Outdoor recreation participation in BC forest-dependent communities

Forestry Chronicle

Volumn 84, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 210-220

  Harshaw, H W ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Forest recreation; Recreation participation; Sustainable forest management

Indexed keywords

LAND USE; MANAGERS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; FOREST RECREATION; FOREST-DEPENDENT COMMUNITIES; LAND USE PLANNING; PAPER DOCUMENTS; QUALITY OF LIFE; RECREATION PARTICIPATION; SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT;

FORESTRY;

FOREST MANAGEMENT; LAND USE PLANNING; PARTICIPATORY APPROACH; PUBLIC ATTITUDE; RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY; SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

FORESTRY; LAND USE; PLANNING; RECREATION; SUSTAINABLE FOREST MANAGEMENT;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA; NORTH AMERICA;

EID: 65649139051     PISSN: 00157546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5558/tfc84210-2     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Armstrong, J.S. and T.S. Overton. 1977. Estimating nonresponse bias in mail surveys. Journal of Marketing Research 14(3): 396-402.
2. Beckley, T.M. 2000. Sustainability for Whom?: Social Indicators for Forest-dependent Communities in Canada (Project Report No. 2000-34). Sustainable Forest Management Network and University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB.
3. Beckley, T.M., P.C. Boxall, L.K. Just and A.M. Wellstead. 1999. Forest Stakeholder Attitudes and Values: Selected social science contributions. Canadian Forest Service Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB. Information Report NOR-X-362. 24 p.
4. Beckley, T., J. Parkins and R. Stedman. 2002. Indicators of forestdependent community sustainability: The evolution of research. The Forestry Chronicle 78(5): 626-636. (Pubitemid 36108280)
5. Blackshaw, T. and J. Long. 1998. A critical examination of the advantages of investigating community and leisure from a social network perspective. Leisure Studies 17(4): 233-248. (Pubitemid 128524557)
6. Bluman, A.G. 2004. Elementary Statistics: A step by step approach. McGraw Hill, Toronto, ON.
7. Bowles, A.E. 1995. Responses of wildlife to noise. In R.L. Knight and K.J. Gutzwiller (eds.). Wildlife and Recreationists: Coexistence through management and research. pp. 109-156. Island Press, Washington, DC.
8. British Columbia Ministry of Forests Forest Practices Branch. 1998. Recreation Opportunity Spectrum: Procedures and standards manual. Resources Inventory Committee, Victoria. BC. 29 p.
9. Bryan, H. 1977. Leisure value systems and recreational specialization: The case of trout fishermen. Journal of Leisure Research 9(3): 174-187.
10. Canadian Council of Forest Ministers (CCFM). 2003. Defining Sustainable Forest Management in Canada: Criteria and indicators 2003. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Ottawa ON. 22 p.
11. Canadian Standards Association (CSA). 2002. CAN/CSA-Z809-02 Sustainable Forest Management: Requirements and Guidance (approved May 2003). Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, ON. 51 p.
12. Choi, S., D.K. Loomis and R.B. Ditton. 1994. Effect of social group, activity, and specialization on recreation substitution decisions. Leisure Sciences 16: 143-159. (Pubitemid 24818667)
13. Clark, R.N. and G.H. Stankey. 1979. The Recreation Opportunity Spectrum: A Framework for Planning, Management, and Research. USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, Portland, OR. Report nr PNW-98. 32 p.
14. Dillman, D.A. 2000. Mail and Internet Surveys: The Tailored Design Method. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Toronto, ON. 464 p.
15. Ditton, R.B., D.K. Loomis and S. Choi. 1992. Recreation specialization: Re-conceptualization from a social worlds perspective. Journal of Leisure Research 24(1): 33-51.
16. Federal-Provincial-Territorial Task Force on the Importance of Nature to Canadians. 1999. The Importance of Nature to Canadians Survey Highlights. Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON. Report nr EN47-311/1999E. 55 p.
17. Field, A. 2005. Discovering Statistics Using SPSS. SAGE Publications, London. 779 p.
18. Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Canada Working Group. 2004. National Boreal Standard. Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) Canada Working Group, Toronto, ON. 181 p.
19. Haddock, M. 1999. Guide to forest land use planning. West Coast Environmental Law Research Foundation, Vancouver, BC.
20. Hammitt, W.E. and D.N. Cole. 1998.Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 361 p.
21. Harshaw, H.W. 2005. The Representation of Outdoor Recreation in Land-Use Planning in British Columbia. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC. 318 p.
22. Harshaw, H.W., R.A. Kozak and S.R.J. Sheppard. 2006. How well are outdoor recreationists represented in forest land-use planning? Perceptions of recreationists in the Sea-to-Sky Corridor of BC. Landscape and Urban Planning 78(1-2): 33-49.
23. Harshaw, H.W. and S.R.J. Sheppard. 2007. The BC SFM Pubic Opinion Survey: What do people think of BC forestry? LINK 9(1): 1-2.
24. Harshaw, H.W., S.R.J. Sheppard and J.L. Lewis. 2007.Areviewand synthesis of social indicators for sustainable forest management. BC Journal of Ecosystems and Management 8(2): 17-36.
25. Havlick, D.G. 2002. No Place Distant: Roads and motorized recreation on America's public lands. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 283 p.
26. Hunt, L.M., P. Boxall, J. Englin and W. Haider. 2005. Forest harvesting, resource-based tourism, and remoteness: an analysis of northern Ontario's sport fishing tourism. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35(2): 401-409. (Pubitemid 40764155)
27. Knight, R.L. and D.N. Cole. 1995a. Factors that influence wildlife responses to recreationists. In R.L. Knight and K.J. Gutzwiller (eds.). Wildlife and Recreationists: Coexistence through management and research. pp. 71-79. Island Press, Washington, DC.
28. Knight, R.L. and D.N. Cole. 1995b. Wildlife responses to recreationists. In R.L. Knight and K.J. Gutzwiller (eds.). Wildlife and Recreationists: Coexistence through management and research. pp. 51-69. Island Press, Washington, DC.
29. Manning, R.E. 1999. Studies in Outdoor Recreation: Search and research for satisfaction. Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR. 374 p.
30. McFarlane, B.L. 1994. Specialization and motivations of birdwatchers. Wildlife Society Bulletin 22: 361-370. (Pubitemid 2149328)
31. McFarlane, B.L. 2001. Comments on recreational specialization: A critical look at the construct. Journal of Leisure Research 33(3): 348-350.
32. McFarlane, B.L. and P.C. Boxall. 1996. Exploring forest and recreation management preferences of forest recreationists in Alberta. The Forestry Chronicle 72(6): 623-629. (Pubitemid 27114889)
33. McFarlane, B.L. and P.C. Boxall. 2000. Factors influencing forest values and attitudes of two stakeholder groups: The case of the Foothills Model Forest, Alberta, Canada. Society and Natural Resources 13(7): 649-661.
34. McIntyre, N. and J.J. Pigram. 1992. Recreation specialization reexamined: The case of vehicle-based campers. Leisure Sciences 14: 3-15.
35. Nadeau, S., B. Shindler and C. Kakoyannis. 1999. Forest communities: New frameworks for assessing sustainability. The Forestry Chronicle 75(5): 747-754. (Pubitemid 30007914)
36. Parkins, J.R., J. Varghese and R.C. Stedman. 2004. Identifying indicators of community sustainability in the Robson Valley, British Columbia. British Columbia Journal of Ecosystems and Management 4(2): 1-19.
37. Payne, R.J. and R. Graham. 1993. Visitor planning and management in parks and protected areas. In P. Dearden and R. Rollins (eds.). Parks and Protected Areas in Canada: Planning and management. pp. 185-210. Oxford University Press, Toronto, ON.
38. Putnam, R.D. 2000. Bowling Alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon and Schuster, New York. 544 p.
39. Salant, P. and D.A. Dillman. 1994. How to Conduct Your Own Survey. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York.
40. Salz, R.J., D.K. Loomis and K.L. Finn. 2001. Development and validation of a specialization index and testing of specialization theory. Human Dimensions of Wildlife 6(4): 239-258.
41. Scott, D. and C.S. Shafer. 2001. Recreational specialization: A critical look at the construct. Journal of Leisure Research 33(3): 319-345. (Pubitemid 33744370)
