patients with schizophrenia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2006 16 (suppl. 4 416.
15. Shiloh R, Zemishlany Z, Aizenberg D et al. Sulpiride augmentation in people with schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Psychiatry 1997 171 : 569 573. (Pubitemid 27527329)
16. Anil Yagcioglu AE, Kivircik Akdede BB, Turgut TI et al. A double-blind controlled study of adjunctive treatment with risperidone in schizophrenic patients partially responsive to clozapine: efficacy and safety. J Clin Psychiatry 2005 66 : 63 72.
17. Assion HJ, Reinbold H, Lemanski S, Basilowski M, Juckel G. Amisulpride augmentation in patients with schizophrenia partially responsive or unresponsive to clozapine. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Pharmacopsychiatry 2008 41 : 24 28.
18. Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1987 13 : 261 276. (Pubitemid 18039085)
19. Overall JE, Gorham DR. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychol Rep 1962 10 : 812.
20. Guy W. The Clinical Global Impressions Scale. In : Guy W, ed. ECDEU assessment manual for psychopharmacology, revised edition. Rockville, MD : National Institute of Mental Health, 1976 : 157 169.
21. Correll CU, Rummel-Kluge C, Corves C, Kane JM, Leucht S. Antipsychotic combinations vs monotherapy in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Schizophr Bull 2008 doi:. In Press.
22. Barbui C, Signoretti A, Mule S, Boso M, Cipriani A. Does the addition of a second antipsychotic drug improve clozapine treatment? Schizophr Bull 2008 doi:.
23. Kreinin A, Novitski D, Weizman A. Amisulpride treatment of clozapine-induced hypersalivation in schizophrenia patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2006 21 : 99 103. (Pubitemid 43740317)
24. Farde L, Nyberg S, Oxenstierna G, Nakashima Y, Halldin C, Ericsson B. Positron emission tomography studies on D2 and 5-HT2 receptor binding in risperidone-treated schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1995 15 : 19S 23S.
25. Mamo D, Graff A, Mizrahi R, Shammi CM, Romeyer F, Kapur S. Differential effects of aripiprazole on D2, 5-HT2, and 5-HT1A receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: a triple tracer PET study. Am J Psychiatry 2007 164 : 1411 1417. (Pubitemid 47461142)
26. Kapur S, Seeman P. Does fast dissociation from the dopamine D2 receptor explain the action of atypical antipsychotics? A new hypothesis. Am J Psychiatry 2001 158 : 360 369. (Pubitemid 32205190)
27. Pilowsky LS, Costa DC, Ell PJ, Murray RM, Verhoeff NP, Kerwin RW. Clozapine, single photon emission tomography, and the D2 dopamine receptor blockade hypothesis of schizophrenia. Lancet 1992 340 : 199 202.
28. Carpenter WT Jr., Zito JM, Vitrai J, Volavka J. Hypothesis testing: is clozapine's superior efficacy dependent on moderate D2 receptor occupancy? Biol Psychiatry 1998 43 : 79 83. (Pubitemid 28082723)