42. Statistics Canada. 2003a. Community Highlights for Fort Nelson: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/ Details/details1pop.cfm?SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59 andSGC=5959005andA=andLANG= EandProvince=59andPlaceNa me=Fort%20NelsonandCSDNAME=Fort%20NelsonandCMA=and SEARCH=BEGINSandDataType= 1andTypeNameE=TownandID= 13421 [Accessed April 8, 2005.]
43. -. 2003b. Community Highlights for Fort Saint John: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/ Details/Page.cfm?Lang=EandG eo1=CSDandCode1=5955034andGeo2=PRandCode2=59andData =CountandSearchText=fort%20st.%20johnandSearchType=Beginsa ndSearchPR=59andB1= AllandCustom= [Retrieved April 10, 2006].
44. -. 2003c. Community Highlights for Fort Saint James: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/details1pop.cfm? SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59 andSGC=5951013andA=andLANG=EandProvince=59andPlaceNa me=Fort%20St%2E%20JamesandCSDNAME=Fort%20St%2E20Ja mesandCMA=andSEARCH= BEGINSandDataType=1andTypeNa meE=District%20MunicipalityandID=13233 [Accessed July 26, 2005].
45. -. 2003d. Community Highlights for Houston: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/details1pop.cfm? SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59andSGC =5951034andA=andLANG=EandProvince=59andPlaceName= Ho ustonandCSDNAME=HoustonandCMA=andSEARCH=BEGINSa ndDataType=1andTypeNameE= District%20MunicipalityandID=1 3249 [Accessed June 3, 2005].
46. -. 2003e. Community Highlights for Invermere: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/details1pop.cfm? SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59andSGC =5901039andA=andLANG=EandProvince=59andPlaceName= Inv ermereandCSDNAME=InvermereandCMA=andSEARCH=BEGI NSandDataType=1andTypeNameE= District%20MunicipalityandI D=11592 [Accessed July 26, 2005].
47. -. 2003f. Community Highlights for Mackenzie: Population [online]. Retrieved, from http://www12.statcan.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm? Lang=EandGeo1=CSDandCode1=595303 3andGeo2=PRandCode2=59andData= CountandSearchText=mack enzieandSearchType=BeginsandSearchPR=59andB1=AllandCusto m= [Accessed April 10, 2006].
48. -. 2003g. Community Highlights for Prince George: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/details1pop.cfm? SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59 andSGC=59970andA=andLANG=EandProvince=59andPlaceNam e=Prince20GeorgeandCSDNAME=Prince20GeorgeandCMA=and SEARCH=BEGINSandDataType= 1andTypeNameE=Census%20A gglomerationandID=1431 [Accessed July 13, 2005].
49. -. 2003h. Community Highlights for Quesnel: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/details1pop.cfm? SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59andSGC =5941013andA=andLANG=EandProvince=59andPlaceName= Que snelandCSDNAME=QuesnelandCMA=andSEARCH=BEGINSand DataType=1andTypeNameE= City%20%2D%20Cit%E9andID=128 42 [Accessed April 8, 2005].
50. -. 2003i. Community Highlights for Radium Hot Springs: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/profil01/Details/ details1pop.cfm?SEARCH=BEGINSandPSGC=59 andSGC=5901040andA=andLANG=EandProvince= 59andPlaceNa me=Radium%20Hot%20SpringsandCSDNAME=Radium%20Hot %20SpringsandCMA=andSEARCH =BEGINSandDataType=1and TypeNameE=VillageandID=11594 [Accessed April 8, 2005].
51. -. 2003j. Community Highlights for Vanderhoof: Population [online]. Available at http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/ Details/Page.cfm?Lang=EandGeo1=CSD andCode1=5951007andGeo2=PRandCode2=59andData= Countan dSearchText=vanderhoofandSearchType=BeginsandSearchPR=59a ndB1=AllandCustom= [Accessed April 10, 2006].
52. Stokowski, P.A. 1990. Extending the social groups model: Social network analysis in recreation research. Leisure Sciences 12(3): 251-263.
53. Tindall, D.B. 2003. Social values and the contingent nature of public opinion and attitudes about forests. The Forestry Chronicle 2003 (79): 692-705. (Pubitemid 37143807)
54. Twynam, G.D. and D.W. Robinson. 1997. A Market Segmentation Analysis of Desired Ecotourism Opportunities. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, ON. NODA/NFP Technical Report TR-34. 52 p.
55. Watson, A.E., J.W. Roggenbuck and D.R. Williams. 1991. The influence of past experience on wilderness choice. Journal of Leisure Research 23(1): 21-36.
56. Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis (3rd ed.). Prentice-Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle, NJ.